分詞作定語、表語和賓語補足語.doc

高承英語專題講義（56期 高二）專題一 分詞作定語、表語和賓語補足語（一）分詞做定語 單個現(xiàn)在分詞形式或過去分詞形式作定語時，一般說來放在中心詞（被修飾的名詞或代詞）之前；現(xiàn)在分詞形式或過去分詞形式短語作定語時，放在被修飾詞之后，相當于一個定語從句。1) That is an interesting TV series. 那是一部非常有趣的電視劇。2) The girl sitting by my side is my cousin. 坐在我旁邊的是我表妹。3) The excited children were opening their Christmas presents. 興奮的孩子們正在打開他們的圣誕禮物。4) They reduced the number of animals used in experiments. 他們減少了用于試驗的動物數(shù)量?！緐sed in experiments = which were used in experiments】（二）分詞做表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語表示主語的特征，常用于事物；過去分詞作表語表示主語的狀態(tài)，常用于人。1) The news is really exciting. 那消息真讓人興奮。2) She looked disappointed after she lost the game. 輸?shù)裟菆霰荣惡螅瓷先ズ苁?。（三）分詞做賓語補足語現(xiàn)在分詞形式和過去分詞形式可作復(fù)合賓語中的補足語。1. 在表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞see、hear、feel、smell、listen(to)、notice、observe、smell、watch這類表示感覺的動詞之后常跟“賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，這種動詞與分詞之間的賓語可以是普通名詞或?qū)Ｓ忻~（人名等），也可以是代詞賓格（him、us等）。 1) She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising. 她聞到有東西在燃燒并看到有煙升起來了。 2) I watched them rehearsing the play. 我看他們排演戲。 3) I could feel the wind blowing on my face. 我能感覺到風吹在我的臉上。 2. 表示“致使”等意義的動詞，如catch、find、leave、give、have、get后也可跟上述(1)的結(jié)構(gòu)，有時也可跟過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。 1) The teacher caught a boy cheating. 老師發(fā)現(xiàn)一個男生（考試）作弊。2) You should make your views known. 你應(yīng)當讓別人了解你的看法。 3) Shes having her eyes tested. 她正在驗光。 （練習一）1. I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm.A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching2. The girl _ down by a car was dying.A. knock B. knocking C. knocked D. to knock3. The foreign guests, _ by an interpreter, came out of the hall.A. following B. to follow C. followed D. to be followed4. The problem _ so quickly last evening will not be set again anywhere.A. having been settled B. settleB. be settled D. settled5. There was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared.A. excited B. excite C. exciting D. excitement6. The children _ at the hospital yesterday were seriously ill.A. to examine B. examined C. examine D. examining7. He talked about his suggestions _ by you yesterday.A. been turned down B. turned downC. to be turned down D. to turn down8. This is the package _ at the post office last night.A. be weighed B. to be weighedC. to weigh D. weighed9. An island is a small piece of land _ by water.A. surrounded B. surroundingC. to be surrounded D. being surrounded10. The managers will again discuss the plan _ last week.A. carried out B. carrying outC. carry out D. to carry out11. After the heavy rain, many cars got _ in the mud.A. catch B. catching C. caught D. being caught12. What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _ .A. kill B. killing C. killed D. to be killed13. When I went in, they were _ in a heated discussion.A. absorb B. absorbedC. absorbing D. being absorbed14. A cook will be fired immediately if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked15. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard（練習二）1. Prices of daily goods _ through Internet can be lower than store prices.A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying2. Tom sounds very _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it.A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly 3. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year.A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed4. This plant is so vulnerable(脆弱的) that once _ by any disease, it cant survive. A. attacks B. having attack C. attacking D. attacked5. Linda worked for the Minnesota(美國.明尼蘇達州) Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M.A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known6. The pilot asked all the passengers on board remain _ as the plane was making a landing.A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating7. Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. Mm, It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant8. Though _ rather tired, he insisted on helping the old lady carry the box.A. feeling B. feels C. felt D. was feeling9. _ in a hurry, this novel was not as good as his previous one.A. Writing B. Written C. To be write D. To be written10. From the _ expression on his face, I know he lost the game. A. disappointed B. disappointing C. to be disappoint D. to disappoint語法填空 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫性的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~語或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。Architecture looks at the man-made living environment. Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty 31 (express) in art and architectureWhen you look around 32 buildings, streets，squares and parks, you will find 33 designed，planned and built in different styles. Modernism was invented in the 1920s by a group of architects 34 wanted to change society with buildings that went against 35 feeling of beautyThey wanted their buildings constructed in a way 36 look unnatural 37 in traditional architecture materials such as earth，stone，brick and wood are used，the materials of modern architecture 38 (be)steel, glass and concrete. To some people modern architecture equals progress. Developing countries want to build the most modern-looking buildings as the first step towards becoming 39 modern country. However, many do not find modern