南京條約(中英文對(duì)照)

. 茲因大清大皇帝，大英君主，欲以近來之不和之端解釋，止肇釁，為此議定設(shè)立永久和約。是以大清大皇帝特派欽差便宜行事大臣太子少保鎮(zhèn)守廣東廣州將軍宗室耆英，頭品頂戴花翎前閣督部堂乍浦副都統(tǒng)紅帶子伊里布；大英伊耳蘭等國君主特派全權(quán)公使大臣英國所屬印度等處三等將軍世襲男爵璞鼎查；公同各將所奉之上諭便宜行事及敕賜全權(quán)之命互相較閱，俱屬善當(dāng)，即便議擬各條，陳列于左：一、嗣后大清大皇帝、大英國君主永存平和，所屬華英人民彼此友睦，各住他國者必受該國保佑身家全安。二、自今以后，大皇帝恩準(zhǔn)英國人民帶同所屬家眷，寄居大清沿海之廣州、福州、廈門、寧波、上海等五處港口，貿(mào)易通商無礙；且大英國君主派設(shè)領(lǐng)事、管事等官住該五處城邑，專理商賈事宜，與各該地方官公文往來；令英人按照下條開敘之列，清楚交納貨稅、鈔餉等費(fèi)。三、因大英商船遠(yuǎn)路涉洋，往往有損壞須修補(bǔ)者，自應(yīng)給予沿海一處，以便修船及存守所用物料。今大皇帝準(zhǔn)將香港一島給予大英國君主暨嗣后世襲主位者常遠(yuǎn)據(jù)守主掌，任便立法治理。四、因大清欽差大憲等于道光十九年二月間經(jīng)將大英國領(lǐng)事官及民人等強(qiáng)留粵省，嚇以死罪，索出鴉片以為贖命，今大皇帝準(zhǔn)以洋銀六百萬銀元償補(bǔ)原價(jià)。五、凡大英商民在粵貿(mào)易，向例全歸額設(shè)行商，亦稱公行者承辦，今大皇帝準(zhǔn)以嗣后不必仍照向例，乃凡有英商等赴各該口貿(mào)易者，勿論與何商交易，均聽其便；且向例額設(shè)行商等內(nèi)有累欠英商甚多無措清還者，今酌定洋銀三百萬銀元，作為商欠之?dāng)?shù)，準(zhǔn)明由中國官為償還。六、因大清欽命大臣等向大英官民人等不公強(qiáng)辦，致須撥發(fā)軍士討求伸理，今酌定水陸軍費(fèi)洋銀一千二百萬銀元，大皇帝準(zhǔn)為償補(bǔ)，惟自道光二十一年六月十五日以后，英國因贖各城收過銀兩之?dāng)?shù)，大英全權(quán)公使大臣為君主準(zhǔn)可，按數(shù)扣除。七、以上三條酌定銀數(shù)共二千一百萬銀元應(yīng)如何分期交清開列于左：此時(shí)交銀六百萬銀元；癸卯年六月間交銀三百萬銀元，十二月間交銀三百萬銀元，共銀六百萬銀元；甲辰年六月間交銀二百五十萬銀元，十二月間交銀二百五十萬銀元，共銀五百萬銀元；乙巳年六月間交銀二百萬銀元，十二月間交銀二百萬銀元，共銀四百萬銀元；自壬寅年起至乙巳年止，四年共交銀二千一百萬銀元。倘有按期未能交足之?dāng)?shù)，則酌定每年每百元加息五銀元。八、凡系大英國人，無論本國、屬國軍民等，今在中國所管轄各地方被禁者，大清大皇帝準(zhǔn)即釋放。九、凡系中國人，前在英人所據(jù)之邑居住者，或與英人有來往者，或有跟隨及俟候英國官人者，均由大皇帝俯降御旨，謄錄天下，恩準(zhǔn)全然免罪；且凡系中國人，為英國事被拿監(jiān)禁受難者，亦加恩釋放。十、前第二條內(nèi)言明開關(guān)俾英國商民居住通商之廣州等五處，應(yīng)納進(jìn)口、出口貨稅、餉費(fèi)，均宜秉公議定則例，由部頒發(fā)曉示，以便英商按例交納；今又議定，英國貨物自在某港按例納稅后，即準(zhǔn)由中國商人遍運(yùn)天下，而路所經(jīng)過稅關(guān)不得加重稅例，只可按估價(jià)則例若干，每?jī)杉佣惒贿^分。十一、議定英國住中國之總管大員，與大清大臣無論京內(nèi)、京外者，有文書來往，用照會(huì)字樣；英國屬員，用申陳字樣；大臣批復(fù)用札行字樣；兩國屬員往來，必當(dāng)平行照會(huì)。若兩國商賈上達(dá)官憲，不在議內(nèi)，仍用稟明字樣為著。十二、俟奉大清大皇帝允準(zhǔn)和約各條施行，并以此時(shí)準(zhǔn)交之六百萬銀元交清，大英水陸軍士當(dāng)即退出江寧、京口等處江面，并不再行攔阻中國各省商賈貿(mào)易。至鎮(zhèn)海之招寶山，亦將退讓。惟有定?？h之舟山海島、廈門廳之古浪嶼小島，仍歸英兵暫為駐守；迨及所議洋銀全數(shù)交清，而前議各海口均已開辟俾英人通商后，即將駐守二處軍士退出，不復(fù)占據(jù)。十三、以上各條均關(guān)議和要約，應(yīng)候大臣等分別奏明大清大皇帝、大英君主各用親筆批準(zhǔn)后，即速行相交，俾兩國分執(zhí)一冊(cè)，以昭信守；惟兩國相離遙遠(yuǎn)，不得一旦而到，是以另繕二冊(cè)，先由大清欽差便宜行事大臣等、大英欽奉全權(quán)公使大臣各為君上定事，蓋用關(guān)防印信，各執(zhí)一冊(cè)為據(jù)，俾即日按照和約開載之條，施行妥辦無礙矣。要至和約者。道光二十二年七月二十四日即英國記年之一千八百四十二年八月二十九日由江寧省會(huì)行大英君主汗華船上鈴關(guān)防原文Treaty of Nanjing (Nanking), 1842(Ratifications exchanged at Hongkong, 26th June 1843.)VICTORIA, by the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,Defender of the Faith, etc., etc., etc. To All and Singular to whom these Presents shall come, Greeting !Whereas a Treaty between Us and Our Good Brother The Emperor of China, was concluded and signed,in the English and Chinese Languages, on board Our Ship the Cornwallis, at Nanking, on the Twenty-ninthday of August, in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-two, by thePlenipotentiaries of Us and of Our said Good Brother, duly and respectively authorized for that purpose;which Treaty is hereunto annexed in Original.TREATYHer Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty theEmperor of China, being desirous of putting an end to the misunderstandings and consequent hostilitieswhich have arisen between the two Countries, have resolved to conclude a Treaty for that purpose, andhave therefore named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland,HENRY POTTINGER, Bart., a Major General in the Service of the East India Company, etc., etc.;And His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, the High Commiasioners KEYING, a Member of the Imperial House,a Guardian of the Crown Prince and General of the Garrison of Canton; and ELEPOO, of Imperial Kindred,graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, and the distinction of Peacocks feather, lately Minister andGovernor General etc., and now Lieutenant-General Commanding at Chapoo: Who, after having communicatedto each other their respective Full Powers