譯林版高中英語牛津版必修一學(xué)案（湖南省專用）：情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣.doc

鍵入文字情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣1.(2011全國卷,32)they _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.a.will b.can c.must d.should答案 d解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“他們本該午飯時到達，但他們的航班推遲了?！眞ill have done將來可以完成；can have done可能做過嗎？表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句；must have done一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測；should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實際沒做。but their flight was delayed這樣的結(jié)果，說明他們本來該到達卻沒有到達，因此選d。2.(2011全國卷ii,8)if you _ smoke, please go outside.a. can b. should c. must d. may答案 c解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“如果你非得要抽煙，請到外面去抽。”must (表示主張)一定要，堅持要。根據(jù)后一句please go outside的要求，選c。3.（2011北京卷,24）i dont really like james. why did you invite him?dont worry. he _ come. he said he wasnt certain what his plans were.a. must not b. need not c. would not d. might not答案 d解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“我真不喜歡james。你為何請了他？別擔(dān)心。他可能來不了。他說他的計劃還沒安排好?！鳖}干中的he wasnt certain說明他可能不來，可能來，因此使用不完全否定might not。選d。4.（2011北京卷,28）where are the children? the dinners going to be completely ruined.i wish they _ always late.a. werent b. hadnt been c. wouldnt be d. wouldnt have been答案 a解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“孩子們哪兒去了？這頓飯快要吃不起來了。我但愿他們不要老是遲到?！眞ish引出虛擬語氣，題干中出現(xiàn)always，從句虛擬使用一般過去時。選a。5.（2011北京卷,30）maybe if i _ science, and not literature then, i would be able to give you more help.a. studied b. would study c. had studied d. was studying答案 c解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“或許當(dāng)初我要是學(xué)了理科而不是文科，現(xiàn)在就能給你更多的幫助。”then表示過去的時間，if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去的虛擬，因此使用過去完成時。選c。6.（2011天津卷,15）i _ sooner but i didnt know that they were waiting for me.a. had come b. was coming c. would come d. would have come答案 d解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“我本來可以早點來，但我真不知道他們在等我?！眀ut i didnt know表示了過去時間，因此前句是對過去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could /might + have done表達，故選d。7.（2011上海春招,27）some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world.a. mustnt b. wont c. mightnt d. shouldnt答案 b解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“現(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意走出家門接觸真正的世界?！眒ustnt禁止，不允許；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主觀性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意選b。8.（2011江蘇卷,34）i left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.how unbelievable to get it back! i mean, someone _ it.a. will have stolen b. might have stolen c. should have stolen d. must have stolen答案 b解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“我把我的手提包落在火車上了。但幸運的是，有人拾到交給了鐵路部門。失而復(fù)得，簡直難以置信！我是說，本來可能有人會偷了去。”willhave done將來可以完成，must have done一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測，都與題意不符。should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實際沒做，這就意味著希望有人偷包。mighthave stolen 過去可能做過，語氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)或不肯定，根據(jù)句意選b。9.（2011福建卷,25）shall i inform him of the change of the schedule right now?i am afraid you _, in case he comes late for the meeting .a.will b.must c.may d.can答案 b解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“需要我現(xiàn)在就通知他計劃有變嗎？恐怕你得這樣做，以防他開會遲到?！眒ust (表示必要、命令或強制)必須,得。根據(jù)后半句，選b。10.（2011福建卷,34）pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.i _ it, but i was busy preparing for a job interview.a.attended b.had attended c.would attend d.would have attended答案 d解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“真可惜你錯過了那場有關(guān)核污染的講座。