新標準大學英語綜合教程第五單元reading-practise.docx

There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-term and long-term goals. Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less or two weeks, or possible months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.Medium-term goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. They might deal with just one semester of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase. Long- term goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Yet life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals do not mean anything _.A. unless we complete our short-range goalsB. unless we remember them all the timeC. unless we write down the datesD. unless we put forward some plans2.When we complete each step of our goals, _.A. we will win final successB. we are overwhelmedC. we will build up confidence of successD. we should have strong desire for setting new goals3.It is implied but not stated in the passage that _.A. those who have long-term goals will succeedB. writing down the dates may discourage youC. a goal is only a guide for us to reach our destinationD. everyone should have a goalQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following passage or dialog.The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps 80 per cent of all human illnesses are related to diet and 40 per cent of cancer is related to diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic of these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates (硝酸鹽), commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic (會致癌的) additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin (青霉素) to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.4.What is the best possible title of the passage?A. Drug and FoodB. Cancer and HealthC. Food and HealthD. Health and Drug5.What has science done to mankind?A. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.B. Science has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.D. Scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.6.What are nitrates used for?A. They preserve flavor in packaged foods.B. They preserve the color of meats.C. They are the objects of research.D. They cause the animals to become fatter.7.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. We can always know what are helpful by reading the packaging labels of processed food.B. Medicine that animals take is beneficial to the human beings.C. The farmers give the animals medicine to make the meat cheaper.D. The FDA tried to control the medicine given to animals, but they are not very successful.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the following passage or dialog.There is perhaps, no other sport in the world quite as exciting as skiing. For viewers, it is a spectacle of unsurpassed beauty. For skiers, it is a vivid personal experience, a thrilling test of mind, muscle, and nerves. And more and more, Americans are discovering this thrill for themselves. Not too long ago, skiing had virtually no part in the American sports scene. If it was thought of at all, it was purely as a European sport. Then came the 1932 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, New York. Americans got their first good look at skiing and made for the hills. Today ski trains make regular runs from our cities to the great, white outdoors. Lodges dot the mountain sides offering skiers the warmth of their firesides.In addition to joy and excitement, skiing offers other attractions. It is a comparatively inexpensive sport, and, for the young, the art of skiing is often mastered in a very short time.The special thrill of skiing is well described by Buddy Werner. It is all up to you, he says. No teammates can help. Youre alone. Its you against the snow, the mountains, yourself. Youre a warrior (勇士).8.By the expression made for the hills (Para 1), the writer means that _ .A. Americans took up skiingB. Americans all went skiingC. skiing became popular only in the mountain areasD. the only place Americans could ski was in the Rocky Mountains9.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Skiing has always been popular in America.B. Skiing has only recently become a popular American sport.C. Skiing can never become popular in America.D. Skiing has only recently become popular in Europe.10.In 1932, when the Winter Olympics were held at Lake Placid, _.A. Americans became enthusiastic about the sportB. Americans saw skiing for the very first timeC. Americans did not enter into competitionD. America finished in last place11.One of the attractions for young people taking up skiing is that _.A. they can enjoy the warmth of firesides in the lodgesB. they have teammates while skiingC. the skill of skiing can be mastered in a short timeD. they can later describe the special thrill of skiing like Buddy WernerQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the following passage or dialog.What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, and red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, or an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preferences, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow upwe are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colors do influence our moodsthere is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be increasing the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the areauntil it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than blac