2016年中考英語(yǔ)-“閱讀五選五”和“語(yǔ)法填空”新題型解讀.doc

一、51-55小題（閱讀填空）。閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的A、B、C、D、E 五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能用一次。（共5小題；每小題2分，計(jì)10分）A Special Delivery(郵件或包裹的投遞)Ben and Sally lived in California. Ben liked travelling. 51_, but Sally just stayed home. Ben and his friends owned a company. One day, Bens friends wanted to play a joke on Ben and Sally. 52_. The letter said, Dear Sally. Im having a great time here in Africa. Im sending a special gift to you. I hope you like it. Please take good care of it until I get home. Your Love,BenOn the same day, Sally also got a phone call. The caller told her that a delivery was coming. At one oclock, a truck stopped in front of Sallys house. The truck driver gave Sally a baby elephant! 53_, and it began eating grass. Then the driver drove away. Sally stood there, asking herself, “What can I feed an elephant with? Bananas?” 54_. He said, “Its illegal(非法的) to have wild animal here.” Then the policeman gave Sally a ticket. Bens friends were hiding in the backyard and laughing. They had rented(租借) the elephant from a zoo and asked the policeman to write the ticket! Bens friends also made a film of everything. 55_. When Sally learned about the truth, she couldnt help laughing. A. So they sent a letter to SallyB. After a while, a policeman cameC. The elephant ran into Sallys yardD. They wanted Ben to watch the videoE. One summer, he went to Africa on a trip 題型解讀：1、客觀性試題，信度好；2、與高考七選五閱讀題型對(duì)接，有利于我市基礎(chǔ)階段英語(yǔ)教學(xué)質(zhì)量的提高；3、做對(duì)了4個(gè)后，第5個(gè)小題自然得分，但也由于每個(gè)只用一次，有連環(huán)錯(cuò)的可能；4、這是個(gè)閱讀理解新題型，考查的是學(xué)生的語(yǔ)篇能力；5、首句不設(shè)空，總閱讀量220個(gè)單詞左右（文章一般為180個(gè)單詞，選項(xiàng)詞40個(gè)左右），平均每30-35個(gè)單詞左右設(shè)一空。6、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇的空白處，各選項(xiàng)均可獨(dú)立成句，但沒(méi)有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。 試題詳解：本文由2015年北京市中考英語(yǔ)試題改編而來(lái)，它是一篇基本上是以時(shí)間為線索為寫作思路的文章，并且人物關(guān)系非常清楚。51. 選E。本選項(xiàng)前有句子“Ben liked travelling.”，選項(xiàng)句（“One summer, he went to Africa on a trip”）這兩個(gè)句子中“travelling”與“trip”是“同義詞”。同時(shí)，從文章的寫作線索這個(gè)角度也容易找到答案E。52. 選A。本選項(xiàng)后有句子“The letter said,”，選項(xiàng)句（“So they sent a letter to Sally”）這兩個(gè)句子中“l(fā)etter”是“復(fù)現(xiàn)詞”。同時(shí)，從上下文來(lái)看，Bens friends向Sally發(fā)來(lái)一封信（send a letter）也是joke的第一步，從文章的行文邏輯可以得到正確答案。53. 選C。本選項(xiàng)前有句子“The truck driver gave Sally a baby elephant!”，選項(xiàng)句（“The elephant ran into Sallys yard”）這兩個(gè)句子中“elephant”是“復(fù)現(xiàn)詞”。同時(shí)，本選項(xiàng)后有句子“and it began eating grass.”，選項(xiàng)句（“The elephant ran into Sallys yard”）中的“elephant”與“it”是指代關(guān)系。54. 選B。本選項(xiàng)后第二句“Then the policeman gave Sally a ticket.”，選項(xiàng)句（“After a while, a policeman came”）這兩個(gè)句子中“policeman”是“復(fù)現(xiàn)詞”。同時(shí)，選項(xiàng)后第一句“He said,”中的“He”與“policeman”是指代關(guān)系。55. 選D。前四句如果有十分把握了，余下的選項(xiàng)就是D了。事實(shí)上，本選項(xiàng)前有句子“Bens friends also made a film of everything.”，選項(xiàng)句（“They wanted Ben to watch the video”）這兩個(gè)句子中中“film”與“video”是“近義詞”。 解題技巧：抓住寫作思路是正確解答為種題型的訣竅。