and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon,and concluded, the following Articles:ARTICLE I.There shall henceforward be Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective Subjects, who shallenjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the Dominions of the other.ARTICLE II.His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees that British Subjects, with their families and establishments, shall beallowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their Mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint at theCities and Towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochow-fu, Ningpo, and Shanghai, and Her Majesty the Queen ofGreat Britain, etc., will appoint Superintendents or Consular Officers, to reside at each of the above-namedCities or Towns, to be the medium of communication between the Chinese Authorities and the said Merchants,and to see that the just Duties and other Dues of the Chinese Government is hereafter provided for, are dulydischarged by Her Britannic Majestys Subjects.ARTICLE III.It being obviously necessary and desirable, that British Subjects should have some Port whereat theymay careen and refit their Ships, when required, and keep Stores for that purpose, His Majesty the Emperorof China cedes to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., the Island of Hongkong, to be possessedin perpetuity by Her Britannic Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, and to be governed by such Laws andRegulations as Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., shall see fit to direct.ARTICLE IV.The Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of Six Millions of Dollars as the value of Opium which wasdelivered up at Canton in the month of March 1839, as a Ransom for the lives of Her Britannic MajestysSuperintendent and Subjects, who had been imprisoned and threatened with death by the Chinese High Officers.ARTICLE V.The Government of China having compelled the British Merchants trading at Canton to deal exclusively withcertain Chinese Merchants called Hong Merchants (or Cohong) who had been licensed by the Chinese Governmentfor that purpose, the Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all Ports where British Merchantsmay reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions with whatever persons they please, and HisImperial Majesty further agrees to pay to the British Government the sum of Three Millions of Dollars, on acoountof Debts due to British Subjects by some of the said Hong Merchants (or Cohong), who have become insolvent,and who owe very large sums of money to Subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.ARTICLE VI.The Government of Her Britannic Majesty having been obliged to send out an Expedition to demand and obtainredress for the violent and unjust Proceedings of the Chinese High Authorities towards Her Britannic Majestys Officerand Subjects, the Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of Twelve Millions of Dollars on account of the Expensesincurred, and Her Britannic Majestys Plenipotentiary voluntarily agrees, on behalf of Her Majesty, to deduct fromthe said amount of Twelve Millions of Dollars, any sums which may have been received by Her Majestys combinedForces as Ransom for Cities and Towns in China, subsequent to the 1st day of August 1841.ARTICLE VII.It is agreed that the Total amount of Twenty-one Millions of Dollars, described in the three preceding Articles,shall be paid as follows:Six Millions immediately.Six Millions in 1843. That is:NThree Millions on or before the 30th of the month of June, and Three Millions onor before the 31St of December.Five Millions in 1844. That is:NTwo Millions and a Half on or before the 30th of June, and Two Millions and a halfon or