高中英語(yǔ)必修四Unit3課文詳解

1、必修四 Unit 3 A Taste of English Humour 品味英國(guó)人的幽默I Vocabularyhumour n.幽默；滑稽punchline n.故事、笑話中的妙語(yǔ)；關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)verbal adj.口頭上 nonverbal adj.不用語(yǔ)言的mime n. 啞劇comedy n.戲劇up to now 直到現(xiàn)在brighten vt.使更愉快；使更有希望depressed adj.憂愁的；沮喪的content adj.滿足的；滿意的feel/be content with對(duì)滿足astonish vt.使驚詫 astonishing adj.令人感到驚訝的fortunate a

2、dj.幸運(yùn)的；吉利的 unfortunately adv.不幸地badly off 窮的；缺少的ordinary adj.平常的；普通的bored adj.厭煩的subtle adj.微妙的；精巧的；技藝精湛的entertain vt. & vi.使歡樂(lè)；款待 entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的charming adj.迷人的；有魅力的tramp n.流浪的；行乞者throughout prep.遍及；貫穿 adv.到處；始終；全部moustache n.小胡子worn adj.用舊的；用壞的；破爛的worn-out adj.磨破的；穿舊的stiffly adv.僵硬地failu

3、re n.失?。ㄕ撸﹐ptimism n.樂(lè)觀；樂(lè)觀主義overcome vt. & vi.戰(zhàn)勝；克服underdog n.失敗者；處于劣勢(shì)的一方snowstorm n.暴風(fēng)雪leather n. 皮革pick out 挑出；辨別出cut off 切斷；斷絕chew vt. & vi.咀嚼m(xù)outhful n.一口；滿口enjoyment n.享受；歡樂(lè)；樂(lè)趣convince vt.使信服 convincing adj.令人信服的direct vt. & vi.導(dǎo)演；指示；指揮star in 擔(dān)任主角；主演outstanding adj.突出的；杰出的confidence n.信心；信念cos

4、tume n.服裝；戲裝gesture n.姿態(tài)；手勢(shì)II Reading A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR無(wú)語(yǔ)的幽默大師As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”, and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.正如維克特雨果曾經(jīng)所說(shuō)的：“歡笑就是驅(qū)走人們臉上冬靄的陽(yáng)光”，至今為止，在這方面查理卓別林做得最好。He brightened t

5、he lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.在整個(gè)兩次世界大戰(zhàn)及兩次大戰(zhàn)之間的艱苦歲月，他點(diǎn)亮了美國(guó)人和英國(guó)人的生活?！咀⑨?zhuān)?in between在中間的狀況：eg. My roommates disagreed and I was caught in between.我的室友不同意，我被夾在中間進(jìn)退兩難】 He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so（that） they could fe

6、el more content with their lives.在人們感到沮喪時(shí)，他使人們歡笑，使人們對(duì)生活更加滿意?！咀⑨?zhuān)篴t a time 每次；在某時(shí) be content with = be satisfied with = be pleased with = be happey with 對(duì)滿意； be content to do sth.樂(lè)意做某事； content sb./ oneself with sth.滿足于；對(duì)感到滿意； to ones hearts content心滿意足地；盡情地 eg. 1) We can swim in the river to our hea

7、rts content.我們可以在河里盡情地游泳。 2） He is content to work as a teacher.他當(dāng)了一名教師很滿意。 3） Dont be content with such a small success.不要滿足于這樣的小成功。 4） We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.我們不可以滿足于僅僅有一點(diǎn)書(shū)本知識(shí)。 試題：Those who are not _ with the progress they have made will have greater success.A.

8、content B. proud C. strict D. popular 辨析：content多指內(nèi)心的滿意程度，只能作表語(yǔ)，若需作定語(yǔ)，則用contented; contented是過(guò)去分詞作形容詞，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)與content相同，但只能與with搭配，不能接不定式。Eg. a contented smile; He is by all means content/ contented with her answer.他一定很滿意她的答案。（by all means盡一切辦法；一定。） 】Not that Charlies own life was easy! 倒不是查理自己的生活很安逸.【

9、注釋?zhuān)簄ot that倒不是 eg. He is poor in English, not that he doesnt work hard, but that he lacks right methods. 】He was born in a poor family in 1889.他于1889年出生在一個(gè)貧苦的家庭， His parents were both poor music hall performers.他的父母兩個(gè)都是貧窮的音樂(lè)大廳演職人員。You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon a

