過去分詞練習(xí)題.doc

過去分詞過去分詞是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種，從語法功能分析，過去分詞兼有動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞的特性， 可以在句子當(dāng)中做定語，表語，賓語補(bǔ)足語，狀語。過去分詞常與邏輯主語之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)或者完成。1. 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作表語,與句子主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示主語的狀態(tài),不但表示被動(dòng),還表示已完成了. The cup is broken. 茶杯破了. 2. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作表語,與句子主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示主語的狀態(tài),只表示動(dòng)作的完成. He is retired. 他已退休. 3. 有些過去分詞作表語時(shí),構(gòu)成的謂語很接近被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu). 一、當(dāng)過去分詞作為表語The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 這座城市三面環(huán)山. 【注意】過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別:過去分詞作表語,主要是表示主語的狀態(tài),而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作. (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被動(dòng)語態(tài),表示動(dòng)作) (2) The library is now closed. 圖書館關(guān)門了.(過去分詞作表語) 【注意】過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成, -ing 形式表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行.有些動(dòng)詞如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其過去分詞形式來修飾人,用 -ing 形式來修飾物. (3) The book is interesting and Im interested in it. 這本書很有趣,我對(duì)它很感興趣. 二、當(dāng)過去分詞作為定語 作定語用的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語,既表被動(dòng)又表完成;不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語,只表完成. 1. 過去分詞用作定語,如果是單個(gè)的,常置于其所修飾的名詞之前. 分詞短語位于其修飾詞后面。We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況. 看看那些碎了的玻璃瓶。2. 過去分詞短語用作定語時(shí),一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后,其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句,但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔,多用于書面語中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂會(huì)大為成功. 穿著白衣服的小姑娘是瑪麗。3.過去分詞短語有時(shí)也可用作非限制性定語,前后常有逗號(hào). 他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會(huì),到會(huì)的有五千多人. 4. 用來修飾人的過去分詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物,這種過去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人,但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān). The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視. 三、當(dāng)過去分詞作為狀語 1. 過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語表示被動(dòng)的和完成的動(dòng)作. (1)因?yàn)閷懙么颐?這篇文章不是很好. 【注意】written 為過去分詞作狀語,表示這篇文章是被寫的,而且已經(jīng)被寫. 值得注意的是,有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語時(shí)不表被動(dòng)而表主動(dòng).這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (駐扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿著); tired of (厭煩). (2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.因?yàn)槌聊缬谒伎贾?所以他沒聽到那個(gè)聲音. 2. 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主語,此時(shí)應(yīng)注意人稱一致. 再給我一個(gè)小時(shí),我也能解這道題.從山頂看城市,城市顯得更漂亮 【注意】如果過去分詞作狀語時(shí),前面再加邏輯主語,主句的主語就不再是分詞的邏輯主語,這種帶邏輯主語的過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu). (1) Her head held high, she went by. 她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過去.(her head 是 held high 的邏輯主語,因此主句主語 she 就不再是held high 的邏輯主語.) (2) 信號(hào)一發(fā)出,汽車就開動(dòng)了.(_ 是_ 的邏輯主語,因此主句主語是_3. 過去分詞作狀語來源于狀語從句. (1)因?yàn)榱芰艘粓?chǎng)大雨,所以他全身濕透了. (2)_如果種在肥沃的土壤里,這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快.【注意】狀語從句改成過去分詞作狀語時(shí)有時(shí)還可保留連詞,構(gòu)成連詞+過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語. 當(dāng)你做體格檢查時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)定. 4. 過去分詞作狀語的位置.過去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語,后面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開. He stood there silently, moved to tears. = 他靜靜地站在那里,被感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶. 四、當(dāng)過去分詞作為賓語補(bǔ)足語 (一)能夠接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有以下四類: 1. 表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等. (1) 我聽到有人用英語唱過這首歌 (2) 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大. 2. 表示致使意義的動(dòng)詞.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等. (1) 明天我要理發(fā). (2) 他昨天把牙拔了. (3) Dont leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完. 3. 表示愛憎意愿的動(dòng)詞如want， wish， like， hate等后。如： (1) I wanted two tickets reserved. 我要預(yù)定兩張機(jī)票。 (2) 他不愿這事被提起。【注意】過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一定和賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系. (二)使役動(dòng)詞have接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種情況. 1. 過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成. He had his money stolen.他的錢給偷了.(被別人偷去了) 2. 過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語所經(jīng)歷.如: He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了. (自己的經(jīng)歷) 五、with +賓語+過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu) 此結(jié)構(gòu)中,過去分詞用作介詞 with的賓語補(bǔ)足語.這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間,方式,條件,原因等狀語. (1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來了,他的雙手被綁在背后.(表方式) (2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱,我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣.(表?xiàng)l件) (3) 事情得到解決,我們都回家了.(表原因) (4) 她站在他面前,眼睛注視著他. (5) 他仍然舉著手站了一會(huì)兒.練習(xí)1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring2. On getting to the kindergarten, the mother was glad to see her baby well _.A. looked for B. cared for C. take care of D. cared after3. The two old sisters, _ so long, held each other and burst into tears.A. being separated B. having been separatedC. having separated D. had been separated4. Lets have a rest. The _ work made me very _.A. tired; tired B. tiring; tiring C. tired; tiring D. tiring; tired5. Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone _ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.A. adding B. to have added C. to add D. added6. As we all know, newspapers, magazines and radios as well as television broadcasts can keep us _ about what is happening in the world.A. informing B. to inform C. informed D. being informed7. Everyone was _ by his _ progress which he made during the two months.A. surprised; surprise B. surprised; surprisedC. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprising8. When he turned around, he found a pair of eyes _ him.A. looking B. watch at C. fixing on D. staring at9. The film you saw last light was made _ on a true story that happened many years ago. A. base B. to be based C. based D. basing10. After _ his work, the teacher came to help me with my English.A. finished B. being finished C. having finished D. be finishing11. Follow the directions on the bottle carefully when _the medicine.A. you will take B. taking C. to take D. taken12. The students, _ their teachers, came home.A. followed B. follow C. following D. will follow 13. The long-lasting war, filled with blood and deaths, ended in peoples sadness, _ no result. A. reached B. to reach C. would reach D. reaching14. They spent the night _ in the room.A. having locked B. locking C. to be locked D. locked15. He wrote a letter to the king _.A. hoping to be set freeB. to set him freeC. so that be set free D. asked to be set free16. Steven has devoted all his life to _ films, and Kate, his wife, is also _ to the duty of her profession.A. make; devoted B. making; devoting C. making; devoted D. make; devoting17. _ in the dark, his head hit against a tree.A. Walking B. He was walking C. Walked D. When he was walking18. Time should be made good use _ our lessons well.A. of learning B. to learn C. to learning D. of to learn19. The film, _ true story of this Red Army general, attracted peoples interest all over the country.A. is based on B. is on