直接間接引語今日語法.ppt

今日 語法 Ithink that heisawful 主謂賓 主語 謂語 賓語 主句 從句 賓語從句 句子做賓語 Lucysays Lucysaysthatshe Jacksays Jacksaysthat 4 Ithinkthatheisawful Iguessthatitwasafineday HebelievesthatMaryhasbeentotheU S Lindasaysthatshehadread100bookswhenshewas8 Iknowthatyouwillbeagoodteacher 結論1 主句一般現(xiàn)在時 從句任何時態(tài) Ithinkthatheisawful Ithoughtthathewasawful HebelievesthatMaryhasbeentotheU S HebelievedthatMaryhadbeentotheU S 結論2 主句用過去時 從句用過去某個時態(tài) 總結 Ihavebrokenmyleg Hesaidthat hehadbrokenhisleg Wewillbuyanewhouse Theysaidthat theywouldbuyanewhouse Idon thaveasecretary Hetoldmethat hedidn thaveasecretary Mysisterisswimming Shetoldmethat hersisterwasswimming Wecan ttellyouanything Theytoldmethat theycouldn ttellusanything Mybrothertoldmethathe hishomework finishedhasfinishedhadfinishedfinishes Lindasaidtheearth aroundthesun movesmovedhasmovedhadmoved 事實真理時態(tài)不變 人稱變化 直接引語變間接引語 人稱變化一隨主 二隨賓 第三人稱不更新 一隨主Shesaid Mybrotherwantstogowithme Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher 二隨賓HesaidtoKate Howisyoursisternow HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen 第三人稱不更新Mr Smithsaid Jackisagoodworker Mr SmithsaidJackwasagoodworker 時態(tài)變化 時態(tài)變化 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時Marysaid Iamagirl Marysaidshewasagirl 現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時Marysaid Iamdoingmyhomework Marysaidshewasdoingherhomework 現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時Marysaid Ihavefinishedmyhomework Marysaidshehadfinishedherhomework 過去時 過去完成時Marysaid Ihadlunch Marysaidshehadhadlunch 一般將來時 過去將來時Marysaid Iwillleavetomorrow Marysaidshewouldleavetomorrow 過去完成時不變 仍為過去完成時Shesaid AfterIhadhadlunch Ileftmybagonachair Shesaidthataftershehadhadlunch sheleftherbagonachair 過去進行時 過去進行時Marysaid Wewerehavingafootballmatchthistimeyesterday Marysaidtheywerehavingafootballmatchthattimethedaybefore 在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時 以下情況時態(tài)一般不變化 直接引語是客觀真理 Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth theteachertoldme Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth 直接引語是過去進行時 時態(tài)不變 Jacksaid John wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet 直接引語中有具體的過去某年 某月 某日作狀語 變?yōu)殚g接引語時 時態(tài)不變 如 XiaoWangsaid IwasbornonApril2l 1980 XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20 1980 直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時 表示一種反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作 變間接引語 時態(tài)不變 Hesaid Igetupatsixeverymorning Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning 如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式 例 oughtto hadbetter usedto 和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時 例 could should would might 不再變 Petersaid Youhadbettercomeheretoday PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday Icanspeakthreelanguages Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages Whatdidhesay IammadatMarcia HesaidhewasmadatMarcia Whatdidhesay Whatdidtheysay TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana shewashard working Iamhard working Whatdidshesay Shesaid shewasnotlazy Whatdidshesay Shesaid Iamnotlazy hewasgoodatplayingbasketball Whatdidhesay Hesaid I mgoodatplayingbasketball IamgoodatEnglish ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish Whatdidshesay Whatdidshesay IdowellinEnglish ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish dowellin IdowellinEnglish IgotobeacheverySunday Whatdidhesay Hesaidhe wenttobeacheverySunday Whatdidshesay Shesaidshe wouldcallmetomorrow Iwillcallyoutomorrow 狀語變化 狀語變化 表示時間的詞now then yesterday thedaybeforethisweek month etc thatweeklastweek month etc theweek month etc beforethreedays ayear etc ago threedays ayear etc beforenextweek month etc thenext following week month etc tomorrow thenext following day 指示代詞this thatthese those 表地點的詞here there動詞bring takecome go 引導詞變化 直接引語如果是陳述句 間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句Shesaid Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes 直接引語如果是反意疑問句 選擇疑問句或一般疑問句 間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句Hesaid Canyouswim John HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim Youhavefinishedthehomework haven tyou mymotherasked MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike HeaskedmewhetherIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike 直接引語如果是特殊問句 間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句 賓語從句必須用陳述句語序 Sheaskedme Whendotheyhavetheirdinner Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner 注意 特殊疑問詞在句中作主語 變?yōu)橘e語從句時語序不變 時態(tài)應作相應變化 特殊疑問詞在句中作主語 變?yōu)橘e語從句時語序不變 時態(tài)應作相應變化 1 Heaskedme withme A whatthematterisB whatthematerwasC what sthematterD whatwasthematter 直接引語如果是祈使句 間接引語應改為 tell ask order beg等 sb not todosth 句型 如 Don tmakeanynoise shesaidtothechildren Shetold ordered thechildrennottomakeanynoise Bringmeacupoftea please saidshe Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea 直接引語如果是以 Let s 開頭的祈使句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時 通常用 suggest 動句詞 或從句 Hesaid Let sgotothefilm Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm 或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm 句型變化 直接引語變間接引語時 間接引語要用陳述句的語序 引導詞要放在間接引語的最前面 接下來按 主謂賓 順序排列 即 直接引語轉換成間接引語時用陳述語序HeaskedMike Wheredidyougo HeaskedMikewherehehadgone Whatareyoudoing Sheaskedme Iwasdoing what WhydoyoulikeEnglish Heaskedme IlikedEnglish why Wheredoeshelive Sheaskedme helived where Howdoesshegotoschool Sheaskedme Shewenttoschool how Doyouknowmyname Sheaskedme Iknewhername Whether if 是否 Whendoyouhavemath Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim when youhavemath youhavemath he had Theyaskedhimwhenhehadmath Summary 總結 1 特殊疑問句直接引語變間接引語 Doyouhavemath Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim Whether if youhavemath youhavemath he had Theyaskedhimwhether ifhehadmath 2 一般疑問句直接引語變間接引語 Canyouplaythepiano Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim Whether if Youcanplaythepiano youcanplaythepiano he could Theyaskedhimwhether ifhecouldplaythepiano Openthedoorforme shesaidtome Whatdidsheaskmetodo Sheaskedmetoopenthedoorforher Don tmakesomuchnoise shesaidtothechildren Whatdidshetellthechildren Shetoldthemnottomakesomuchnoise Staytolunch heinsisted Whatdidhedo HeinsistedthatIshouldstaytolunch Comewithme hesuggest Whatdidhesuggest HesuggestedthatIshouldgowithhim You vealreadygotwell haven tyou sheasked Sheasked A ifIhavealreadygotwell hadn tyouB whetherIhadalreadygotwellC haveIalreadygotwellD hadIalreadygotwell 2 Heasked AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember Heaskedme A amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember 3 Heasked Howareyougettingalong Heasked A howamIgettingalongB howareyougettingalongC howIwasgettingalongD howwasIgettingalong4 Heaskedme withme A whatthematterisB whatthematerwasC what sthematterD whatwasthematter 5 Hesaid Don tdothatagain He me thatagain A saidto nottodoB saidto don tdoC told don tdoD told nottodo6 Canyoumakesure A thathewillcomeheretodayB whenhewillcomeheretodayC willhecomeheretodayD whether