法律英語：環(huán)境保護法 保護和改善環(huán)境.docx

第三章 保護和改善環(huán)境CHAPTER III PROTECTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT 第十六條 地方各級人民政府，應當對本轄區(qū)的環(huán)境質量負責，采取措施改善環(huán)境質量。Article 16. The local peoples governments at various levels shall be responsible for the environment quality of areas under their jurisdiction1 and take measures to improve the environment quality. 第十七條 各級人民政府對具有代表性的各種類型的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)區(qū)域，珍稀、瀕危的野生動植物自然分布區(qū)域，重要的水源涵養(yǎng)區(qū)域，具有重大科學文化價值的地質構造、著名溶洞和化石分布區(qū)、冰川、火山、溫泉等自然遺跡，以及人文遺跡、古樹名木，應當采取措施加以保護，嚴禁破壞。Article 17. The peoples governments at various levels shall take measures to protect regions representing various types of natural ecological2 systems, regions with a natural distribution of rare and endangered wild animals and plants, regions where major sources of water are conserved3, geological structures of major scientific and cultural value, famous regions where karst caves and fossil deposits are distributed, traces of glaciers4, volcanoes and hot springs, traces of human history, and ancient and precious trees. Damage to the above shall be strictly5 forbidden. 第十八條 在國務院、國務院有關主管部門和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府劃定的風景名勝區(qū)、自然保護區(qū)和其他需要特別保護的區(qū)域內，不得建設污染環(huán)境的工業(yè)生產設施；建設其他設施，其污染物排放不得超過規(guī)定的排放標準。Article 18. Within the scenic6 spots or historic sites, nature reserves and other zones that need special protection, as designated by the State Council, the relevant competent department under the State Council, and the peoples governments of provinces, autonomous7 regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, no industrial production installations that cause environmental pollution shall be built; other installations to be built in these areas must not exceed the prescribed standards for the discharge of pollutants8. 已經建成的設施，其污染物排放超過規(guī)定的排放標準的，限期治理。If the installations that have been built discharge more pollutants than are specified9 by the prescribed discharge standards, such pollution shall be eliminated or controlled within a prescribed period of time. 第十九條 開發(fā)利用自然資源，必須采取措施保護生態(tài)環(huán)境。Article 19. Measures must be taken to protect the ecological environment while natural resources are being developed or utilized10. 第二十條 各級人民政府應當加強對農業(yè)環(huán)境的保護，防治土壤污染、土地沙化、鹽漬化、貧瘠化、沼澤化、地面沉降和防治植被破壞、水土流失、水源枯竭、種源滅絕以及其他生態(tài)失調現象的發(fā)生和發(fā)展，推廣植物病蟲害的綜合防治，合理使用化肥、農藥及植物生長激素。Article 20. The peoples governments at various levels shall provide better protection for the agricultural environment by preventing and controlling soil pollution, the desertification and alkalization of land, the impoverishment11 of soil, the deterioration12 of land into marshes13, earth subsidence, the damage of vegetation, soil erosion, the drying up of sources of water , the extinction14 of species and the occurence and development of other ecological imbalances, by extending the scale of a comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, and by promoting a rational application of chemical fertilizers, pesticides15 and plant growth hormone16. 第二十一條 國務院和沿海地方各級人民政府應當加強對海洋環(huán)境的保護。向海洋排放污染物、傾到廢棄物，進行海岸工程建設和海洋石油勘探開發(fā)，必須依照法律的規(guī)定，防止對海洋環(huán)境的污染損害。Article 21. The State Council and the peoples governments at various levels in coastal17 areas shall provide better protection for the marine18 environment. The discharge of pollutants and the dumping of wastes into the seas, the construction of coastal projects, and the exploration and exploitation of offshore19 oil must be conducted in compliance20 with legal provisions so as to guard against the pollution and damage of the marine environment. 