綜合類單_選集考試卷模擬考試題_12

1、姓名：_ 班級：_ 學號：_-密-封 -線- 綜合類單_選集考試卷模擬考試題考試時間：120分鐘 考試總分：100分題號一二三四五總分分數(shù)遵守考場紀律，維護知識尊嚴，杜絕違紀行為，確保考試結果公正。1、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。b第一篇/bbreasoning/b? ?another common type ofreasoning is the search for causes and results. we want to know whethercigarettes re

2、ally do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay ofcities, or the decay of teeth. we are equally interested in effects: what is theeffect of sulphur of lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage inrivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before anexamination? ?caus

3、al reasoning may go from cause to effect orfrom effect to cause. either way, we reason from what we know to what we want tofind out, sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to anothereffect. thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, therefrigerator wont work, we fir

4、st relate the effect (lights out) to the cause(power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator notworking). this kind of reasoning is calls, for short, effect to effect. it isquite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. when thelights go out we might r

5、eason in the following causal chain: lights outpoweroffrefrigerator not workingtemperature will risemilk will sour. in otherwords, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becomingthe cause of the next.? ?causes are classified as necessary,sufficient, or contributory. a neces

6、sary cause is one which must be present forthe effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine. asufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may bemore than one sufficient cause: a dead battery is enough to keep a car fromstarting, but faulty spar

7、k plugs or an empty gas tank will have the same effect.a contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so byitself, as running through a red light may. help cause an accident, though otherfactors-pedestrians or other cars in the intersectionmust also bepresent.? ?in establ

8、ishing or refuting (駁倒) a causal relation itis usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged (所