新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè) Units 8-10

Units8-10,知識(shí)清單,（一）單詞,1._v.抖動(dòng)；搖動(dòng)2._v.剝皮；去皮3._v.倒出；傾倒4._n.勺子5._v.增加；添加6._adv.最后；最終7._n.食鹽_n.食糖8._n.機(jī)器,shake,peel,pour,spoon,add,finally,salt,sugar,machine,9._v.挖；掘；鑿_n.洞10._n.三明治11._n.片；塊；段12._adj.傳統(tǒng)的_n.傳統(tǒng)13._n.秋天_n.秋天14._n.游客_v.旅行,dig,hole,sandwich,piece,traditional,tradition,autumn,fall,traveler,travel,15._v.慶祝_n.慶祝16._v.使混合n.混合配料_n.混合物17._v.使充滿18._n.盤(pán)子；碟子19._v.覆蓋n.覆蓋物20._v.接待；服務(wù)；提供21._n.溫度,celebrate,celebration,mix,mixture,fill,plate,cover,serve,temperature,22._v.準(zhǔn)備_n.準(zhǔn)備23._adj.有空的；可獲得的24._conjofB.filled;withC.fulled;ofD.fulled;with,B,5.prepare【歸納】v.意為“使做好準(zhǔn)備；把準(zhǔn)備好”，常用短語(yǔ)有prepareforsth.和preparetodosth.，前者意為“為某事做準(zhǔn)備”，后者意為“準(zhǔn)備做某事”?！就卣埂縩.preparationmakepreparationsforsth.為某事做準(zhǔn)備”，與短語(yǔ)prepareforsth.同義。,【運(yùn)用】完成句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。1)他們一周前開(kāi)始為這次旅行做準(zhǔn)備。Theybeganto_thistripaweekago.2)你準(zhǔn)備給凱特寫(xiě)信嗎？Doyou_toKate?,preparefor,preparetowrite,6.invite【歸納】v.意為“邀請(qǐng)”。invitesb.to.邀請(qǐng)某人參加invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事【拓展】n.invitationmakeaninvitation發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)acceptaninvitation接受邀請(qǐng)turndown/refuseaninvitation拒絕邀請(qǐng),【運(yùn)用】.單項(xiàng)選擇。Lucyisshy.Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates_dancingwithher.(2013江西)A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice,D,2.Myfriendinvitedme_theartclub,andIaccepteditwithpleasure.(2015上海)A.joinB.tojoinC.joinedD.joining,B,.完成句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。1.湯姆邀請(qǐng)我去他們學(xué)校。Tom_theirschool.2.珍妮，你向米勒先生發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)了嗎？Jenny,didyou_toMr.Miller?,invitedmeto,makeaninvitation,1.turnon,turnoff,turnup與turndown,（二）短語(yǔ),【運(yùn)用】.單項(xiàng)選擇。1.Wouldyoumind_themusicalittle?Dontyouthinkitstooloud?Sorry!Illdoitinaminute.(2013浙江臺(tái)州)A.turningonB.turningoffC.turningupD.turningdown,D,2.Theclassroomissobrightnow.Youshould_thelights.OK,Iwill.(2014江蘇泰州)A.turnonB.turnupC.turndownD.turnoff,D,3.DoyouknowthelatestinformationaboutFlightMH370?Ivenoidea.Lets_theTVtowatchthenewsprogramme.(2014江蘇揚(yáng)州)A.turnonB.turndownC.turnupD.turnoff,A,2.hearfrom,hearof與hearabout,3.o.【拓展】put的常用短語(yǔ)puton穿上；戴上；上演putup提高（價(jià)格等）；張貼；建造；使升高putout撲滅；熄滅putoff推遲putaway把收起來(lái)；放好,putdown放下；寫(xiě)下；鎮(zhèn)壓putback將放回；推遲；延期putforward提出；向前拔putin把寫(xiě)進(jìn)（信函、故事等）；插話；正式提,出（要求等）,4.cutup意為“切碎”。【拓展】opieces意為“將切成片”。,【運(yùn)用】.單項(xiàng)選擇。Alice,couldyouhelpme_themeat?Iwanttomakesomedumplingsfordinner.OK.Illdoitrightaway.(2013山東濟(jì)南)A.putupB.giveupC.useupD.cutup,D,5.too.to.【歸納】意為“太而不能”。too后通常接形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)，to后接動(dòng)詞原形。可用so.that.結(jié)構(gòu)和not.enoughto.結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě)。,6.lookforwardto【歸納】意為“期待；盼望”，其中to是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。,【拓展】look的短語(yǔ)：lookat看；lookfor尋找；lookup查找；lookout小心；lookover仔細(xì)檢查；lookthrough瀏覽；lookafter照顧；照看【運(yùn)用】Inourdailylife，wemustlearnto_ourselveswellatanytime.Itsasimportantasstudying.(2015，山西)AdealwithBworryaboutClookafter,C,1.Canyoucometomyparty?Canyou.？意為“你能嗎？”表示客氣地請(qǐng)求某人做某事。接受邀請(qǐng)常用Iwould(Id)loveto.或者Certainly.等來(lái)應(yīng)答。如有事不能接受邀請(qǐng)，可用Sorry,Icant.或者Idloveto,but.等回答。這種句式中，用could比can語(yǔ)氣委婉，顯得有禮貌，而用can則較隨便。,（三）句式,【拓展】向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，委婉地請(qǐng)求某人去做某事的句型。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can意為“可以；能”，也可以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could。could的語(yǔ)氣要比can委婉、客氣，顯得更有禮貌，而can則更加口語(yǔ)化。,【注意】向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或征求意見(jiàn)時(shí)，有以下幾種常用表達(dá)：Can/Couldyou.？