漢英翻譯2費下載.ppt

6/3/2020,1,TheShiftofTranslatingUnitsinC-ETranslation:Modifiers(Adverb/Adjective),Cross-lingualunitshifts:Same-layeredshiftCross-layeredshift,6/3/2020,2,1.SemanticallyorientedverbornounmodifiersandtheirsyntacticdislocationinChinese,6/3/2020,3,1.1Degreeofdependenceoflinguisticunits:,Noun:self-containedVerb:valencyModifier(adjective/adverb):modified(noun/verb),6/3/2020,4,OrientationandPositionPrinciple,Semanticallyverb-orientedmodifierislocatedinthevicinityofthemodifiedverbwhilesemanticallynoun-orientedmodifierislocatedinthevicinityofthemodifiednoun.,6/3/2020,5,1.2MismatchesofsemanticorientationandsyntacticpositionofmodifiersinChinese,(1)他早早地炸了盤花生米。(Hefriedadishofpeanutsatanearlytime)(2)他炸了一盤脆脆的花生。(Hehasfriedadishofcrispypeanuts.)他脆脆地炸了一盤花生。(Hecrispilyfriedadishofpeanuts.)(3)他喝了一杯猛酒。(Hehasdownedacupofrapidalcohol.)他猛喝了一杯酒。(Hehasrapidlydownedacupofalcohol.)陳述內(nèi)容要點,6/3/2020,6,1.2MotivationsforthedislocationofmodifierinChinese,a.Perpetuityandtemporariness.(a)狡猾的敵人逃跑了。(b)敵人狡猾地逃跑了。b.Intentionalityandunintentionality.(a)孩子在沙灘上挖了一個深深的洞。(b)孩子在沙灘上深深地挖了一個洞。(fromZhangGuoxian,2005:23）c.Subjectivityandobjectivity.(a)主人沏了一杯濃濃的咖啡。(b)主人濃濃地沏了一杯咖啡。(fromZhangGuoxian,2005:23),6/3/2020,7,2.Thesame-layeredshift,2.1Adverb-to-adverbshift圍在短墻外看光景的孩子們都哈哈大笑。(莫言紅高粱),6/3/2020,8,Somekidssprawledatopthewallhootedgleefully.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,9,父親前邊那個人吭吭地咳嗽起來。(莫言紅高粱),6/3/2020,10,ThemaninfrontofFathercoughedloudly.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,11,王文義歡歡喜喜地跺著腳，不知轉(zhuǎn)到哪里去了。(莫言紅高粱),6/3/2020,12,WangWenyistompeddownjoyfully,butwhereheintendedtofacewasanyonesguess.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,13,他極不情愿地把騾子韁繩交給了一個爛眼圈的老頭子。(莫言紅高粱)festering,6/3/2020,14,Hereluctantlyhandedthemulesovertoanoldgeezerwithfesteringeyes.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,15,2.2.Theadverb-to-adjectiveshift,父親應(yīng)了，余司令就牽著他的手走。王文義哼哼唧唧地跟在后邊。(莫言紅高粱),6/3/2020,16,Fatheranswered,andCommanderYuwalkedoffholdinghimbyhand,followedbythewhimperingWangWenyi.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,17,騾子憤怒起蹄，(明亮的蹄鐵趵起泥土，濺了偽軍一臉。)(莫言紅高粱)hoof,6/3/2020,18,Theangeredanimalpaweditsgroundwithitsrearhooves,itsmetalshoesglintinginthemudthatsprayedthesoldierintheface.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,19,日本兵愕然止步。(莫言紅高粱),6/3/2020,20,ThestartledJapanesesoldierfroze.(translatedbyHowardGoldblatt),6/3/2020,21,由于丁問漁連續(xù)兩天都是魂不附體地出現(xiàn)在任府，大家以懷舊的心情，開始大談丁問漁。(葉兆言1937年的愛情),6/3/2020,22,Becauseforthelasttwodaysinarow,DingsolddistraughtselfhadappearedattheRencompound,everyonestartedtalkingabouthimwithafeelingofnostalgia.