江西省自考學(xué)位英語歷年試題及參考答案解析.doc

精品文檔2013年11月江西省成人(自考)本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試試題及答案解析【該試題附帶答案詳細(xì)解析及評分參考】第一部分：閱讀理解（共20題，40分考試時(shí)間為35分鐘）（一）Long long ago people made fires from lightning(閃電)。 But they had to keep the fire burning, for they couldnt start it again if there was no lightning. Later, they found out hitting two piece of stone together could make a spark (火花). The spark could fire dry leaves. In this way they could make the fire again if it went out. Them people also learned to make a fire by rubbing. They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire. As years went by, people learned other ways to make a fire. Sometimes they used the heat from sun. they held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire. About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (火柴). Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fire. Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires. One of them is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive than a box of matches. But it is more useful.1. A spark can _.A. fire any leavesB. burn anythingC. burn dry leavesD. keep fires burning2. We can also get a fire by _.A. making a hole on a big piece of woodB. putting a smaller stick into the holeC. turning the stick hard for a whileD. doing all the above together3. Matches have been used _.A. for about two thousand yearsB. for about two hundred yearsC. since people began to use fire for cookingD. since people used the heat from the sun.4. From this passage we know _.A. using matches is the easiest and most useful way to make firesB. people dont use matches any more since they had electric fire startersC. today there are only two ways to make firesD. some forest fires happen from lightning5. Choose the right order of the ways to make fires people got to know _.a. with a match b. from the sun c. from lightningd. by rubbing e. with an electric fire starter.A. d, b, c, a, eB. d, c, b, a, eC. c, d, b, a, eD. c, b, d, a ,e答案及解析1.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四行The spark could fire dry leaves.說明C正確。2.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后三行判斷They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again.說明ABC都是具體步驟，D是最全面的。3.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句About two centuries ago,可知B正確。4.【答案】D【解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第一句Long long ago people made fires from lightning(閃電)。說明有時(shí)候閃電會導(dǎo)致火，那么也有可能導(dǎo)致森林大火。故D正確、5.【答案】C【解析】排序題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，人們先是通過閃電，接著摩擦生火，然后是通過陽光，后來是火柴，最后是an electric fire starter，故C正確。（二）As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for ahealthymind and body. Stress is a natural partof everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress isvitalto provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it canleadto poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities, others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between flightor fight and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, thathealthbecomes endangered. Since we cant remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.6People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because _.Athey regard working as their greatest enjoymentBthey believe that work is superior to relaxationCthey are traveling fast all the timeDthey are becoming busier with their work than ever before7According to the author, the most important character for a good manager is his _.Astrong will to hold out stressBknowing theartof relaxationChighsenseof responsibilityDhaving control over performance8Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?AWe can find quite a few ways to avoid stress.BStress is always harmful to peopleshealthCIts easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.DDifferent people can bear different amount of stress.9In the last sentence of the passage, do so refers to _.Aexpose ourselves to stressBfind ways to deal with stressCremove stress from our livesDestablish links between diseases and stress10. According to the author, the right attitude toward stress is _.A. to avoid itB. to try to deal with itC. to regard it as a vital motivationD. to find some relaxation答案及解析6.【答案】D【解析】推斷題。由第一段可推知，無法放松自己主要是比以前任何時(shí)候都要忙碌。7.【答案】A【解析】推斷題。由第三段第二句可推知，當(dāng)好管理者的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)是要具有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的抵制壓力的意志。句中prime material意為“一流的素質(zhì)”。8.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段第一句可The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.可知。9.【答案】C【解析】猜義題。由Since we cant remove stress from our lives可知括號里的內(nèi)容是對前文的解釋。英語學(xué)習(xí)10.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。故A正確。（三）What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work .So it is important to do well at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs. Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal work or cookery(烹飪術(shù))and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job. Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle(運(yùn)用)tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is bitter to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.11. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?A. The importance of doing well at school.B. Using school performance to help to choose a career.C. The importance of being good at all subjects.D. The indirect value of schoolwork. 12. The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably _.A. a waste of time that could have been spent on studyB. useful for his future workC. a good way to earn extra moneyD. a good way to find out his weak points 13. According to the passage, if a students school record is not good, he _.A. will be a complete failure in his future workB. will not be able to find a suitable jobC. will regret not having worked harder at schoolD. may do well in his future work 14. Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for job hunting?A. Mathematics.B. English.C. Technical drawing.D. History. 15. The whole passage centers on _.A. choosing a career according to what one is skilled inB. acquiring knowledge by working hard at schoolC. finding ones strong and weak pointsD. developing ones abilities useful in school work 答案及解析11.【答案】B 【解析】段落大意題。文章第一段內(nèi)容是關(guān)于學(xué)校中所學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容對我們的職業(yè)選擇是有幫助的。故B正確。12.【答案】B【解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容尤其是最后2行Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job。可知做兼職工作對我們的未來工作是非常有幫助的。13.【答案】D【解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知在學(xué)校成績不好，這樣也可以暴露自己的弱點(diǎn)，留給自己機(jī)會去改正，這樣在未來的工作中仍然是有機(jī)會取得進(jìn)步的。14.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段倒數(shù)3,4行Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs可知?dú)v史這一學(xué)科對于工作是沒有直接的影響的，故D正確。15.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。文章講述的是要根據(jù)自己所擅長的技能來選擇自己的職業(yè)。故A正確。（四）American society is not nap (午睡)-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, “Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep”. Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.” Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,” says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a ha1f-hour snooze (瞌睡) every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid afternoon quiet phase,” also called “a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums16. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep isA. unreasonableB. criminalC. harmfulD. costly17. The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans _A. dont like to take napsB. are terribly worried about their national debtC. sleep less than is good for themD. have caused many industrial and traffic accidents18. The purpose of this article is toA. warn us of the wickedness of nappingB. explain the danger of sleepinessC. discuss the side effects of nappingD. convince the reader of the necessity of napping19. The underlined phrase “American sleep debt” in Para. 3 is the result ofA. the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleepB. the new sleep policy of the Clinton AdministrationC. the rapid development of American industryD. the Americans worry about the danger of sleepiness20. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it isA. preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shiftB. good practice to eat something light before we go to bedC. essential to make up for cost sleepD. natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it答案及解析16. 【答案】A【解析】推斷題。由第一段，美國人不喜歡午睡，事實(shí)上，賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院睡眠專家David Dinges說，“甚至有一個(gè)禁令不允許我們需要睡眠。在工作的時(shí)候，沒有人愿意被發(fā)現(xiàn)在打瞌睡或在睡覺。引用一個(gè)諺語：有的人睡5個(gè)小時(shí)，正常情況需7個(gè)小時(shí)，懶惰者需9個(gè)小時(shí)，墮落者需11個(gè)小時(shí)。由此可知，美國人認(rèn)為過多的失眠是不合理的。并不是罪惡的，有害的，昂貴的。故答案為A17. 【答案】C【解析】推斷題。美國人都普遍缺乏睡眠，他們的睡眠欠缺和國債一樣不可小覷?？梢姡绹J(rèn)為睡眠少對他們有益，這樣可以做更多的事情。故答案為C18. 【答案】D【解析】主旨題。由第二段The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. We have to totally change our attitude toward napping。工作時(shí)不睡著的方法是當(dāng)你困的時(shí)候就小睡一下，我們必須完全改變我們對于小睡的態(tài)度?？芍疚牡囊鈭D是使讀者認(rèn)識到小睡的必要性。故答案為D19. 【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段可知，美國人不重視午睡，沒有人想在工作時(shí)被發(fā)現(xiàn)在打盹或睡著了，還有一句俗語來抨擊午睡，可見是傳統(tǒng)觀念在誤導(dǎo)著他們。故選A20. 【答案】D【解析】推斷題。由最后一段，睡覺是我們的一部分，無論何時(shí)，何地，我自己在公交車?yán)?，汽車，飛機(jī)，船上，在床上，圖書館，辦公室，博物館里都可以小睡?？芍?，本段是要告訴我們不論何時(shí)，當(dāng)我們需要休息的時(shí)候，就應(yīng)該小睡一會。故答案為D第二部分：詞語用法和短語結(jié)構(gòu)（共40題，20分考試時(shí)間為25分鐘）21. Having no money but _to know, he simply said he would go without dinnerA. not to want anyoneB. to want no oneC. wanted no oneD. not wanting anyone【答案】D【解析】but前后句子要保持一致，故選D項(xiàng)。