before the 31St of December.Four Millions in 1845. That is:NTwo Millions on or before the 30th of June, and Two Millions on or before the31 st of December; and it is further stipulated, that Interest at the rate of 5 percent. per annum, shall be paid by theGovernment of China on any portions of the above sums that are not punctually discharged at the periods fixed.ARTICLE VIII.The Emperor of China agrees to release unconditionally all Subjects of leer Britannic Majesty (whether Nativesof Europe or India) who may be in confinement at this moment, in any part of the Chinese Empire.ARTICLE IX.The Emperor of China agrees to publish and promulgate, under His Imperial Sign Manual and Seal, a full andentire amnesty and act of indemnity, to all Subjects of China on account of their having resided under, or having haddealings and intercourse with, or having entered the Service of Her Britannic Majesty, or of Her Majestys Officers,and His lmperial Majesty further engages to release all Chinese Subjects who may be at this moment in confinementfor similar reasons.ARTICLE X.His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to establish at all the Ports which are by the 2nd Article of this Treatyto be thrown open for the resort of British Merchants, a fair and regular Tariff of Export and Import Customs andother Dues, which Tariff shall be publicly notified and promulgated for general information, and the Emperor furtherengages, that when British Merchandise shall have once paid at any of the said Ports the regulated Customs andDues agreeable to the Tariff, to be hereafter fixed, such Merchandise may be conveyed by Chinese Merchants,to any Province or City in the interior of the Empire of China on paying a further amount as Transit Duties whichshall not exceed percent. On the tariff value of such goods.ARTICLE Xl.It is agreed that Her Britannic Majestys Chief High Officer in China shall correspond with the Chinese HighOfficers, both at the Capital and in the Provinces, under the term Communication chinese characters. TheSubordinate British Officers and Chinese High Officers in the Provinces under the terms Statementchinese characters on the part of the former, and on the part of the latter Declaration chinese characters,and the Subordinates of both Countries on a footing of perfect equality. Merchants and others not holdingofficial situations and, therefore, not included in the above, on both sides, to use the term Representation chinese characters in all Papers addressed to, or intended for the notice of the respective Governments.ARTICLE XII.On the assent of the Emperor of China to this Treaty being received and the discharge of the first instalmentof money, Her Britannic Majestys Forces will retire from Nanking and the Grand Canal, and will no longermolest or stop the Trade of China. The Military Post at Chinhai will also be withdrawn, but the Islands ofKoolangsoo and that of Chusan will continue to be held by Her Majestys Forces until the money payments,and the arrangements for opening the Ports to British Merchants be completed.ARTICLE XIII.The Ratification of the Treaty by Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., and His Majesty the Emperor ofChina shall be exchanged as soon as the great distance which separates England from China will admit; but in themeantime counterpart copies of it, signed and sealed by the Plenipotentiaries on behalf of their respective Sovereigns,shall be mutually delivered, and all its provisions and arrangements shall take effect.Done at Nanking and Signed and Sealed by the Plenipotentiaries on board Her Britannic Majestys ship Cornwallis,this twenty-ninth day of August, 1842, corresponding with the Chinese date, twenty-fourth day of the seventh monthin the twenty-second Year of TAO