(trans.byMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,23,父親感到公路就要到了，他的眼前昏昏黃黃地晃動著路的影子。(莫言紅高粱)Pale-yellow,6/3/2020,24,Fathersensedthatthehighwaywasjustahead,itspale-yellowoutlineswayinginfrontofhim.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,25,我這會卻又不餓了，一點胃口都沒有，什么也吃不下，只是一小口一小口地喝咖啡。這杯咖啡里有股化學(xué)味道，像在喝家具亮光劑。(衛(wèi)慧上海寶貝)Furniturepolish,6/3/2020,26,Suddenly,Ihadnoappetiteatall.Icouldnteatanythingandjustsippedafewmouthfulsofcoffee,whichhadachemicaltaste,likefurniturepolish.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,27,3.Cross-layeredshift,3.1Modifier-to-verbblendingshift雨媛注意到有人從館子里東倒西歪地走出來，(1937年的愛情),6/3/2020,28,Astheycasuallychatted,Yuyuannoticedamanwhostaggeredoutoftherestaurant(trans.byM.Berry),6/3/2020,29,一個工人模樣的中國人，用手中持著的紫紅色的藤條，輕輕戳戳羅漢大爺?shù)念^，說(莫言紅高粱)rattan,6/3/2020,30,WhereaChineseoverseertappedhimontheheadwithapurplishrattanwhipandsaid,6/3/2020,31,我筋疲力盡地從床上爬起來時陽光已照徹屋內(nèi)。(王朔玩得就是心跳),6/3/2020,32,Longafterthesunsrayshadfilledtheroom,Idraggedmyselfweaklyoutofbed.(trans.byH.Golblatt),6/3/2020,33,手機的效果也不十分好，聽上去像在沙沙地下冷雨。(衛(wèi)慧上海寶貝)connection,6/3/2020,34,Andbecausetheconnectionwasntverygood,itsoundedasifcoldrainwaspitter-patteringinthebackground.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,35,3.2Modifier-to-non-predicateverbshift,他頂著一頭金發(fā)，高高地站在我面前，(衛(wèi)慧上海寶貝),6/3/2020,36,IsawMark,withhisgoldencrown,toweringinfrontofme.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,37,有幾個人在大聲劃拳，(1937年的愛情)MakeahubbubPlayafinger-guessgame,6/3/2020,38,Therewereafewpeoplemakingahubbubastheyplayedfinger-guessinggamesovertheirale.(translatedbyMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,39,在另一個房間里，在一堆器械中我看到我的表姐在汗涔涔地跑步。(衛(wèi)慧上海寶貝),6/3/2020,40,InanotherroomIfoundmycousinamidamassofequipment,sweatingheavilyashejoggedonthetreadmill.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,41,黃酒從他嗓子眼里流了進(jìn)去，暖融融地流了進(jìn)去，(余華許三觀賣血記),6/3/2020,42,Thewinefloweddownhisthroat,warminghisinsidesasitwent,(trans.byMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,43,她咬牙切齒地將客廳里的花瓶摔在地上，然后又去撕掛在墻上的一幅山水畫。(葉兆言1937年的愛情),6/3/2020,44,Grittingherteeth,shesmashedaflowervaseontothefloorinthelivingroomandtoreupalandscapepaintinghangingonthewall.(trans.byM.Berry),6/3/2020,45,3.3Modifier-to-predicatelift,丁問漁忘乎所以地說著。(1937年的愛情),6/3/2020,46,DingWenyugotcompletelycarriedaway.(translatedbyMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,47,當(dāng)女兒發(fā)泄完了她的仇恨以后，張氏嘆著氣說，女兒這么做也許是對的，(1937年的愛情),6/3/2020,48,Onceherdaughterbegantocalmdownabit,Mrs.Zhangsighed;sheknewthatLittleMoonwasright.(translatedbyMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,49,4.Thepragmaticeffectsofre-matchesinsemantic-syntacticrelationshipofmodifiersinC-Elanguage,Noun:ReferenceVerb:PredicationAdjective:Modification“Modificationappearstobelargelyanaccessoryfunctiontoreferenceandpredication:restrictivemodificationhelpsfixtheidentityofwhatoneistalkingabout(reference)bynarrowingthedescription,whilenonrestrictivemodificationprovidesasecondarycomment(predication)ontheheadthatitmodifies,inadditiontothemainpredication.”(Croft,1991:51-52),6/3/2020,50,5.Adependence-theoryaccountforsemantic-syntacticcorrelationinC-Etranslation,4.1AutonomyanddependenceHighdependenceofmodifierrendersitselfmoresusceptibletosemantic-syntacticinconsistence.4.2PragmaticandsemanticconcernsIntheprocessofconstructingasententialdiscourse,thespeakerismuchmoreconcernedaboutthepragmaticeffectsofthesentencetobecreated.Forthepositionalshiftofamodifier,thesepragmaticconcernsareconcretizedasthreepairsofpracticalfunctions:perpetuityandtemporariness,intentionalityandunintentionality,subjectivityandobjectivity.Fortheuttereroftheoriginalsentence,pragmaticconcernshavemoresaythansemanticorsyntacticones.4.3SpeakerandtranslatorThetranslatorofasentenceismoreconcernedaboutthesemanticvaluesthanthepragmaticones.Heorshecanshiftthepositionofamodifiertotheperipheryofitssemanticallyorientedascloseraspossibleevenatthecostofsyntacticorpragmaticequivalencewiththeoriginal.Intranslation,semanticconcernshavemoretosaythanpragmaticorsyntacticconcerns.Thisistheveryreasonwhythesyntacticpositionalshiftsintranslationaremotivatedindifferentwaysfromthoseintheoriginalconstructionofthesentence.4.4ChineseandEnglishChineseismoreflexibleinverbalizingpragmaticmotivationsthanEnglish.,6/3/2020,51,6.Conclusion,ForChinese,thereisflexibilityintheadaptingofsyntacticlocationformodifiertomeettherequirementofpragmaticmotivation.ButinC-Etranslation,semanticconcernsprevailoverpragmaticmotivationsbyre-shiftingmodifiersbackintothevicinityofthemodifieditissemanticallyorientedto.,6/3/2020,52,ParagraphTranslation,北方的冬天來得早。這天，晚飯后爸爸說到對面樓里去會棋友殺兩盤。元元臨近期末，功課緊，作業(yè)多，他在這個溫暖、寧靜的小屋里，埋在作業(yè)堆中。不知不覺夜?jié)u深了，他的作業(yè)也才做完。這時他精神松弛下來，突然隱約聽到窗外的咳嗽聲，他憑窗望去，外邊早已紛紛揚揚下起鵝毛大雪，雪中一個穿著棉大衣，戴著大口罩的人，周身皆白，成了雪人啦！他像一下子被電著了，受到極大的震撼，立刻淚流滿面地跑了出去，大聲呼喊：“爸爸呀，爸爸”話未出口竟止不住嗚咽起來。（許行白雪雕像）,6/3/2020,53,北方的冬天來得早。這天，晚飯后爸爸說到對面樓里去會棋友殺兩盤。,6/3/2020,54,北方的冬天來得早。這天，晚飯后爸爸說到對面樓里去會棋友殺兩盤。Wintercomesearlyinthenorth.Aftersupperoneday,papasaidhewouldgotothebuildingacrosstoplayacoupleofgameswithhischesspals.,6/3/2020,55,元元臨近期末，功課緊，作業(yè)多，他在這個溫暖、寧靜的小屋里，埋在作業(yè)堆中。,6/3/2020,56,元元臨近期末，功課緊，作業(yè)多，他在這個溫暖、寧靜的小屋里，埋在作業(yè)堆中。Sincethesemesterendwasdrawingnear,Yuanyuanhadatightcurriculumandpilesofhomework.Inhislittlecozyroom,hewasburiedinhomeworkinsilence.,6/3/2020,57,不知不覺夜?jié)u深了，他的作業(yè)也才做完。,6/3/2020,58,不知不覺夜?jié)u深了，他的作業(yè)也才做完。Notuntil