我本可以去聽的，但我當(dāng)時忙于工作面試?！睂^去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could /might + have done表達，故選d。11.（2011安徽卷, 26）what do you think of store shopping in the future?personally, i think it will exist along with home shopping but _.a. will never replace b. would never replacec. will never be replaced d. would never be replaced答案 c解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“你對將來的商店購物怎么看？我個人認(rèn)為會與在家購物并存，但商店購物不會被取代?！备鶕?jù)i think it will exist along with homeshopping，排除虛擬的選項d，這是表示將來的時間，考慮到被動語態(tài)，選c。12.(2011浙江卷,11)hows your new babysitter?we _ ask for a better one. all our kids love her so much.a. should b.might c. mustnt d. couldnt答案 d解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“你的新保姆怎么樣？找不到更好的了。我們的孩子們很喜歡她?！眘hould應(yīng)該；might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根據(jù)句意選d。13.（2011四川卷,20）the police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they _.a.can b.may c.must d.should答案 a解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“警方依然沒有找到失蹤的孩子，但他們現(xiàn)在正在做他們所能做的一切?！眂an可以，能夠；may可能，許可；must必須；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意，選a。14.（2011重慶卷,25）why didnt you come to simons party last night? i wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.a. could b. might c. would d. should答案 c解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“昨晚你為什么沒來參加simon的聚會？我想來的，但我媽媽就是不愿我這么晚出來。”could可以，能夠，表示可能性或用于婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣；might可能，表示不確定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should應(yīng)該，表示建議、命令、決定等。根據(jù)題意選c。15.（2011陜西卷,22）i _ through that bitter period without your generous help.a. couldnt have gone b. didnt go c. wouldnt go d. hadnt gone答案 a解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“沒有你的慷慨幫助，我是不可能度過那段痛苦的時期的?！眛hat bitter period表示過去的時間，對過去的虛擬語氣用主語+should / would / could /might + have done表達，故選a。16.（2011陜西卷,24）will you read me a story ,mummy?ok. you _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.a. might b. must c. could d. shall答案 d解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“媽媽，可以讀一個故事給我聽嗎？好的，如果你馬上上床睡覺的話。”shall 用于陳述句中的第二、第三人稱時,表示說話人的意圖、允諾、警告、命令、決心等，題中是母親對兒子的承諾，故選d。17.（2011湖南卷,28）no one _ be compared with yao ming in playing basketball.a. can b. need c. must d. might答案 a解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“在打籃球方面沒人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能夠；need需要；must必須；might可能。故根據(jù)題意，選a。18.(2011遼寧卷,21)if you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over.a. can b. may c. must d. will答案 c解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“如果你非得走話，至少也要等到這暴風(fēng)雨過去后?！眂an可以，能夠；may 可能，許可；must(表示主張)一定要，堅持要；will將要，愿意。根據(jù)后句的勸告，選c。19.（2011江西卷23）it _ be the postman at the door. its only six oclock.a. mustnt b.cant c.wont d.neednt答案：b解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“不可能是郵遞員在門口，才六點鐘呢?！眒ustnt 禁止，不允許；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根據(jù)后一句中“現(xiàn)在僅僅是六點”，only一詞肯定語氣強烈，前一句為門外的絕不可能是郵遞員。故選b。20.（2011江西卷28）we _ johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.a.will put b. will have put c. would put d. would have put答案：b解析：考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“要不是因為他最近受傷，我們本應(yīng)該把john的名字加進昨天的比賽名單中?！眀ut for 是虛擬語氣的提示，yesterday表示過去的時間。對過去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達，故選b。2010年高考題1. （10安徽32）jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled mana. would be b. would have been c. must be d. must have been 答案：d. 考點：本題考查情態(tài)動詞推測用法。解析：句意為“杰克把他的父親描述為一個意志堅強的人，他的父親多年前肯定很勇敢?！