/Wouldyouliketo.？/What/Howabout.？/Shall(we).？/MayIinviteyouto.?其肯定回答，即接受別人的邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，常有以下句子：Yes，Idloveto./Idliketo./Yes.Itsverynice/kindofyou./Thatsoundsgreat./Thatsoundslikefun./Imhappy(glad)to.,其否定回答，即委婉拒絕時(shí)常用：Idlove/liketo，but./Maybeanothertime./ImsorryIcant.Ihaveto./ImafraidIcant./Imafraidnot.,2.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagreattime.if意為“如果；假如”，用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。從句位置可在主句前也可在后。由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，其主句可以使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子或祈使句。,【運(yùn)用】1)Doyouknowifthey_swimmingwithustomorrow?Ithinktheywillifthey_free.Ago；wllbeBgo；areCwillgo；areDwillgo；willbe,C,2)Youwillseemanyauntsdancingtogetheratthesquareifit_intheevening.AdoesntrainBrainsCwillrainDwontrain,A,3.SamisntleavinguntilnextWednesday.not.until意為“直到才”。在口語(yǔ)中，還可用till代替until，構(gòu)成not.till.的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Shedidntgotobeduntil12oclocklastnight.,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所說(shuō)動(dòng)作的觀點(diǎn)，如需要、可能、意愿、懷疑等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身雖有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，必須和不帶to的動(dòng)詞原形連用，并且情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化(haveto除外)。主要有can,could,may,might,must,haveto,need,should,hadbetter等。,（四）語(yǔ)法,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,can/could1.can表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的能力，意為“能；會(huì)”。could為can的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去的能力。如：Helencanplaythepiano.,2.can和could都可以表示請(qǐng)求、允許，意為“可以”。在該用法中，用could比用can語(yǔ)氣更加委婉和客氣，但答語(yǔ)必須用can。如：Could/Canyouopenthewindowforme?OfcourseIcan.,3.can表示推測(cè)，用于否定句中，后跟靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞be，表示有把握的推測(cè)，意為“不可能是/在”。could可用于肯定句中表示不確定的推測(cè)，意為“可能”。如：ItcantbeBrucesbasketball.Heonlylikesplayingsoccer.Becareful.Youcouldhurtyourselfwhenyouuseknives.,may/might1.may表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為“可以”。當(dāng)may表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)的一般疑問(wèn)句中，肯定回答常用may，否定回答常用cant或mustnt。如：MayIuseyourmobilephone?Yes,youmay./No,youcant/mustnt.,2.may和might都可以表示推測(cè)，意為“可能；也許”。might的語(yǔ)氣更不確定，表示的可能性更小。如：Ellamay/mighthavethebookyourelookingfor.,must/haveto1.must意為“必須”，表示義務(wù)、命令或必要，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法，其否定式為mustnt，表示“不允許；禁止”之意。在回答由must引起的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用neednt或donthaveto，表示“不必”。如：,Allpassengersmustwearseatbelts.MustItakemyshoesawaynow?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt/donthaveto.must用于肯定句中，后跟靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞be，表示很有把握的推測(cè)，意為“一定是/在”。如：Yourfatherhasbeenworkinghardallday.Hemustbetired.,2.haveto意為“不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如：Billhastodoseveraljobstosupporthisfamily.,need意為“需要”，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，多用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。在回答由need引起的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用neednt。如：NeedIdriveyouhome?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.,should意為“應(yīng)該”，既可以表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，也可以表示勸告或建議，其否定式為shouldnt，意為“不應(yīng)該”。如：Weshouldntwastefood.hadbetterhadbetterdosth.表示“最好做某事”，其否定式是hadbetternotdosth.。如：Youhadbettergotoschoolbybus.Itsalittlefar.,【運(yùn)用】單項(xiàng)選擇。1.Cars,buses,bikesandpeople_stopwhenthetrafficlightsarered.(2015四川成都)A.canB.mayC.must2.Theresanimportantfootballmatchtoday.I_missit.(2015河北)A.mayB.cantC.mustD.neednt,C,B,3.ItssurprisingthatMr.Maslittledaughter_speakEnglishsowell.(2015重慶)A.mustB.canC.mustntD.cant4.Harrysbeendrivingalldayhe_betired.