2015屆《創(chuàng)新設(shè)計》高考英語(北師大版)一輪活頁訓(xùn)練(提升版)：7.21 Unit 21 Human Biology.doc

Unit 21Human Biology.完形填空Almost everyone wants to get smarter.We struggle to improve our _1_，intelligence and attention.We drink cup after cup of coffee to help us _2_ the day._3_，a new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that there are _4_ to how smart humans can get.Each of our body parts develops in a certain way for a reason._5_，we are not 3 meters tall _6_ most peoples hearts are not strong enough to send _7_ up that high.Scientists say that our thinking ability works in the same way.A babys brain size is limited by a series of _8_，such as the size of the mothers pelvis(骨盆)If our brains developed to be bigger，there could be more _9_ during childbirth.The study of Jews，who have an average IQ much _10_ than other Europeans，showed they were more _11_ to develop diseases of the _12_ system.This might be because of their increased brainpower.If intelligence cannot be improved，can we at least get better at _13_？Not really，say scientists.They studied _14_ like caffeine(咖啡因)that improve attention.They found the drugs only helped people with serious _15_ problems.For those who did not have trouble paying attention，the drugs could have the _16_ effect.Scientists say that this suggests there is a(n) _17_ limit to how much people can or should concentrate.Our memory is also a“doubleedged sword”People with extremely good memories could _18_ having a difficult life because they cannot _19_ bad things that happen to them.Thomas Hills，one of the authors of the paper，said that _20_ all the problems in trying to get smarter，its unlikely that there will ever be a“super mind”【語篇解讀】 每個人都想使自己變得更聰明，你是否也在想方設(shè)法改善自己的記憶力和注意力呢？1A.ability Bcharacter Cmemory Demotion答案C幾乎每個人都想變得更聰明?！拔覀儭倍枷肱μ岣摺拔覀儭钡挠洃浟?、智力和注意力。2A.go through Bput throughCget through Dcarry through答案C我們一杯接著一杯地喝咖啡來度日。3A.Though B Therefore CHowever DMeanwhile答案C文章第2段和第1段在意思上為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選however。4A.standards Bmeasures Cranges Dlimits答案D然而，一項(xiàng)新研究警告說，人類的聰明程度是有限度的。5A.At first BIn addition CFor example DAbove all答案C“我們”的身體器官如何發(fā)育是有一定道理的，就像我們的身高不會達(dá)到3米一樣。for example用于舉例。6A.until Bbecause Cbefore Dso that答案B因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人的心臟不夠強(qiáng)。7A.blood Binformation Cbreath Dstrength答案A不能夠?qū)⒀狠斔偷侥莻€高度。8A.factors B reasons Caspects Deffects答案A嬰兒大腦的大小受到一系列因素的限制，例如媽媽骨盆的大小。9A.chances Bdeaths Cchoices Dlives答案B如果“我們”的大腦發(fā)育得更大，在出生時就可能更容易死亡。10A.smarter Bbetter Clower Dhigher答案D猶太人的平均智商比其他歐洲人高出許多。11A.likely Bpossible Cprobable Dsure答案A對猶太人的研究顯示他們更有可能患神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病。12A.physical Bbodily Cpersonal Dnervous答案D見上題解析。13A.exercising BconcentratingCmemorizing Dthinking 答案B根據(jù)下一行的attention可推斷此處指“集中(注意力)”。14A.poisons Bdrinks Cplants Ddrugs答案D后文多次提到drugs一詞，由此可知他們研究的是像咖啡因這樣的提高注意力的藥物。15A.attention Bfamily Chealth Dliving答案A他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些藥物只能幫助那些注意力有嚴(yán)重問題的人。16A.same Bopposite Cdifferent Dsimilar答案B對于那些注意力沒有問題的人來說，藥物會起相反的作用。17A.lower Bsmaller Cupper Dhigher答案C科學(xué)家們說，這表明人們的注意力也是有上限的。18A.end up Bmake up Cstart up D come up答案A記憶力也是一把雙刃劍。記憶力極好的人最終可能會過著很困擾的生活，因?yàn)樗麄兺坏舭l(fā)生在他們身上的傷心事。19A.forget Bremember Cperform Dshare答案A見上題解析。20A.supposing BconcerningCconsidering Dregarding答案C考慮到以上所有問題，Thomas Hills說，擁有“超級大腦”是不太可能的。.閱讀理解體裁題材詞數(shù)難度建議用時議論文社會生活3066分鐘Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but over learn.The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for ones future development.【語篇解讀】 有些東西我們學(xué)過之后就永生難忘，而有些東西則恰恰相反。文章解釋了原因，稱這是過度學(xué)習(xí)和突擊學(xué)習(xí)兩種不同學(xué)習(xí)方法所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。1What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?APeople remember well what they learned in childhood.BChildren have a better memory than grownups.CPoem reading is a good way to learn words.DStories for children are easy to remember.答案A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的首句 “Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since”可知選A項(xiàng)。2The author explains the law of overlearning by _Apresenting research findings Bsetting down general rules Cmaking a comparisonDusing examples答案D推斷題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可以看出作者通過舉例子的方法來證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，故答案為D項(xiàng)。3According to the author，being able to use multiplication tables is _Aa result of overlearningBa special case of crammingCa skill to deal with math problemsDa basic step towards advanced studies答案A細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第4段最后一句話中的“.because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。4What is the authors opinion on cramming?AIt leads to failure in college exams.BIts helpful only in a limited way.CIts possible to result in poor memory.DIt increases students learning interest.答案B推斷題。由最后一段中的“By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned”可以看出作者認(rèn)為突擊學(xué)習(xí)的作用極其有限，往往只是為了應(yīng)付考試。.書面表達(dá)你校校門口在上學(xué)和放學(xué)時間經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)交通擁堵的現(xiàn)象，這給全校師生和路人帶來極大的不便。為了確保學(xué)校門口正常的交通秩序，你校英文報向?qū)W生征集解決交通擁堵的良策。假設(shè)你是高三學(xué)生李華，請你用英語就此事給校報編輯寫一封信，信中應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容：1寫信的目的；2分析學(xué)校門口擁堵的原因；3提出23點(diǎn)建議。注意：詞數(shù)100左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，但不計入總詞數(shù))。Dear Editor，I am Li Hua，a student from Grade 3.I am writing to discuss the traffic problem near our school gate._I do hope there will be fewer traffic jams near our school gate.Yours，Li Hua【參考范文】Dear_Editor，I_am_Li_Hua，a_student_from_Grade_3.I_am_writing_to_discuss_the_traff