九年級(jí)英語Unit_3被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件人教版新目標(biāo).ppt

被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1 Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes 2 Englishisspokenbymanypeople 4 Lucky52iswatchedonTVbymanypeople 3 Theticketsaboutheroesaresoldout 5 RiceisplantedinSouthChina 6 Heissaidagoodboy 語態(tài) 表示主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系 英語有兩種語態(tài) 即主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài) 主動(dòng)語態(tài) 表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者 如 ManystudentsstudyEnglish 主動(dòng)語態(tài) Englishisstudiedbymanystudents 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 語態(tài) 助動(dòng)詞be有人稱 數(shù)的變化 其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)一樣 如 Thedeskismadeofwood Thedesksaremadeofwood Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 助動(dòng)詞be 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 不同的時(shí)態(tài)有不同的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) 1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) bymanystudents 主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法 1 ManystudentsstudyEnglish English isstudied 2 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory Shoes aremade bythem inthatfactory 主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法 1 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語 2 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的謂語 3 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的by短語 by短語可以省 by短語后跟代詞的賓格 bytheteacher 3 Theteacheroftenaskshimquestions He isasked questions 1 找賓語 即動(dòng)作的承受者 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory Shoes 2 判斷賓語的單復(fù)數(shù) 即be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù) aremade 3 判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 4 修改謂語的形式 即原句動(dòng)詞改為過去分詞 5 修改原句的主語 即by 賓語 原主語 bythem 主變被解題步驟 主變賓 賓變主 謂動(dòng)bedone時(shí)不變 人稱 數(shù) 格隨著變 TheyplayfootballonSunday Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening Theyoftenusecomputersinclass WemakethesemachinesinBeijing FootballisplayedbythemonSunday ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing Practice 肯定句 主語 be 過去分詞 by 否定句 主語 benot 過去分詞 by 一般疑問句 Be 主語 過去分詞 by 特殊疑問句 疑問詞 be 主語 過去分詞 by bymanystudents English isstudied bymanystudents English isnotstudied 句式 IsEnglishstudiedbymanystudents WhoisEnglishstudiedby ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing FootballisplayedbythemonSunday Practice 1 Theyboughttencomputerslastterm bythemlastterm 2 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) was were 過去分詞 lastyear 2 Weplantedmanytreeslastyear Manytrees wereplanted Tencomputers werebought Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow Theyusedthisroomforresting Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem 3 一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) willbe 過去分詞 1 Theywillfinishtheworkintendays bythemintendays Thework willbefinished 2 Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow Theroom willbecleaned by Tom tomorrow Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon 4 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) can may must should be 過去分詞 1 AmycantakegoodcareofGina byAmy Gina canbetakengoodcareof 2 Youshoulddrinkmorewater Morewater shouldbedrunk byyou 1 Hecantakecareofthebaby 2 Lucymaydrawthepictures 3 Youmustturnoffthelights 4 TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem 5 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) is am are being 過去分詞 1 Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow bysomeworkersnow Therooms arebeingpainted 2 HeiswatchingTV TV isbeingwatched byhim 6 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) have has been 過去分詞 1 Wehavemadetwentymorekeys byus Twentymorekeys havebeenmade 2 Wehavefinishedourcompositions Ourcompositions havebeenfinished byus 表格 被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu) am is aredone was weredone am is arebeingdone was werebeingdone shall will begoingtobedone wouldbedone have hasbeendone hadbeendone Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren 這些書是為兒童寫的 Ihaven tbeentoldaboutit 沒有人告訴我這件事 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法 1 不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰 It s wassaid believed reported that It sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake 據(jù)報(bào)道 這次地震中大約有三百人死亡 2 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者 這時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語 ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid 3 作客觀說明時(shí) 常采用一種被動(dòng)語態(tài)句型 如 1 Hegavemeabook Iwasgivenabookbyhim 以I做主語 AbookwasgiventomebyTom 以物book作主語 2 HeteachesusEnglish WearetaughtEnglishbyhim 以人當(dāng)主語 Englishistaughttousbyhim 以物作主語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種類型 1 帶雙賓語句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 指物的賓語叫直接賓語 指人的賓語叫間接賓語 常見的接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有 to