10、s he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.你也許會(huì)覺(jué)得令人驚訝的是：卓別林剛會(huì)說(shuō)話就有人教他音樂(lè)，剛一會(huì)走路就有人教他跳舞?！咀⑨?zhuān)篴stonishing adj. 令人十分驚訝的； to ones astonishment使某人萬(wàn)分驚訝的是；in astonishment驚訝地； be astonished at/ by sth.因某事而吃驚； be astonished to do sth.因干某事而吃驚 eg. 1) We were astonished at the news of her sudden death. 2)

11、It was an astonishing story. 3) He was astonished to learn hed won the competition. 4) To my astonishment, the man lifted the rock effortlessly. 5) I looked round me in astonishment. 試題：1） They are so _ for they have never thought of it before.A. astonishing B. astonished C. surprising D. afraid 2)

12、I hadnt thought he would attend the party, so his appearance _ me.A. astonished B. woke C. assumed D. puzzled 辨析： shock, amaze, astonish, surprise (1) shock程度最強(qiáng)，指“震驚”，一般指“令人震驚的壞事”。 Eg. They were shocked by her rudeness.(2) amaze和astonish程度較強(qiáng)，amaze一般指“令人驚訝的好事”；astonish特指 “由于遇到不可理解的意外而吃驚”。 Eg. Your pa

13、ssing the college entrance examination did amaze me. (3) Surprise程度最弱，指“由于意外或突然而感到驚訝”。 I was surprised to learn that he was taking drugs.】 Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain.尤其是當(dāng)家庭收入是經(jīng)常的不確定時(shí)，這種訓(xùn)練在當(dāng)時(shí)的表演家庭是常見(jiàn)的。 Unfortunately

14、his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是，他的父親去世了，使得家庭更為貧困，所以查理的童年是在照看生病的媽媽和弟弟上度過(guò)的。【注釋?zhuān)簂eave sb./sth. + 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：讓某人處于某種狀態(tài) eg. When I went to school I left my books at home.去上學(xué)時(shí)，我把書(shū)落在家里了。 worse off惡化；情況更壞；badly off

15、貧困，貧窮; better off情況較好 eg. Youd be better off with a bicycle.你最好騎自行車(chē)。； right off立刻，馬上 (= straight off)； well off富裕； be well off for某物充裕 eg. 1) I have got a big room so Im not too badly off.我有一間大房子，所以住得還不錯(cuò)。 2） His family is not well off.他的家境不太富裕。 3） Were well off for storage space in the new offices.我

16、們的新辦公室里有很多儲(chǔ)藏東西的地方。 試題：In fact, most people in Africa are _ than those in Europe. A. poorer off B. worse off C. better off D. richer off 】 By his teens, Charlis had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England.到十幾歲的時(shí)候，查理通過(guò)他的幽默，已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)英國(guó)最受歡迎的兒童演員。 He could mime and act th

17、e fool doing ordinary everyday tasks.他能模仿表演傻子做的日常事務(wù)。 No one was ever bored watching him his subtle acting made everything entertaining.觀看他的表演，沒(méi)有人會(huì)感到厭煩他那微妙的表演使得每一件事都具有娛樂(lè)性。As time went by, he began making films.接著，他開(kāi)始拍電影。 He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, becam

18、e known throughout the world.隨著他那迷人的角色流浪漢聞名于世，他越來(lái)越受歡迎?！咀⑨?zhuān)篵e/ become known for = be famous for以出名 eg. 1) The islanders are known for their hospitality.島上的居民以好客聞名。 2) This new theatre is becoming known for its good productions.這家新劇院因上演節(jié)目的質(zhì)量好而漸漸出名。 Be known as + 身份名詞 = be famous as + 身份名詞 ：被稱(chēng)為；以而出名。 e

19、g. They are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate.它們以眾議院和參議院而出名?！?The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.那個(gè)流浪漢，一個(gè)貧窮、無(wú)家可歸的人，留著小胡子，穿著肥大的褲子，一雙破鞋和一頂小的黑色圓帽。【注釋?zhuān)盒稳菰~語(yǔ)序排列：限描大長(zhǎng)高，形年新老少，色國(guó)料用類(lèi)：限（定詞：冠詞、數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞、指示代詞）描(述性）大

20、（小）長(zhǎng)（短）高（低），形（狀方形、圓形)年(齡）新（舊）老少，（顏）色國(guó)（籍或來(lái)源出處）料（材料）用（途）類(lèi)（別）+名詞。如：a small round black hat.】 He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick.手里拿著拐杖，僵硬地到處走動(dòng)。【注釋?zhuān)篶arrying a walking stick是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨的情況。此時(shí)的carrying與主語(yǔ)“He”之間的邏輯關(guān)系為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。】 This character was a social failure but was loved for hi

