英語人教版七年級下冊Countries, nationalities, and .doc

Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 語言要點1. How often do you exercise? I do exercise once a month.2. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually play soccer.3. What do they do on weekends? They often go to the movies.4. What does he do on weekends? He sometimes watches TV.5. How often do you shop? I shop twice a week.6. Every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, ever, hardly, never, once a week, twice a mouthUnit 1 How often do you exercise? 重點短語as for 至于junk food 垃圾食品eating habit 飲食習慣of course 當然look after 照顧hardly ever 很少on weekends 在周末start with 以開始every day 每天three times a week 一周三次a lot of 很多surf the internet 網(wǎng)上沖浪try to do sth 盡量去做某事make a difference 使得結(jié)果不同go to the movies 看電影in good health 身體好Unit 2 Whats the matter? 語言要點1. - Whats the matter?- I have a headache. You should go to bed.- He has a stomachache. He shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours.- She has a toothache. She should see a dentist.2. see a doctor / dentist, get / have a cold, give advice, have a toothache, have a headache, have a stomachache, have a backache, have a sore throat, have a fever, lie down and rest, drink lots of water, drink hot tea with honey, a few, stressed out, listen to music, get tired, stay / keep healthy, at the moment, on the other hand, a balanced dietUnit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 語言要點 1. - What are you doing for vacation?- Im spending time with my friends.2. - When are you going?- Im going next week.3. - How long are you staying?- Were staying for two weeks.4. sightseeing, fishing, relaxing, visiting, going camping, spending5. how long, get back, at home, take a vacation, think about, decide on, go bike ridingUnit 4 How do you get to school? 語言要點1. - How do you get to school?2. - I take the bus.2. - How long does it take?- It takes 20 minutes.3. - How far is it?- Its 10 miles.4. - It takes sb. some time to do something.5. bicycle, subway, car, train, bus station, bus stop, minute, kilometer, mile, transportation6. get to, ride, walk, take, depend, depend on, by busUnit 5 Can you come to my party? 語言要點 1. - Can you come to my birthday party?- Yes, Id love to.- Sorry, I cant. I have to study for a test.2. Im sorry. Im playing soccer on Saturday. 少數(shù)動詞（如：come, go, begin, start, leave, arrive, return, stay等）可以用現(xiàn)在進行時表示一個預計要發(fā)生的動作。如：He is leaving the day after tomorrow.3. - Can he go to the baseball game?- No, he cant. He has to study for a test.3. words and expressions: invitation, study for a test, come to the party, the whole day, another day, try to do sth., have to do sth., join sb. , go to the concertUnit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister. 語言要點 1. - Tina is taller than Tara.- Tom has shorter hair than Sam.- Linda is more outgoing than me. 形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成。2. 詞語：both, interest, interesting, though, be good at, all the time, look the same, twin sister, a little taller, a primary school, in some ways, the same as, be different from, opposite view4. 個人特征方面的詞匯：tall, thin, short, long hair, short hair, funny, serious, outgoing, easygoing, athletic, quiet, intellectualUnit 7 How much are these pants? 