冠詞用法講解.docx

1、冠詞用法講解冠詞作為一種虛詞，在英語(yǔ)中只能和名詞一起使用。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞。1.不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞有兩個(gè)，a 和 an。a用在輔音開(kāi)頭的單詞前面；an用于以元音開(kāi)頭的單詞前。如：a book, an apple。1） 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”。如： There is a policeman at the door.門(mén)口有個(gè)警察。2) 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示“任何，每個(gè)”。如： A car must be insured.汽車一定要上保險(xiǎn)。3) 不定冠詞用于頭一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞之前。如： There is a box in the room. Th

2、e box is heavy.房間里有個(gè)箱子。這個(gè)箱子很重。4) 不定冠詞和名詞連用作表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)，主要說(shuō)明某個(gè)人或東西所屬類別。如： She is a teacher. 她是個(gè)老師。5） 定冠詞用在價(jià)格、速度、比率等短語(yǔ)中。如：six kilometers an hour 每小時(shí)60公里3 times a day 每天三次6) 不定冠詞用在專有名詞前。如： He wants to buy a Kodak.他想買(mǎi)架柯達(dá)相機(jī)。7）不定冠詞用于某些固定短語(yǔ)中。如： have a try試一下 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得痛快 make a living

3、 謀生 as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 in a word 總而言之2. 定冠詞（the）的用法1） 定冠詞和名詞連用，表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。如：Mother carved the meat into slices媽媽把肉切成了片。2） 定冠詞用于可數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或東西。如：The horse is a useful animal. 馬是一種有用的動(dòng)物。3） 定冠詞用于第二次出現(xiàn)的名詞之前。如：I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.我昨天接到了一封信。那信是電子郵件。4） 定冠詞用于有詞組或

4、者定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞前。如： He is investigating the cause of the fire.他正在調(diào)查這場(chǎng)大火的原因。5） 定冠詞用于某些名詞或者形容詞前，表示一類人，一個(gè)民族，階級(jí)或階層。如：the chinese 中國(guó)人 the rich 富人the dead 死者 the deaf 聾人6） 定冠詞用于指說(shuō)話雙方都知道的人或事。如：Please close the door.請(qǐng)把門(mén)關(guān)上。7） 定冠詞用于世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。如：the sun 太陽(yáng) the earth 地球 the world世界 8） 定冠詞用于序數(shù)詞前表示順序。如： the third gro

5、up 第三組9） 定冠詞用于形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)前面。如：This is the most intersting book I have ever read. 這是我所讀過(guò)的書(shū)中最有趣的一本。10）定冠詞在play后和樂(lè)器連用 如： play the piano彈鋼琴 play the flute吹長(zhǎng)笛11）定冠詞與姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，表示一家人。如： The Blacks came to China in 1994. 布萊克一家是1994年來(lái)中國(guó)的。12）定冠詞的其他用法the Changjiang River長(zhǎng)江 the Red Sea 紅海 （用于表示江河海洋的名詞前）the Taiwa

6、n Straits臺(tái)灣海峽 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥灣 （用于表示海峽海灣的名詞前）the Alps阿爾卑斯山 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 （用于山脈沙漠的名詞前）the Peoples Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó)（用于國(guó)家名稱）the National Gallery國(guó)家美術(shù)館 the Military Museum 軍事博物館(用于公共建筑名前)the State Council國(guó)務(wù)院 the Senate參議院 the House of Representatives 眾議院 （用于機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體名詞前） the Geneva Ag

7、reement日內(nèi)瓦協(xié)議 the Washington Post 華盛頓郵報(bào) (用于報(bào)刊、條約之前)3.不用冠詞的情況1） 表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的職務(wù)、身份前一般不用冠詞。如：Elizabeth II, Queen of England 英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白二世He was elected chairmen of the committee.他當(dāng)選為協(xié)會(huì)主席。2） 表示球類、棋類的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目不加冠詞。如: play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋3） 在一日三餐名詞前不用冠詞。如： have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯4） 交通工具名詞前不用冠詞

8、如：by car坐汽車 by ship 坐船by plane坐飛機(jī)on foot 步行5） 在一些地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。當(dāng)人們?nèi)ミ@些地方做在這些地方應(yīng)該做的事時(shí)，不加冠詞。go home回家 go to school去上學(xué) go to church去教堂祈禱in hospital住院 go to work上班注：如果在上述詞組前面加上定冠詞the,可以表示去這些場(chǎng)所做其他的事情。如：He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他來(lái)學(xué)校和校長(zhǎng)談話。He went t