21、s optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. 這個(gè)角色是一個(gè)社會(huì)的失敗者，但卻為他的樂(lè)觀主義和克服各種困難的決心所喜歡，He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.他是一個(gè)受壓迫者:即便當(dāng)別人對(duì)他不友好，但他依然對(duì)別人友好?！咀⑨?zhuān)篹ven when = even though =even if即便，即使?！縃ow did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining?這個(gè)小

22、流浪漢是怎樣將一個(gè)悲傷的境遇變成愉快的、有趣的呢？【注釋?zhuān)篹ntertain sb. (to sth.)宴客；招待，款待； entertain sb. (with sth.)（用)使某人快樂(lè)。如： 1） They often entertained their friends at weekends.他們常在周末款待朋友。 2） I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home.我喜歡在家里用音樂(lè)和茶點(diǎn)招待朋友。 試題：1) The actor _ the children with all kinds of tri

23、cks, which they _ very much.A. entertained; entertained B. entertained; enjoyed C. enjoyed; entertained D. enjoyed; enjoyed2) In his spare time, he often listens to the music and watches _ films to relax himself. A. fighting B. entertaining C. educating D. understanding 】 Here is an example from one

24、 of his most famous films, The Gold Rush.這是來(lái)自他的最著名的電影淘金熱的一個(gè)例子。 It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California.那是十九世紀(jì)中葉，在加利福尼亞剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)金礦。 Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success.像那么多的人一樣，這個(gè)小流浪漢和他的朋友們也沖

25、到那里去尋找金子，但沒(méi)有成功?！咀⑨?zhuān)簊o many/ much/ few/ little + n. 注意：當(dāng)little表示“少”時(shí)，用so修飾；如果little表示的意思為“小”時(shí)，則不可用so,而要用such, 如： They are such little children.他們是那么小的孩子。 There is so little water in the bottle.這個(gè)瓶子里的水是那么少?！?Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothi

26、ng to eat.而是在一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雪中躲藏在山邊的一間小草屋里，沒(méi)有東西吃。【注釋?zhuān)簑ith nothing to eat系“with + n. + 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式）”結(jié)構(gòu)。 如：1） With nothing to do, all of us went home yesterday. 2）Tom just sat there with his mouth open.湯姆只張著嘴坐在那兒。 3） The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 4) With all the work completed, the w

27、orkers are now on holiday. 】 They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.他們是那樣的饑餓以致于他們?cè)囍笠浑p皮鞋當(dāng)飯吃?！咀⑨?zhuān)簍ry doing sth.試著做某事； try to do sth.試圖/努力做某事。如： 1） He tried to climb the tree, but he could not.他試圖爬樹(shù)，可爬不上去。 2) They learned to try using new methods, and to trus

28、t their own ideas instead of follwing older ways.他們學(xué)習(xí)試用新的方法,相信自己的思想,而不是循用老的方法。(08湘-34) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _ alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived 注意：有些動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)名詞和不定式意義完全不一樣。如： mean doing sth.意味著做某事； m

29、ean to do sth.打算做某事；（06湘） If you think that treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again. A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)某事（已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事，只是忘記了）；forget to do sth.忘記做某事（某事忘記做了，即未做某事）； regret doing sth.對(duì)做過(guò)了的事情感到遺憾，即遺憾做過(guò)某事；regret to do sth.對(duì)要做的事感到遺憾，即遺憾

30、要做某事； remember doing sth.記得做過(guò)某事；remember to do sth.記得要做某事。(95-26) You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done （=doing) （09陜-12） I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. t

31、o be taken C. taking D. being taken (= having been taken)stop to do sth.停下來(lái)（現(xiàn)在做的事）開(kāi)始做（不定式所表示的）某事； stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止現(xiàn)在在做的事）； go on to do sth.(做完一件事之后)接著做另一件事； go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做一直在做的某事； cant help to do sth.不能幫助做某事; cant help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事 】 Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.查理首先挑出飾帶吃，（吃起來(lái)）好像是意大利面條似的?！咀⑨?zhuān)簆ick out：挑選，選出： eg. picked out the best piece of silk.挑出最好的一匹絲綢 分辨：從環(huán)境中辯認(rèn)出；分辨出：picked out their cousins from the crowd.從人群中認(rèn)