詞匯1. each 和every兩者作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。不同的是each強調(diào)個體，而every強調(diào)整體中的“每個”。如：Each of us has a computer.我們每個人都有計算機。Every student in our class is here today.今天我們班的每位同學都到了。此外，each還可單獨用作副詞。如：You can buy socks for only 4 each.每雙襪子你只需花4美元就能買到。2. helphelp 用作動詞時，后面常接不定式作賓語，并且不定式符號to可以省略，即：help (to) do something（幫忙做某事；有助于）或help somebody (to) do something（幫助某人做某事）。help后還可接介詞with，即help somebody with something，如：My elder sister often helps me with my homework. 我姐姐常幫我做作業(yè)?！盚elp!” 是口語中在緊急時刻要別人幫忙時的用法，意思是“幫幫忙；救命”。help還有名詞詞性，意思是“幫助”，是不可數(shù)名詞。如：I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。3. wantwant 用作及物動詞，后面直接接名詞、代詞，如：Im thirsty. I want a drink.我渴了，想喝點飲料。want 后還可接不定式作賓語，即want to do something，如：I dont want to go to the party.我不想?yún)⒓幽莻€晚會。want 也可用于want somebody to do something 這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，如：I dont want Linda to hear about this.我不想讓琳達聽到這件事。You are wanted on the phone / in the office.則表示“有你的電話”或“辦公室有人找你”。這里的want是“有事找（某人）” 的意思。Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake? 語言要點1. - How many apples do we need?- We need two.- How much butter do we need?- We need one teaspoon / two spoons of .可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞2. How do you make a banana milk shake?First. Next. Then. Finally .祈使句4. 重點短語：turn on / turn off, how many / how much, add . to .; let sb. sth., pour. into .Unit 8 How was your school trip? 詞匯 1. gift和present兩者都有“禮物”的意思，但gift較為正式，帶有一定的感情色彩，側(cè)重送禮人的誠意，有時含有“捐贈”之意。present為普通用語，一般指“值錢不多的禮物”，表示下對上送禮的意思。有時兩者可以互換，如：This was given me as a birthday gift / present. 這是別人送我的生日禮物。Each child gave their mother a little present. 每個孩子送給母親一件小禮物。2. get和winget表示“獲得；得到”之意，指通過某種方式或手段得到某種東西，得到的東西可能是我們想要的，也可能不是。如：Will you get me a ticket? 你能給我弄張票嗎？gain表示“獲得；得到”，指通過努力，甚至競爭或斗爭而獲得某種有價值的東西。如：She gained her experience by working as a teacher. 她靠當老師獲取經(jīng)驗。win除表示“（在競賽、游戲、選舉等中）獲勝；贏”之意，還表示“（通過艱苦努力或憑能力）獲得；博得”，如：I couldnt win her friendship. 我無法獲得她的友誼。3. at the end，in the end和by the end ofat the end和in the end都表示“最后；終于”之意，但at the end通常與of連用，很少作獨立成份使用。如：Were going on holiday at the end of July. 我們七月底將去度假。In the end, we found the house. 最后，我們找到了這座房屋。by the end of指“到某一時間之前”，常與完成時連用，如：By the end of the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory which employed 728 people. 到戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束時，這個小鋪子已經(jīng)變成雇有728個工人的大工廠了。end 作名詞也可以指地點或事物的“盡頭；終點”等，如：My friends waited for me at the end of the street. 我的朋友在街道盡頭等我Unit 8 How was your school trip? 語言要點 1. - What did you do / see on your last school trip?- I / We went / saw .- What else did you do?- I bought .- Did you buy / go .?- Yes, I / We did. / No, I / we didnt.- Where did you go yesterday?- I went to .- Were there any sharks / seals .?- Yes, there were. / No, there werent.2. 重點詞匯：aquarium, zoo, science, centre, gift shop, souvenir, seal, shark, octopus, dolphin, take photos, get ones autograph, prize, movie, hang out, go for a drive, sleep late3. 一些規(guī)則動詞和不規(guī)則動詞的過去式Unit 9 When was he born? 語言要點 1. - When was she born?- She was born in 1973.2. - How long did he hiccup?- He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.3. You are never too young to start doing things.4. violinist, skater, pianist, athleteprofessional, talented, loving, outstanding, unusual, creativeUnit 10 Im going to be a basketball player. 