精品初中定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)講解與練習(xí).doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除精品教案定語(yǔ)從句（初中）在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞包括that， which， who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where， when， why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。三、定語(yǔ)從句的分類根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，從句不可省去，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主語(yǔ)）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.（that作賓語(yǔ)）2.which用于指物，在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主語(yǔ)）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. （作賓語(yǔ)）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主語(yǔ)，whom用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)可用who代替whom。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主語(yǔ)）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？（作賓語(yǔ)）注意：1）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，who、 that、which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)（此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞不能用that代替）。例如：This is the house (which/that) we lived in last year.(可省)This is the house in which we lived last year.(不可省，關(guān)系代詞不可用that)Please tell me (whom/that) you borrowed the English novel from.(可省)Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(不可省，關(guān)系代詞不可用that)2）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .b.被修飾的先行詞為all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？= I didnt understand the words all that he said.c.先行詞被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few ，no，just等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)？f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書(shū)是湯姆的。3）關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：a.先行詞為that， those時(shí)，用which， 而不用that.例如：Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.例如：（同（1）This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which， 而不用that.例如：Tom came back， which made us happy. 湯姆回來(lái)了，這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法（1）when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如：This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。（2）where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如：This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒(méi)人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。注意：“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可與其他關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞互相轉(zhuǎn)換That is the house where my father used to live.=That is the house which my mother used to live in.= That is the house in which my mother used to live.上句中：in which = where六：練習(xí)1Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday? A. who B. whom C. which D. whose2. Thats all _ I have seen and heard. A. which B. that C. where D. what3. Have you seen the man _ plan we were talking about _ yesterday ? A. who, them B. its, them C. whose,/ D. whose, them4.The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far. A. which are not B. that have not been C. that has not D. that has not been5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading. A. that B. as C. who D. which6. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which7. _ cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. those who C. However D. The one who8. The police caught the man _ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which9. The girl _ is reading under the tree _ my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was10. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 11. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure.A. which B. what C. as D. Those 12. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one13. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that B. where C. which D. the one14. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one15. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that16. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about17. Is there anything _ to you?A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs18. - “How do you like the book?”- “Its quite different from _ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what19. They were interested _ you told them.A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything20. - Do you know the town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am comingKey:CBCBA BDBCA AADBA DBCDB用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：1. I still remember the night _I first came to the house.2. Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days _I spent with your family.5. Ill never forget the last day_ we spent together.6. This is the school _I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the West Lake?10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies the West Lake?11. Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two brothers.12. I live in Beijing,_is the capital of China.13. There was a time _there were slaves in the USA.14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake.15. It was in the street _I met John yesterday.16. It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17. The moment _I saw you, I recognized(認(rèn)出)you.18. This is the very novel about_weve talked so much.19. This is the way_he did it.20. Who is the student _was late for school today? 單項(xiàng)選擇 定語(yǔ)從句的用法KEYS:1. when 2. when 3. which 4. that/which 5. that 6. where 7. that/which 8. where 9. which 10. where 11. where 12. which 13. when 14. that 15. that 16. that 17. (that) 18. which 19. (that/in which) 20.that將下列兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并成帶定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句1. The bridge has been rebuilt now. It was built in 1959._2. She is going to the town. I do not know the town._3. He did not attend the meeting. He told me the reason._4. The train started at 4:50 p.m. I missed it._5. The medicine was quite helpful. Dr. Li gave him it._6. The nurse is very kind. She looks after my little brother._7. The play was very interesting. We saw it the night before._8. The plane was late. It was going to Tibet._9. The student studies very hard. Her father is a worker._10. He is the most careful boy. I know him._1.- The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it?-Yes , it has built many schools _those children can study happily.A where B. when C. which2. This is _I wanted .A. the one what B. which C. one which D. the one 3. Is that the man _helped us a lot after the earthquake?A. whose B. which C. when D who 4. The girl _I just talked with is Bens sister.A: whom B. which C. she disappointed adj. 失望的；沮喪的5. Thats the man _ house was destroyed in the storm.Sherlock Holmes n. 夏洛克?福爾摩斯A. that B. whose C. who D. whic