庇胢ust have been表示對過去事情的肯定推測。2.（10湖南23） you buy a gift, but you can if you want to.a. must b. mustnt c. have to d. dont have to 答案：d考點：情態(tài)動詞解析：dont have to 意為“沒有必要”，符合語境，句意為：“你沒有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買。”3. （10江西23） i have told you the truth. _ i keep repeating it?a must b can c may d will答案：a考點：考察情態(tài)動詞的用法。解析： must 必須, 一定 can 可以, 能夠 may 也許 will 意愿, 傾向性動作, 前半句說我告訴你事實了, 這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時, 表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響, 既然我已經(jīng)說了, 我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？4. （10山東25）i_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. a. shouldnt b. neednt c. couldnt d. mustnt答案：a考點：本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。解析：句意應(yīng)為“我本來不應(yīng)該看那部電影的-它會使我做噩夢的?！北硎尽氨緛聿粦?yīng)該做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以a項正確。5. （10天津9）mark have hurried. after driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.a. neednt b. wouldnt c. mustnt d. couldnt 答案：a. 考點：考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：邁克本來不必要那么忙的。這么高速駕駛之后，他早半個小時到達了。解析：根據(jù)后面的語境，提前半個小時到達，說明mark本來不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來不必要做某事的而實際上做了”。6. （10四川3） i take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mim afraid not.a. will b. may c. must d. need答案：b考點：考查情態(tài)動詞。解析：表請求可用情態(tài)動詞can, may, could, might ,表允許用can, may.句意為：“我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？”“恐怕不行”。故應(yīng)選表情請求的情態(tài)動詞may。正確答案為b。w_w*w.高考試題庫.c_o m7. （10全國29）.just be patient .you _ expect the world to change so soon .a. cant b. neednt c. may not d. whether 答案：a句意：耐心一點兒，你不能期望世界變化如此快。解答：通過選項此題考察情態(tài)動詞，cant在否定句中可以表示推測，譯為不可能，可以表示能力，譯為不能夠，也可以表示命令，不允許，但是語氣比mustnt弱，具有勸慰的意思，根據(jù)句意此題中選擇a，cant表示勸慰。8. （10江蘇25） i havent got the reference book yet, but ill have a test on the subject next month. dont worry. you_ have it by friday.a. could b. shall c. must d. may w_答案：b，解析：shall在第二人稱中表示允諾，還可以表示強制，命令，威脅，警告。還有在法律條文中的要求或規(guī)定。9. （0陜西 23） may i take this book out of the reading room? no, you . you read it in here. a. mightnt b. wont c. neednt d. mustnt答案：d解析：考查情態(tài)動詞。英語中用could，might表示詢問或征求意見的問句中，肯定性應(yīng)答要用can或may來代替could或might，而may或might征求意見的問句否定應(yīng)答時要用mustnt，故本題選d。10. （10全國17）im afraid mr. harding _see you now. hes busy.a. cant b. mustnt c. shouldnt d .neednt答案：a解析：情態(tài)動詞考查。結(jié)合語境，根據(jù)情態(tài)動詞用于疑問或否定推測時，要用cant。11. （10湖北79） its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)答案：cant/ couldnt have done it考點：情態(tài)動詞解析：當(dāng)要對過去進行肯定的推測時，要用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的結(jié)構(gòu)12（10遼寧26）.doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.acan bwill cmust dmay答案：c句意：醫(yī)生說鍛煉對身體重要，但是必須是有規(guī)律的鍛煉。解析：考查情態(tài)動詞。can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“許可，可能”；must表示“必須”。13. （10北京23） -good morning. ive got an appointment with miss smith in the personnel department. -ah, good morning. you be mrs. peters. a. might b. must c. would d. can答案：b考點:本題考查情態(tài)動詞在語境中的運用。解析：第一個說話人說和史密斯小姐有約，那下面的人就回應(yīng)說，那您一定就是mrs. peters了因此排除a,c.d14. （10浙江17） “you _ have a wrong number,” she said. “theres no one of that name here.”a. need b. can c. must d. would 答案：c考點：情態(tài)動詞 15. （10上海29）-sorry, professor smith. i didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.a. must b. mustnt c. should d. shouldnt答案：c考點：本題考查的是虛擬語氣解析：此處表示和過去事實相反的情況，應(yīng)該用should + have + 過去分詞。本來應(yīng)該做，而未做16. （10安徽26） bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_a. was busy b. is busy c. had been busy. d. will be busy 答案：a. 考點：本題考查虛擬語氣與時態(tài)。解析：前句表示對過去的虛擬，而but之后表示過去的客觀事實，故用一般過去時態(tài)。