22. Would you please _ the radio a little? Im doing my home work.A. turn down B. turning down C. turn off D. turning off【答案】A【解析】因后有a little表程度，所以只能是“調(diào)低”23. DreamoftheRedChamberis_worth_becausewecanlearnalotaboutthenoblefamiliesinthefeudalsociety.A. very; reading B. well; to be read C. well; reading D. very; to be read【答案】C【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。Sth be well worth doing 很值得做某事；用well 修飾worth,表示很，十分；24. Its no use _ so much money on clothesA. spend B. spent C. spending D. being spent答案C解析its no use doing sth為固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“是沒有用的”。25. I have two boys but _ of them likes sweetsA. both B. Neither C. either D. none答案B解析句意：我有兩個(gè)男孩，可是他們都不喜歡糖果。因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有neither 和none有可能是答案。而none用來表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物，而兩個(gè)人或物時(shí)通常用neither。26All the passengers _ in the accident were sent to the nearby hospital in no time.Ato find injured Bfinding injuredCto be found injured Dfound injured答案D解析。該題考查語法：非謂語。該句意為：所有事故中受傷的乘客都被及時(shí)送往附近的醫(yī)院。首先要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，該句主語是all the passengers，謂語是were sent to，空白處所要填的詞是用來修飾主語的。主語all the passengers和選項(xiàng)中的findinjured這一動詞之間的關(guān)系為被動事故中的乘客被發(fā)現(xiàn)受傷，所以在表示被動語態(tài)的C和D中選；從表示過去時(shí)態(tài)的謂語were sent to又可以發(fā)現(xiàn)該句描述的是過去發(fā)生的事，而C中的to是一個(gè)表示將來的動詞不定式符號，所以選D。D中的found是find的過去分詞，后置做定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從句that/who have been found injured。27The big fire lasted as long as 24 hours _ it was brought under control.Aafter Bbefore Csince Dwhile答案B解析。該題考查語法：時(shí)間狀語從句。該句意為：大火在得到控制前持續(xù)了整整24個(gè)小時(shí)?？瞻滋幥昂蠼詾橹髦^完整的句子，由此可見空白處所需的為一個(gè)連詞，而四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)皆可做連詞，只不過語義以及主從時(shí)態(tài)略有區(qū)別。after在之后，before在之前，since自從，while相當(dāng)于when，當(dāng)。since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，與該題時(shí)態(tài)不符，所以排除，其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)依其語義來看，before最符合28In this workshop, the output of July was three times _ of January.Athat Bthis Cone Dit答案A解析。該題考查語法：英文倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方法之一：the+計(jì)量名詞+of+A+be+倍數(shù)+that+of+B。該句意為：這間工廠七月份的產(chǎn)量是一月份的三倍。29Seeing her father come back, _.Atears ran down her cheeks Bher tears ran outCshe burst into tears Dtears burst into her答案C解析。該題考查語法：非謂語動詞作狀語。該句意為：看見她爸爸回來了，她眼淚奪眶而出。非謂語作狀語時(shí)，主語必須是非謂語的邏輯主語，句首的現(xiàn)在分詞seeing其真正的主語是she，只有C的主語是she而其他選項(xiàng)的邏輯主語都是tears，所以選C。30_ singer and _ dancer is also good at drawing.AThe; a BThe; the CA; a DThe; /答案D解析。該題考查語法：冠詞的省略。該句意為：這個(gè)歌手兼舞者也擅長畫畫。該句謂語動詞為is，由此可知主語應(yīng)該為單數(shù)，所以singer和dancer應(yīng)該是一個(gè)人所同時(shí)具備的兩種身份而不是兩個(gè)人。當(dāng)兩個(gè)并列名詞指的是同一個(gè)人時(shí)，后一名詞前的不定冠詞通常省略，所以選D。31. Its such a difficult problem _no one can work it out.A. as B. that C. so D.答案B解析本題主要考查suchthat從句這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，本句的意思是：這是一個(gè)如此難的問題，以致于沒有人能夠解決它。such 后面跟的中心詞必須是名詞(problem)，在這里要和sothat從句區(qū)分一下。so后面要加形容詞或者副詞。其他選項(xiàng)均不能搭配。32. Id rather you _there next week.A. went B. go C. should have gone D. had gone答案A解析would rather 后面接句子時(shí)往往用虛擬語氣，謂語的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)的形式。故選A33By the end of this term, we_3,000 English words in all.A will learn B. will have learned C. have learned D. had learned答案B解析本題主要考查將來完成時(shí)，根據(jù)句意：到這個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)總共學(xué)習(xí)了3000個(gè)英語單詞?？芍钦f明將來的情況，故用將來完成時(shí)，應(yīng)該選B。A選項(xiàng)是將來時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，同樣地，如果改成by the end of last term,本題就選D項(xiàng)，表示截止到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，產(chǎn)生的影響和結(jié)果。34._ is known to all, the earth moves around the sun once a year.A That B. As C. What D. It答案B解析本題考查的是as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，as 指代后面的整個(gè)句子，句意為：正如大家所知道的，地球一年繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)一圈。這種表達(dá)方式已經(jīng)相對固定了如果此處填it ,這句話應(yīng)該這樣表達(dá)：It is known to all that the earth moves around the sun once a year. that the earth moves around the sun once a year是主語從句后置，it 只是個(gè)形式主語。選項(xiàng)that 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。35._I admit that she has shortcomings. I still like her.A. When B. As C. While D. Once答案C解析本題主要考查連詞，也就是主從復(fù)合句中主句和從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意：我承認(rèn)她有缺點(diǎn)，但我依然喜歡她。可知此處是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，when 當(dāng)時(shí)候；as 既可以表示當(dāng)時(shí)候，也可以表示原因；once一旦表示條件；while可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選C.36. To our great_ , Toms illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.A. anxiety B. relief C. view D. judgment答案D解析本題主要考查名詞的辨析, anxiety焦慮，relief安慰，view觀點(diǎn)，judgment判斷。根據(jù)句意：使我們感到安慰的是湯姆的病沒有像我們的擔(dān)心的那樣嚴(yán)重。37. The meeting is to begin at 4:00 p.m., but as assistants, were_to be there a bit earlier.A. invited B. su