Scanning-and-Skimming-使用技巧ppt課件

.,1,ScanningandSkimming,Letustestyourreadingspeed!,Canyoureadmymind?,.,2,Skimmingandscanningareveryrapidreadingmethodsinwhichyouglanceatapassagetofindspecificinformation.Thesereadingmethodsmakeiteasierforyoutograsplargeamountsofmaterial,especiallywhenyourepreviewing.Theyarealsousefulwhenyoudontneedtoknoweveryword.,Skimmingandscanningareespeciallyvaluablewhenthereisonlyoneitemofinformationthatyouneedtofindfromaparticularpassage.,.,3,Readthetitle.Readtheintroductionorthefirstparagraph.Readthefirstsentenceofeveryotherparagraph.Noticeanypictures,charts,orgraphs.*Noticeanyitalicizedorboldfacewordsorphrases.Readthesummaryorlastparagraph.,Skimmingreferstotheprocessofreadingonlymainideaswithinapassagetogetanoverallimpressionofthecontentofareadingselection.Anexampleofthisiswhenwereadthetitleofanewspapertoknowwhathappenseveryday.,Howtoskim:,.,4,Statethespecificinformationyouarelookingfor.Trytoanticipatehowtheanswerwillappearandwhatcluesyoumightusetohelpyoulocatetheanswer.Forexample,ifyouwerelookingforacertaindate,youwouldquicklyreadtheparagraphlookingonlyfornumbers.Useheadingsandanyotheraidsthatwillhelpyouidentifywhichsectionsmightcontaintheinformationyouarelookingfor.Selectivelyreadandskipthroughsectionsofthepassage.,Scanningisareadingtechniquetobeusedwhenyouwanttofindspecificinformationquickly.Inscanningyouhaveaquestioninyourmindandyoureadapassageonlytofindtheanswer,ignoringunrelatedinformation.,Howtoscan:,.,5,SkimandScanthisspecialnotein30seconds,SpecialNote:Whenyouskimandscan,youneedtocovereverything,eventitles,subtitles,sidefeatures,andvisuals.Thatbitofinformationyouneedmaynotbetidilypackagedinaparagraph,soyouneedtochecktheentirepage-notjustthemainbodyofthetext,therearealsomanyvisualcluesthathelpyoutofindinformation.Headsandsubheadsbreakupthetextandidentifythecontentofeachpart.Wherekeytermsareintroducedanddefined,theyappearinboldfacetype.Graphsandchartshavetitlesand/orcaptionsthattellyouwhattheyareabout.Theseclueswillhelpyoutofindinformation.butonlyifyouusethem.,CovereverythingCheckentirepageVisualcluesGraphs,chartshavetitles/captions,.,6,SW:SkimandScanthetext:,Anewlypublishedreportindicatesthatjoggingcouldhaveadversehealtheffects,especiallyforthosewhodoitalone.AteamofresearchersfromHarvardUniversityhassuggestedthatgoingforarunonyourownisnotashealthyaspreviouslybelievedandisnowherenearasbeneficialasjoggingaspartofagroup.Theysuggesteditcouldactuallybedetrimentaltooneshealth.Experimentsconductedonratsindicatedthatrunningaloneraisesstresslevelsandstiflesbraincellregeneration.ProfessorElizabethGould,wholedtheresearch,said:“Theseresultssuggestthat,intheabsenceofsocialinteraction,anormallybeneficialexperiencecanexertapotentiallydeleteriousinfluenceonthebrain.”,.,7,Theresearchersmonitoredtwogroupsofratsonexercisewheels.Onegroupexercisedalone,theotheraspartofarodentjoggingteam.Aftertwoweeks,thescientistsconductedteststoascertaintherateofbraincellgrowthinallofthetestanimals.Theresultsrevealedthatthecommunaljoggershaddoubletheamountofnewbraincellsasthesolorunners.ProfessorGouldconcludedthat:“Whenexperiencedinagroupsetting,runningstimulatesneurogenesis(braincellgrowth).However,whenrunningoccursinsocialisolation,thesepositiveeffectsaresuppressed.”Joggersaroundtheworldshouldperhapstaketheresearchwithapinchofsaltandrememberthatjoggingishealthierthantheratrace.,.,8,Part1:Skimming,Answerthefollowingquestionsusingyourownwordsbuttakingintoaccounttheinformationinthetext.Accordingtothetext,isjoggingalonebeneficialforourhealth?Why?Hasthispieceofresearchbeentestedonhumans?2.Choosea,borcineachquestionbelow.Onlyonechoiceiscorrect.SomeHarvardresearchersclaimthatjoggingalonea.isnothealthy.b.isashealthyasitwasthought.c.isnotashealthyasitwasthought.Joggingalone.increasestheproductionofbraincells.increasesthesizeofthebrain.c.reducestheproductionofbraincells.,.,9,Part2:Scanning,ArethefollowingstatementsTRUEorFALSE?Identifythepartofthetextthatsupportsyouranswer.Joggingwithratsstimulatesthe