17. （10湖南29） if he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. a. followed b. should follow c. had followed d. would follow 答案：c考點：考查虛擬語氣。解析：根據(jù)“wouldnt have lost”可判斷if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示與過去事實相反的虛擬，故選c項。18. （10天津15） john went to the hospital alone. if he me about it, i would have gone with him.a. should tell b. tells c. told d. had told 答案：d. 考點：考查虛擬語氣。句意：約翰獨自去了醫(yī)院。如果他告訴我的話，我會跟他一起去的。解析：前一句是陳述語氣，說明動發(fā)生在過去，而且后一句的主句已經(jīng)是would have gone說明是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。與之對應(yīng)的從句結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)該用had +過去分詞。19（10江蘇34）. george is going to talk about the geography of his country, but id rather he_ more on its culture.a. focus b. focused c. would focus d. had focused答案：選b 解析：would rather后應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，表示與現(xiàn)在時間相反，用動詞的過去式20.（10陜西15）if we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. a. take b. had taken c. took d. have taken答案：b.解析：考查虛擬語氣。所填詞做虛擬語氣中條件狀語從句的謂語，根據(jù)主句的謂語動詞形式might have arrived可知題干是與過去事實相反，故所填部分用had+過去分詞形式，選b。21. （10湖北76） mr. johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (討論) at the meeting. (discuss)答案：(should) be discussed考點：虛擬語氣解析：“insist”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句要用虛擬，從句結(jié)構(gòu)是 “should”（可省略）加動詞原形，主語 “problem” 是要“被討論”。22.（10北京34）-the weather has been very hot and dry. -yes. if it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! and my vegetables . a. wouldnt die b. didnt die www.學(xué)優(yōu)高考網(wǎng).com/gaokao/beijing c. hadnt died d. wouldnt have died www.學(xué)優(yōu)高考網(wǎng).com/gaokao/beijing答案：d考點：本題考查虛擬語氣中對過去的虛擬。解析：第二個說話人的if條件句是我們選擇正確答案的關(guān)鍵。要是當(dāng)時下雨了，現(xiàn)在的情況就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不會死了。過去沒有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是發(fā)生在過去。而將句子還原則為if it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldnt have died.if+ had done,主句為couldnt/ shouldnt/ wouldnt have done.23（10浙江10）had i known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .awould have been savedbhad been saved cwill be saveddwas saved答案： a考點：本題考查虛擬語氣。解析：根據(jù)句子的倒裝特征判斷此處是省略了if的虛擬語氣，原形是：if i had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故選擇a。句意為：如果我早知道這個電腦程序，就可以節(jié)省大量的時間和精力了。2009年高考題1. (09安徽29) some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.a. must b. may c. should d. would答案 b2. (09北京25) one of the few things you _ say about english people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.a. need b. must c. should d. can答案b3. (09福建35) but for the help of my english teacher, i the first prize in the english writing competition.a. would not win b. would not have won c. would win d. would have won答案b 解析 虛擬語氣。此處虛擬語氣表示與過去事實相反，句子謂語動詞用would/should/could/might + have done結(jié)構(gòu)，故選b。4. (09湖南30) its the office! so you know eating is not allowed here. oh, sorry.a. must b. will c. may d. need答案a 解析 句意為：這是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示“絕不”的意思。5. (09海南25) what do you mean, there are only ten tickets? there be twelvea. should b. would c. will d. shall答案 a 解析 你這是什么意思，只有十張票嗎?應(yīng)該有十二人。should表示“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”。6. (09上海27) it_ have been tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.a. may b. can c. must d. should答案 c7. (09四川13) i dont care what people think.well, you _a. could b. would c. should d. might答案 c解析 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。答話的人提了一個建議你應(yīng)該關(guān)注別人對你的評價的。