(2015浙江杭州)A.needB.canC.shallD.must,D,B,5.Mom,mustIgoshoppingwithyou?No,you_.YoucanwatchthefilmBigHero6withyourfriends.(2015江蘇南京)A.needntB.cantC.shouldntD.mustnt,A,6.DoyouhaveanyplansforthisSunday?Imnotsure.I_gotothecountrysidetoseemygrandmother.(2015安徽)A.canB.mustC.mayD.need,C,7.IsthatmanMr.Smith?It_behim.HehasgonetoNewYorkonbusiness.(2015天津)A.maynotB.needntC.cantD.mustnt8.Asmiddleschoolstudents,we_beafraidofdifficultiesifwewanttomakeourdreamscometrue.(2015哈爾濱)A.mustB.shouldntC.need,B,C,一、約會(huì)(Makingappointments)A.Willyoubefreethisevening?Doyouhavetimetomorrowmorning?When/Whereshallwemeet?Howabout5:00tomorrowafternoon?Whatabout(meeting)outsidetheparkgate?Couldwemeetat4:30?Letsmakeit6oclock.,（五）交際用語(yǔ),B.Yes,Illbefree.Allright.Seeyouthen.ImafraidIhavenotimethen.Sorry,Iwontbefree.,二、邀請(qǐng)(Invitation)A.Canyoucometomybirthdayparty?Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty?Doyouwanttocometomybirthdayparty?Idliketoinviteyoutocometomybirthdayparty.MayIinviteyoutocometomybirthdayparty?,What/Howaboutcomingtomybirthdayparty?B.Yes,Idlike/loveto.Thanks.Yes,itsverykindofyoutoinviteme.Thatwouldbeverynice.Thanks.Idlike/loveto,butImverybusy.Itsverykindofyoutoinviteme,butImafraidIhavenotime.ImsorryIcant.What/Howaboutanothertime?,【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使對(duì)話完整、通順。A:Tim,todaywearegoingtohavereal(1)_food.B:Really?Whatisit,ZhangLei?A:Oh,itsmyfavorite,Beijingduck.Weeatitwiththiskindofpancake,sauceandChineseonions.B:Oh,it(2)_delicious.MayIhaveataste,please?,Chinese,smells,A:Sure.Helpyourself.B:Wow!Itisreallydelicious.A:Imgladyoulikeit.Couldyouplease(3)_methesauce?B:Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A:Wouldyoulikesomemoreduck?B:No,thankyou.Im(4)_.Ifyouare(5)_,IwouldliketoinviteyoutohavesomerealEnglishfood.A:Thankyouverymuch.,pass,full,free/available,鞏固練習(xí),.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及提示，補(bǔ)全所缺單詞。1.Thegroundistoodry.Letspsomewateronit.2.Aishere.Thetreeleavesturnyellowandbegintofalldown.3.Hermotherisusuallybusyonw.Butshesnotbusyonweekends.4.MayrSandysinvitationbecauseshewasreallybusy.,pour,Autumn,refused,weekdays,5.Canyouhelpmewiththechores,Sue?C,Mom.6.Look,Julia!Youvemadeafewminyourhomework.Sorry.Illcorrectthemsoon.7.Frankwasubecausehefailedhisgeographytest.8.Weallknowthatfishcantlivewwater.,Certainly,mistakes,upset,without,.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空。serve,until,dig,temperature,advice,catch,care,tradition1.Toplanttrees,wemust_someholesfirst.2.Therestaurant_manypeopleeveryday.3.TheSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestivalare_holidaysforChinese.,dig,traditional,serves,4.Didthedoctortakeyour_,Bruce?Yes.Itis38.5.Youhavetorunfastto_thebus.6.Mr.GreenwatchedTV_elevenoclocklastnight.7.Imnotgoodatmath.Canyougivemesome_?8.Ilostmybagonthewaytoschool.How_youare!,temperature,until,advice,careless,catch,.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子，每空一詞。1.他們經(jīng)常在哪里閑逛？Wheredotheyoften_?2.尼克為什么拒絕了她的請(qǐng)求？WhydidNick_herrequest?3.如果你答應(yīng)保守秘密，我就告訴你這事。Illtellyouaboutitifyoupromiseto_it_.,hangout,turndown,Keeptoyourself,4.逃避問(wèn)題是不對(duì)的。Itisnotrightto_problems.5.蒂娜走進(jìn)房間，坐在沙發(fā)上，然后打開(kāi)了電視。Tinawentintotheroom,satonthesofaand_theTV.6.看！這個(gè)盒子里裝滿了不同種類(lèi)的花。Look!Thebox_differentkindsofflowers.,runawayfrom,turnedon,isfilledwith,.翻譯下列句子。1.明天我該去釣魚(yú)嗎？(should)_2.如果你今晚熬夜，明天你會(huì)遲到的。(if)_3.你能來(lái)參加我的喬遷聚會(huì)嗎？(can)_,ShouldIgofishingtomorrow?,Canyoucometomyhousewarmingparty?,Ifyoustayuplatetonight,youllbelatetomorrow.,4.你們?cè)敢夂臀覀円黄鹑澊瑔幔?wouldlike)_5.晚飯我們需要多少個(gè)西紅柿？(howmany)_,Wouldyouliketogoboatingwithus?,Howmanytomatoesdoweneedfordinner?,.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文完整、通順，每詞限用一次。home,belong,stay,relationship,human,possible,because,they,build,seeWild