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在通讀語(yǔ)篇把握了文章線索和文章結(jié)構(gòu)（先總后分 ，先分后總 ，分總分闡述 ，分點(diǎn)闡述 ）后，可從復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，同義、近義詞，人稱代詞，邏輯關(guān)系，主題句或結(jié)尾句等幾個(gè)“解題切入點(diǎn)”入手，進(jìn)行解題。據(jù)我個(gè)人的推測(cè)，2016年的婁底中考英語(yǔ)試題在命制這個(gè)題目時(shí)，可能不會(huì)涉及到考查語(yǔ)篇主旨大意的考題，所以重點(diǎn)是指導(dǎo)學(xué)生從前四種情況去找解題突破口。二、51-55小題（語(yǔ)法填空）。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式（每空最多不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞)。 Most people have their jobs. Some people are lucky. Either they have very interesting jobs or they make a lot of money. Most people are not so 61. (luck). Either their 62. (job) are not very interesting or they dont make much money. The most interesting jobs are often the 63. (much) difficult. People spend a long time 64. (learn) how to do them. Doctors study for at least six years 65._ finishing school. Some young people have interesting and high-pay jobs. Many young players do their work 66. (successful). Football and tennis stars 67. (be) usually under 35 years old. Older people usually cannot play these sports very well. They cannot move fast enough. Golf, however, is 68. good sport for older people. Most people work 69. they are 60 or 65 years old. Then they retire(退休) and have a lot of free time. Some people never retire though. For example, writers, artists, scientists and actors usually work until they die. Their work is 70. _ (them) life. 題型解讀：1、以語(yǔ)篇為語(yǔ)法考查平臺(tái)，充分體現(xiàn)在真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的理念；2、一般在每小題所在的句子中進(jìn)行語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的考查，且只考一個(gè)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，除時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣題之外，很少有跨行、跨段、跨篇的考點(diǎn)；3、兩種題型并行：一是純空格語(yǔ)法填空（共3小題），只能填一個(gè)單詞，二是在每小題括號(hào)中提供有一個(gè)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（共7小題），每小題可以最多填3個(gè)單詞；4、首句不設(shè)空，一般為150個(gè)單詞左右的議論文（也可以是記敘文等別的文體），平均每15個(gè)單詞左右設(shè)一空。 試題詳解：本文是一篇議論文，談?wù)摳鞣N工作的特性與適合從事工作的人群。61. 填lucky。括號(hào)中的人luck是名詞，在這個(gè)句子中只有改成lucky用作形容詞才可受到so的修飾，并充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。62. 填jobs。job是可數(shù)名詞，從后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are可看出，只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，才能遵循英語(yǔ)中主謂一致的原則。63. 填most。這里考查形容詞（副詞）比較等級(jí)的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，從本句主語(yǔ)the most interesting jobs可推測(cè)出后面只有也用最高級(jí)most才符合語(yǔ)意。64. 填learning。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)，這里有固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.。65. 填after。after在這里做介詞或連詞理解問(wèn)題都不大，一般在這種題型中介詞或連詞都是作為“純空格填空題”來(lái)命制的。這里可以說(shuō)是對(duì)學(xué)生“生活常識(shí)”的考查，要想當(dāng)醫(yī)生一般中學(xué)畢業(yè)后在大學(xué)接受至少6年的專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)。66. 填successfully。形容詞變副詞，才能在這里正確使用，用來(lái)修飾do，表示“成功地做”。67. 填are。這是考動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式（通篇是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)），is, am, are三者，顯然填are。68. 填a。冠詞一般會(huì)有一個(gè)考點(diǎn)，這里用a表種類，這里a有“一種”的意思。69. 填until或till。主從復(fù)合句的考點(diǎn)，中考一般考狀語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句，請(qǐng)注意從句的引導(dǎo)詞的意義和用法。70. 填料their。人稱代詞有用法也是本題中常見(jiàn)的考點(diǎn)之一，