the base ofC. which is the base of D. based upon20. She returned home from the market only to find the door open and a number of things_.A. stole B. missing C. missed D. losing21. _ it rains, we will stay at home.A. Supposed B. Supposing C. To suppose D. If suppose22. _ with yours, our library is _ too small a size.A. Comparing; in B. Comparing; of C. Compared; in D. Compared; of23. Its dangerous to carry a hot pan with _ oil.A. burning B. burnt C. burn D. burns24. We were told that the stone figure _ back to the 16th century was of great value.A. dated B. dating C. coming D. kept25. The boy lay on his back, his teeth _ and his glaring eyes _ straight upwards.A. set; looked B. set; looking C. setting; looked D. setting; looking26. _ in the forest, he had to ask for help by sending out signals.A. Having lost B. Losing C. Lost D. He was lost27. The Golden Gate Bridge, _ several hundred years ago, is worldwide famous.A. which is built B. which built C. having built D. built28. I suggested the cheat _ into prison.A. referred to being put B. referred be putC. referred should be put D. referred to be put29. _, I went out for a walk.A. There was nothing to do B. There being nothing to doC. There had nothing to do D. Had nothing to do30. He returned home to learn that the girl _ had been married the secretary village.A. became engaged to him B. was engaged to himC. engaged to him before D. got engaged to him31. _ at failing in the maths exam, John wouldnt like to talk about it to his parents.A. DisappointedB. To be disappointed C. Disappointing D. Having disappointed32. _ in the dark cave, he was not afraid of being found by _ enemy soldiers.A. Hidden; armed B. Hide; armed C. hidden; arm D. Hiding; armed33. To have the wonderful cloth _ new clothes, they had the machine _ all day long.A. made of; running B. made of; run C. made into; working D. made into; work34. The World Trade Organization finally opened its door to China on November 10, _ our Chinese 15- year wait. A. to end B. ended C. ending D. ends35. If _ in wet sand, the vegetables can_ fresh for a long time.A. being buried; remain B. buried; remainC. buried; be remained D. burying; remain36. _ over and over again, but he still couldnt understand.A. Having explainedB. having been explained C. Explaining D. It had been explained37. Everything _, the plan is fairly practical, you can put it into practice.A. considering B. taken into consideration C. to consider D. taking into consideration38. _ from the moon, our earth, with water _ seventy percent of its surface, appears as a “ blue ball”.A. Seen; covered B. seeing; covering C. Seen; covering D. To see; to cover39. A great big fellow, _around 250 pounds, walked with slow heavy noisy footsteps up to the producer counter in the supermarket.A. weighed B. weighing C. weighs D. weighty40. - The plan _ is of great importance to everybody. - I see. He is sure to finish it on time.A. made B. making C. to be made D. to make41. From the dates_ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked42. Hearing the good news, I felt a heavy load _ my mind.A. taking off B. to be taken off C. having taken off D. taken off43. The students were listening to the teacher, with their eyes _.A. widely open B. wide opened C. widely opened D. wide open44. The scientist came to the meeting with his wife _ him.A. being supported B. supporting C. supported D. support45. The noise of the machines _ can be clearly heard in our classroom.A. fixed B. being fixed C. to be fixed D. having been fixed46. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute _.A. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled47. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _ on benches, chairs, or boxes. A. having seated B. seating C. seated D. seat48. _ in this way, the situation doesnt seem so disappointing.A. To look at B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at49. _ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21,000.A. To be judged the best B. Having judged the bestC. Judged the best D. Judging the best50. The president promised to keep all the board members _ of how the negotiations were going on.A. inform B. informing C. be informed D. informed51. _ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing52. When the first English settlers arrived in the New World, the Indians _ jewellery made of animal bones greeted them warmly.A. wearing B. to wear C. worn D. having worn53. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed54. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced55. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned56. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited57. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt58. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded59. Having been attacked by terrorists, _.A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists60. _ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend anther two days on the farm.A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted61. The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his mother.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked62. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M.A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known63. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two days.A. Not completing B. Not completedC. Not having completed D. Not completed64. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry65.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting66. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change67. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _.A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted68. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked69. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappearedC. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing70. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player.A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given71. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken72. Friendship is like money: easier made than _.A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept73. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited74. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen75. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun76. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones health.A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed77. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _our heated discussion.A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interruptingC. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted 78. Mr Reed made up his mind to devoted all he had to _ some schools for poor children.A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up79. _ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered80. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out81. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being found B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding82. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung83. The _ boy was last seen _ near the East Lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play84. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given85. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.A. making B. makes C. made D. to make86. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose87. The lady said that she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remainC. rema