pass give teach show bring handfor make buy draw sing get 以 人 當(dāng)主語時(shí) 變法和一般的變法一樣 以 物 當(dāng)主語時(shí) 在保留的間接賓語前必須加to或for keep make三類的動(dòng)詞常常有賓語補(bǔ)足語 在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中 賓語補(bǔ)足語位置不變 Wekeepfoodfreshinthefridge 主謂賓賓補(bǔ) Foodiskeptfreshinthefridge Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding 2 含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 不及物動(dòng)詞沒有賓語 因此沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài) 但有的不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞之后 其作用相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞 可以接賓語 因而也可以變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài) 在變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí) 不能去掉構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞 Theytakegoodcareofmychild Mychildistakengoodcareof Iturnedofftheradio Theradiowasturnedoff byme 3 含有短語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài) 下列這些短語本身即是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式 不需再加 bybecoveredwith 用 覆蓋著beinterestedin 對(duì) 感興趣besurprisedat 對(duì) 感到驚奇bemadeof from 用 制造的 動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)takecareof betakencareofcutdown becutdownlaughat belaughedatlookafter belookedafter 即feel hear listen have make let look watch see notice 這些詞在主動(dòng)句中 其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不加to 但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加to 1 IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday He wasseen toplaybasketballlastSunday 2 Weheardthemsingintheclassroom They washeard tosingintheclassroom 4 感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1 當(dāng)主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞時(shí) 不能改為被動(dòng)語態(tài) Weoftenhelpeachother 我們常?；ハ鄮椭?2 當(dāng)謂語是表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí) 如have like takeplace belongto 如 Iliketheseflowers 我喜歡這些花 Iwillhaveameeting 不說Ameetingwillbehad 應(yīng)說Ameetingwillbeheld 5 不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種情況 把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài) Acarknockedhimdownyesterday 2 Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam 3 WhenIgotthere theywerecuttingupafallentree Afallentreewasbeingcutup whenIgotthere Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo Practice 4 We llputontheplaynextSunday 5 Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool 6 Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear 填空 完成被動(dòng)語態(tài)填空 1 Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool 改為被動(dòng)語態(tài) Theirclassroom often bythemafterschool 2 LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek 同上 Anewpen Tomlastweek is cleaned wasgivenby Practice 3 AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow 同上 English byalotofpeopleinChinanow 4 IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears 同上 English forabouttwoyears 5 Theywillpublishthesestory booksnextmonth 同上 Thesestory books nextmonth canbespoken hasbeenlearned willbepublished 6 Anotherman madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek 濟(jì)南市中考題 anotherman madesatelliteintospacelastweek 變主動(dòng)語態(tài)7 Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear Trees bypeopletherelastyear 青島市中考題 8 Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm Thevegetables onthefarm 上海市中考題 Theysentup wereplanted aregrown 中考題 1 Insomecountries tea withmilkandsugar A isservingB isservedC servesD served2 Greatchanges inmyhometownsince1980 A havebeentakenplaceB tookplaceC havetakenplaceD weretakenplace 3 Thenewtypeofcarisgoingto inthreeyears A turnoutB beturnedoutC hasturnedoutD havebeenturnedout4 Thewomanmurderedherfriendand to A wassentenced deathB sentencing dieC sentenced deathD sentenced die 被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 選擇填空 5 Doyouliketheskirt It soft A isfeelingB feltC feelsD isfelt6 Areyoustillhere Youwerehereanhourago Who for A areyouwaitingB didyouwaitC wereyouwaitingD doyouwait 7 toknowProfessorZhang A HesaidB IsaidC HeissaidD Itsays8 Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow Sorry already A ittookB ittakesC itistakingD ithasbeentaken 9 Theletter threedaysagoandit yesterday A hadpost hadarrivedB wasposted arrivedC posted arrivedD hadbeenposted wasarrived10 Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination nextThursday A isgivenB willbegivenC wouldhavegivenD wouldbegiven 11 Water intoice A willchangedB mustbechangedC shouldchangeD canbechanged12 Plays twiceamonthinthattheatre A putonB areputonC wasputonD oftenputon 13 Thebirds flyawaylastSaturday A lettoB islettoC wasletD wereletto14 Astrangesound yesterdayevening A washeardB hearsC heardD isheard15 Abeautifulbike himbyhisclassmates A senttoB willsenttoC wassenttoD willbesentfor 16 MissChen just tospeakatthemeeting A has beenaskedB hasbeen askedC Havebeen askedD have beenasked17 Meat outinthisshop Wecan now A havebeensold getnothingB hasbeensold getnothingC hasbeensold getsomeD havebeen