同步詞匯No. 1travel, trip和journeytravel 指到遠地或常期的旅行，但不一定有目的。trip 指參觀訪問各地并回到出發(fā)點的旅行。journey 指中途不到別處而直接到達目的地的旅行。No. 2yet和alreadyyet 用于疑問句或否定句時位于句末，如：Have you finished yet? 你完成了嗎？He hasnt done it yet. 他還沒有干呢。already 常用于肯定的陳述句中，一般位于助動詞之后、謂語動詞之前。如：The rain has already left. 火車已經(jīng)開走了。No. 3build, set up, put up和foundbuild表示“建立；修建”之意，既可用于具體事物，也可用于抽象事物。build表示建造具體事物時可以指建造地面上下的工程。build作名詞有“體格”之意，如：He is of medium build. 他中等體格。set up 表示“樹立；建立；設立”之意，著重于開始的含義，既可與表示具體事物的名詞連用，也可與抽象名詞連用。表示“樹立榜樣；創(chuàng)建黨派”時用set up或found，不用put up或build。在表示“支起帳篷”時用set up或put up，不用build。put up 是build的非正式形式，一般可與build，set up互換，但不能用于建造低于地面的工程。found表示“建立；成立”之意，著重于打下基礎，它既可以與表示具體事物的名詞連用，也可與表示抽象事物的名詞連用。Unit 10 Im going to be a basketball player. 語言要點 1. - What are you going to be when you grow up?- Im going to be a basketball player.2. computer programmer, pilot, engineer, editor, journalist3. sound like, at the same time, keep fit, get a part-time job, grow up, move toUnit 11 What time do you go to school? 同步詞匯No. 1dish, bowl和cupdish 是指陶瓷、金屬、玻璃、木制的大盤子，用以裝菜肴端至餐桌，個人面前的淺盤是plate，咖啡杯、碗等的托碟是saucer。bowl指大碗，是那種圓而深的容器。cup指喝茶、咖啡等用的杯子，通常有柄。dish還可表示“（盛放在盤碟的）食物；菜肴”，如：What is our favorite dish? 你最喜歡的菜是什么？No. 2lend和borrowlend的意思是“借出；借給（別人）”，常與介詞to連用。如：I lent my pen to him. 我把鋼筆借給了她。borrow的意思是“借進；從（某人那里）借來”，常與介詞from連用。因此，你要借別人的自行車用時，可以說以下兩句中的任何一句：Could you lend me your bicycle? May I borrow your bicycle?No. 3could和can兩者都是情態(tài)動詞，could可以做can 的過去時態(tài)。could 用在疑問句中可以表示提出請求或委婉地提出看法，是一種有禮貌的說法，不表示過去的時態(tài)。對這樣問題的肯定回答有Sure，Certainly；否定回答有Sorry, I cant. 或Sorry. 然后闡述理由。如：Could you help me take it to the classroom? 你能幫我把它拿到教室去嗎？Unit 11 Could you please clean your room? 語言要點 1. - Could you please clean your room?- Yes, sure. / No problem. / Of course. / Certainly.2. - Could I use your computer?- Sorry, Im going to work on it now.3. You have to clean your room first.4. do the dishes, sweep the floor, make ones bed, fold the clothes, do the laundry, stay out late, have / take a test, study for the math test, take care of, forget to do sth ., have / hold a school party, play with sb. / sth.5. trash, chore, hate, borrow, invite, teenager, feed, favor, fishUnit 12 Whats the best radio station? 語言要點 1. Whats the best movie theater?Who do you think is the funniest actor?2. But I think that Circle Theater has the most comfortable seats.3. a clothing store, do a survey of sb. about sth., as for, a great success, in the daytime, in the north of China, cut the prices4. clothing, comfort, seat, close, theater, positive, perform, success, last, seldom, enough, far, distance161 二次根式 教學內(nèi)容 二次根式的概念及其運用 教學目標 理解二次根式的概念，并利用a（a0）的意義解答具體題目 提出問題，根據(jù)問題給出概念，應用概念解決實際問題 教學重難點關(guān)鍵 1重點：形如a（a0）的式子叫做二次根式的概念； 2難點與關(guān)鍵：利用“a（a0）”解決具體問題 教學過程 一、復習引入 （學生活動）請同學們獨立完成下列三個課本P2的三個思考題： 二、探索新知 很明顯3、10、46，都是一些正數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根像這樣一些正數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根的式子，我們就把它稱二次根式因此，一般地，我們把形如a（a0）的式子叫做二次根式，“”稱為二次根號 （學生活動）議一議： 1-1有算術(shù)平方根嗎？ 20的算術(shù)平方根是多少？ 3當a0）、0、42、-2、1xy+、xy+（x0，y0） 分析：二次根式應滿足兩個條件：第一，有二次根號“”；第二，被開方數(shù)是正數(shù)或0 解：二次根式有：2、x（x0）、0、-2、xy+（x0，y0）；不是二次根式的有：33、1x、42、1xy+ 例2當x是多少時，31x-在實數(shù)范圍內(nèi)有意義？ 分析：由二次根式的定義可知，被開方數(shù)一定要大于或等于0，所以3x-10，31x-才能有意義 解：由3x-10，得：x13 當x13時，31