should可以用來向別人提建議，所以答案為：c8. (09天津15) this printer is of good quality. if it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.a. would b. should c. could d. might答案 b9. (09重慶32) hi, tom. anyideawherejaneis?she_intheclassroom. isawhertherejustnow.a. shallbe b. shouldhavebeen c. mustbe d. mighthavebeen答案c10. (09全國20) i cant leave. she told me that i stay here until she comes back.a. can b. must c. will d. may答案 b11. (09江蘇28) he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.a. could express b. would expressc. could have expressed d. must have expressed答案 c2008年高考題1.(08全國17)lizawell not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.a.willb.canc.mustd.may答案 d解析 句意為：liza極有可能不想去旅行她討厭旅行。may well很可能，極有可能，表示猜測。當(dāng)表示猜測時，will和can不能與well連用，must只能用于肯定句中。2.(08北京21)john promised his doctor henot smoke， and he has never smoked ever since.a.mightb.shouldc.couldd.would答案 d解析 句意為:約翰答應(yīng)醫(yī)生他不再吸煙，從那以后，他再也沒有吸過煙。由句意可知空格處表示允諾，故應(yīng)選擇d項。3.(08天津6)shehave left school， for her bike is still here.a.cantb.wouldntc.shouldntd.neednt答案 a解析 句意為：她不可能離開了學(xué)校，因為她的自行車仍然在這兒。cant表示不可能；wouldnt have done表虛擬；shouldnt have done本不該做(卻已做了）；neednt have done本沒必要做(但已做了）。4.(08江西26)what a pity!considering his ability and experience， hebetter.a.need have doneb.must have donec.can have doned.might have done答案 d解析 句意為：太遺憾了！鑒于他的能力和經(jīng)驗，他本可能做得更好。need have done本來有必要做（而沒做）；must have done是對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的推測，表示“過去一定做了”；can have done是對過去發(fā)生的事情的不肯定的推測；might have done表示“本來可以”。5.(08湖南28)you dont have to know the name of the author to find a book.youfind the book by the title.a.mustb.needc.cand.would答案 c解析 句意為：要找到一本書你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根據(jù)書的標(biāo)題找到這本書。can表示“可以，能夠”。6.(08陜西9)what sort of house do you want to have? something big?well， itbe bigthats not important.a.mustntb.needntc.cantd.wont答案 b解析 句意為：“你想要什么樣的房子？要大的嗎？”“噢，它不需要很大，那不重要?！庇?thats not important.這一語境可知，空格處應(yīng)表示“不需要”，故須用neednt。7.(08四川10)although thissound like a simple task，great care is needed.a.mustb.mayc.shalld.should答案 b解析 句意為：盡管這聽起來可能像一項簡單的任務(wù)，但是需要非常仔細(xì)。must一定，必須；may可能，可以；shall將要；should應(yīng)該。各自表達的意義不同，選may最妥當(dāng)。8.(08重慶30)i cant find my purse anywhere.youhave lost it while shopping.a.mayb.canc.shouldd.would答案 a解析 may表達推測之意，意為“可能”。9.(08浙江11)yoube hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!a.wouldntb.cantc.mustntd.neednt答案 b解析 句意為：你不可能餓了，你兩個小時之前才吃的午飯！cant指不可能；mustnt表猜測時，不能用于否定句；neednt指沒有必要。10.(08福建24)it is usually warm in my hometown in march，but itbe rather cold sometimes.a.mustb.canc.shouldd.would答案 b解析 must必然，一定；can可能；should應(yīng)該；would（過去）將，總會。本題提供的語境是“有時可能會”。11.(08遼寧22)peterbe really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.a.shallb.shouldc.cand.must答案 c解析 句意為：雖然彼得總體上來說是一個好人，但有時真的難以相處。can在這里不表示主觀的推測，而表示客觀的可能性。12.(08江蘇35)im sorry.iat you the other day.forget it.i was a bit out of control myself.a.shouldnt shoutb.shouldnt have shoutedc.mustnt shoutd.mustnt have shouted答案 b解析 句意為：“對不起，幾天前我本不應(yīng)該朝你大喊大叫的?！薄安灰旁谛纳?。我自己有點情緒失控?！眘houldnt have done sth.本不應(yīng)該做某事(但已經(jīng)做了)。13.(08山東24)thank you for all your hard work last week.i dont think weit without you.a.can manageb.could have managedc.could managed.can have managed答案 b解析 could have done本能夠做某事（但沒做）。2004-07年高考題a組1.(07全國27)hows your tour around the north lake? is it beautiful?itbe， but it is now heavily polluted.a.willb.wouldc.shouldd.must答案 c解析 考查情態(tài)動詞的區(qū)別。will可用來表示“意愿；客觀必然性等”；would可表示“意愿；過去常常（現(xiàn)在也可能是那樣的）”；should表示“應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)”；must表示“必然；一定，準(zhǔn)是”。結(jié)合語境可知，此處用should表示虛擬。句意為：“這本來應(yīng)該是美麗的，但是現(xiàn)在它被嚴(yán)重污染了?！?.(07北京26)in crowde