9、o the church to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.他媽媽生病住院了，他就一直在醫(yī)院里面照顧她。4.泛指概念的四種表達(dá)方式1） 不帶the 的不可數(shù)名詞可以表示泛指I like music.我喜歡音樂(lè)。2） 不帶the 的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指。Bananas are yellow.香蕉是黃色的。3） “the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”可以表示泛指The elephant is the largest land mamma

10、l.大象是陸地上最大的哺乳動(dòng)物。4） “不定冠詞a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞” 可以表示泛指。A dog makes good pet.狗是很好的寵物。冠詞練習(xí)題： 1. Tomorrow is _ Teachers Day and well make _ card for our English teacher. 2. The bus is running about seventy miles_ hour. 3. Mary is interested in _ science. 4. Some people dont like to talk at _ table. 5. Last night

11、I went to_ bed very late. 6. Dont worry. We still have _ little time left. 7. What _ beautiful day! And what _ fine weather! 8. In _ winter it is cold in _ Beijing and warm in _Shanghai. 9. John is_ cleverest boy in his class. 10. We cant live without _ water or _ air. 11. Tomorrow Mr. Smith will le

12、ave Paris, _capital of_ France, for Washington by_ air. 12. We were having_ lunch when they came in. 13. This is _ book you gave me last week. 14. What did you do _ last Saturday? 15. March 8 is _ Womens Day. 16. If _ weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park. 17. I prefer playing _ piano to

13、playing _ basketball. 18. At _ age of five, he read a lot of books. 19. Tom and Lucy are of _ same age. 20. _ harder we study, _ more we learn. 冠詞答案：1. ; a 2.an 3. 4. 5. 6. a 7.a; 8. ; ; 9.the 10.; 11. the; ; 12. 13.the 14. 15. 16.the 17.the; 18.the 19.the 20. The; the1 When Linda was a child， her m

14、other always let her have _ bedA the breakfast inB the breakfast in the C breakfast inD breakfast in the2 Beyond _ stars the astronaut saw nothing but _ spaceA the， 不填 B 不填，theC 不填，不填 D the， the3 Alexander Graham Bell invented _ telephone in 1876A 不填 B aC the D one4 After watching _ TV， she played _

15、 violin for an hourA 不填，不填B the， the C the， 不填D 不填，the5 Many people are still in _ habit of writing silly things in _ public placesA the， theB 不填，不填C the， 不填 D 不填，the6 Paper money was in _ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth centuryA the， 不填B the， the C 不填，theD 不填，不填7 Ha

16、ve you seen _ pen? I left it here this morningIs it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhereA a， theB the， theC the， aD a， a8 She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveriesA the， the B the， 不填 C a， 不填 D a， the9 Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a m

17、ust in _ international trade todayA a， 不填B the， anC the， theD 不填，the10 _ usually go to church every SundayA The BrownB A BrownC BrownsD The Browns11 The train is running fifty miles _A an hourB one hourC the hourD a hour12 _ earth we live on is bigger than_ moonA The， a B The， the C An， a D An， the1

18、3 Whats the matter with you ?I caught _ bad cold and had to stay in _bedA a， /B a， theC a， aD the， the14 Do you know _ lady in blue?Yes She is a teacher of a universityA theB aC an D /15 Wheres _ nearest supermarket?Its over there， just around the cornerA a B an C theD /16 The young man will work in

19、 _ school as a maths teacherA the B aC an D /17 Most of the representatives think that _ the meeting was very successfulA on whole of B on a whole C on the whole D on the whole that18 The investigators found that more should be done for _ in IndiaA those poorB a poorC poorD the poor19 He grabbed me

20、_ and pulled me onto the busA a arm B an arm C the arm D by the arm20 “How did you pay the workers?”“As a rule， they are paid _”A by an yourB by the hour C by a hourD by hours21 What _ exciting football match！ Our team beat Toms team at lastA a B an C the D /22 In the United States， Fathers Day falls on _ third Sunday in _ JuneA the，不填 B the， a C 不填， the D a， 不填23 I have two dogs _ black one is two years old and _ yellow one is three years oldA A， a B The， aC The， theD A the24 _ new bridge has been built over _ Huangpu RiverA The， a B A， /C A， theD