第二十二條 制定城市規(guī)劃，應當確定保護和改善環(huán)境的目標和任務。Article 22. The targets and tasks for protecting and improving the environment shall be defined in urban planning. 第二十三條 城鄉(xiāng)建設應當結合當地自然環(huán)境的特點，保護植被、水域和自然景觀，加強城市園林、綠地和風景名勝區(qū)的建設。Article 23. In urban and rural construction, vegetation, waters and the natural landscape shall be protected and attention paid to the construction of gardens, green land and historic sites and scenic spots in the cities in the light of the special features of the local natural environment.詞匯解析表：1 jurisdiction n.司法權，審判權，管轄權，控制權參考例句：It doesnt lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我無權將你釋放。Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隸屬江蘇省。2 ecological adj.生態(tài)的，生態(tài)學的參考例句：The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.這個地區(qū)已經宣布為生態(tài)災難區(qū)。Each animal has its ecological niche.每種動物都有自己的生態(tài)位.3 conserved v.保護，保藏，保存( conserve的過去式和過去分詞 )參考例句：He conserved his energy for the game. 他為比賽而養(yǎng)精蓄銳。 來自簡明英漢詞典Under these conditions, the total mechanical energy remains constant, or is conserved. 在這種條件下，總機械能保持不變或機械能保存。 來自辭典例句4 glaciers 冰河，冰川( glacier的名詞復數 )參考例句：Glaciers gouged out valleys from the hills. 冰川把丘陵地帶沖出一條條山谷。It has ice and snow glaciers, rainforests and beautiful mountains. 既有冰川，又有雨林和秀麗的山峰。 來自英語晨讀30分（高一）5 strictly adv.嚴厲地，嚴格地；嚴密地參考例句：His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的醫(yī)生嚴格規(guī)定他的飲食。The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人嚴格按照地位高低就座。6 scenic adj.自然景色的，景色優(yōu)美的參考例句：The scenic beauty of the place entranced the visitors.這里的美麗風光把游客們迷住了。The scenic spot is on northwestern outskirts of Beijing.這個風景區(qū)位于北京的西北遠郊。7 autonomous adj.自治的；獨立的參考例句：They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他們自豪地宣布成為新自治省的一部分。This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.這件事是屬于自治區(qū)權限以內的事務。8 pollutants 污染物質（尤指工業(yè)廢物）( pollutant的名詞復數 )參考例句：Pollutants are constantly being released into the atmosphere. 污染物質正在不斷地被排放到大氣中去。The 1987 Amendments limit 301(g) discharges to a few well-studied nonconventional pollutants. 1987年的修正案把第301條（g）的普通排放限制施加在一些認真研究過的幾種非常規(guī)污染物上。 來自英漢非文學 - 環(huán)境法 - 環(huán)境法9 specified adj.特定的參考例句：The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑師指定用橡木做木飾條。It is generated by some specified means. 這是由某些未加說明的方法產生的。10 utilized v.利用，使用( utilize的過去式和過去分詞 )參考例句：In the19th century waterpower was widely utilized to generate electricity. 在19世紀人們大規(guī)模使用水力來發(fā)電。 來自簡明英漢詞典The empty building can be utilized for city storage. 可以利用那棟空建筑物作城市的倉庫。 來自簡明英漢詞典11 impoverishment n.貧窮，窮困；貧化參考例句：Therefore, the spiritual impoverishment is a more fearful social phenomenon. 所以，精神貧困是一種比物質貧困更隱蔽更可怕的社會現象。 來自互聯網Impoverishment is compounded by many elements, and can transmit to be a pernicious cycle. 貧困是由多種因素復合而成的，并且具有傳遞性，形成貧困的惡性循環(huán)。 來自互聯網12 deterioration n.退化；惡化；變壞參考例句：Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 隨著年齡的增長，心智和體力自然衰退。The cars bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 這輛車的車身已經顯示出了劣化跡象。13 marshes n.沼澤，濕地( marsh的名詞復數 )參考例句：Cows were grazing on the marshes. 牛群在濕地上吃草。We had to cross the marshes. 我們不得不穿過那片沼澤地。 來自簡明英漢詞典14 extinction n.熄滅，消亡，消滅，滅絕，絕種參考例句：The plant is now in danger of extinction.這種植物現在有絕種的危險。The islands way of life is doomed to extinction.這個島上的生活方式注定要消失。15 pesticides n.殺蟲劑( pesticide的名詞復數 )；除害藥物參考例句：vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用殺蟲劑種植的蔬菜There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人們對農業(yè)上滅草劑和殺蟲劑的用量非常擔憂。 來自簡明英漢詞典16 hormone n.荷爾蒙，激素，內分泌參考例句：Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生長輔助劑。Th