語法填空解題技巧 (共44張PPT).ppt

高考英語新題型 語法填空 RationalCloze Teachingobjectives 針對語法填空題 進(jìn)行命題分析 結(jié)合示例給予解題指導(dǎo) 題型分析 命題宗旨 旨在考查 語法和語用知識(shí) 綜合語言運(yùn)用能力 著重考查 題材 生活經(jīng)歷或成語故事 其內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)文化內(nèi)涵 或給人心靈以啟迪等 語篇形式 短文或?qū)υ?長度 200詞左右 命題特點(diǎn) 體裁 記敘文為主 純空格類 3 4個(gè)題 提示詞類 6 7個(gè)題 特別提醒 填的詞在3個(gè)以內(nèi) 命題形式 語法考點(diǎn) 實(shí)詞 動(dòng)詞 名詞 代詞形容詞 副詞 虛詞 連詞 介詞 代詞 冠詞 句法 詞法 復(fù)合句的引導(dǎo)詞 如定語從句 名詞性從句 狀語從句 閱讀和理解語篇分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)熟練運(yùn)用語法正確拼寫單詞 命題能力要求 四種能力 語法知識(shí)邏輯關(guān)系語篇標(biāo)志 固定詞組 詞匯知識(shí)生活常識(shí) 依據(jù) 解題思路 句型搭配 1 通讀全文 了解大意 2 試填空格 后難先易 3 重讀全文 解決難題 解題步驟 解題密招 純空格題的解題技巧 一般填代詞 冠詞 介詞 連詞 從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞 助動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞 2 根據(jù)句意 句子間的邏輯關(guān)系和固定搭配 確定具體填什么詞 有以下技巧 技巧1 缺主語或賓語 一定是填代詞或名詞 多考代詞 isafactthatChinaisstrongerthanbefore It 點(diǎn)撥 句子缺主語 應(yīng)填名詞或代詞 it指代真正的主語that before這個(gè)句子 技巧2 名詞前面的空格很可能是填限定詞 冠詞 形容詞性物主代詞 不定代詞 a Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage a 表示 一個(gè) 技巧3 句子不缺主語 表語 動(dòng)詞后不缺賓語的情況下 名詞或代詞前面 一定是填介詞 It sanhonourformetobeinvited aguestintheirhouse as 作為 語法知識(shí) 6 9 17 20 10 13 技巧4 若幾個(gè)單詞或短語之間沒有連詞 可能是填連詞 Shecameup gaveMotherabighug and 點(diǎn)撥 因cameup和gaveMotherabighug兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語之間沒有連詞 且兩者是并列關(guān)系 故填and 技巧5 若兩句之間沒有連詞也沒有分號(hào)或句號(hào) 一定是填連接詞 Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid grow higher but 表示轉(zhuǎn)折 但是 Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks wereborrowedfrommyfriend that 點(diǎn)撥 that是主句I books和定語從句之間的連接詞 技巧6 若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整 空格后的謂語動(dòng)詞是原形 特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí) 很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞 do does did等 ThebookwasgonebutI putitinTom sschoolbag did 確實(shí) 用來加強(qiáng)語氣 Neverbefore heheardofsuchstrangethings has 點(diǎn)撥 句子是倒裝句 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)且主語是第三人稱單數(shù) 技巧7 由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞 Itwas that 為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 ItwasafterIgothome Isawthetextmessage that Hewas wildwithjoythathejumped so 點(diǎn)津 so that 句型 括號(hào)內(nèi)有提示詞解題技巧 主要考查 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 非謂語形式 名詞 形容詞和副詞 提示詞是動(dòng)詞 作謂語 辨清時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 作非謂語 v ing v ed todo 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 副詞 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) 反義詞 名詞 提示詞是形容詞 提示詞是副詞 形容詞 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) 反義詞 名詞 提示詞是名詞 形容詞 副詞 復(fù)數(shù) 所有格 1 speak outyourinnerfeelingwon tmakeyoufeelashamed 解析 句中已有謂語won tmake 謂語前面應(yīng)為主語 故填非謂語動(dòng)詞Speaking Exercises Speaking 2 Suddenly he find thathehadrunoutofsalt found 做謂語且句子為一般過去時(shí) 3 Lessons learn insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople 點(diǎn)撥 過去分詞做后置定語 learned learnt 4 Theremustbesomething serious wrongwithoursociety 解析 要求填的詞修飾形容詞wrong 作狀語 用副詞 故填seriously seriously 5 Yourmistakecausedalotof necessity workintheoffice unnecessary adj 不必要的 修飾名詞work 6 Onceahabitisformed itisdifficult andsometimes possible togetridof impossible adj 不可能的 做is的表語 7 Thesepeoplehavemadegreat contribute toChinawiththeirwork contributions 8 Hetrainedeven hard thanbefore harder than和even都是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志 詞類轉(zhuǎn)化訣竅 歸納總結(jié) 副詞 名詞 形容詞 作主語 賓語填 作定語 表語 補(bǔ)足語填 修飾動(dòng)詞 形容詞 副詞 作狀語 填 真題再現(xiàn) 1 Will matterifyoudon ttakeyourbreakfast Ashorttimeago atest give intheUnitedSates Peopleofdifferent from12to83 wereaskedtohaveatest Duringtheexperiment thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfasts andsometimestheygot breakfastatall Specialtestsweresetuptosee welltheirbodiesworkedandwhentheyhadeaten certainkindofbreakfast 1 3 4 5 6 2 it wasgiven ages no how a Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast heorshewillworkwithbettereffect ifheorshehasnobreakfast Thisfactappearstobe especial trueifapersonworks hisbrains Forexample ifastudenteatsfruit eggs breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwith much attentioninclass 7 8 9 10 more than with especially 2 Ayoungman whiletravelingthroughadesert cameacrossaspringofclearwater 1 waterwassweet Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder 2 hadbeenhisteacher Afterafour dayjourney theyoungman 3 present thewatertotheoldman Histeachertookadeepdrink smiled 4 warm andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater Theyoungmanwenthome 5 ahappyheart Afterthestudentleft theteacherlet 6 studenttastethewater Hespititout 7 say itwasawful The who presented warmly with another saying Apparently itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer Heaskedhisteacher Sir thewaterwasawful Whydidyoupretendtolike 8 Theteacherreplied Youtastedthewater Itastedthegift Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove Nothingcouldbe 9 sweet Weunderstandthislessonbest 10 wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace theproperresponseisappreciation Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething it sweeter when 3 Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore Sherememberedhowdifficult1wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather Shewishedthathewasaseasy please ashermother whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume Besides shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot3pleasantexperience peoplesteppedonyourfeetor4 push youwiththeirelbows 肘部 hurryingaheadtogettoabargain Janepausedinfrontofacounter5someattractivetieswereondisplay Theyarerealsilk theassistanttriedtoattracther Worthdoublethe it pushed where 2 toplease a Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes7sale Shedidnothesitateforlong althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease8 WhenJanegothome withhersmallbutwell chosenpresentinherbag herparentswerealready9t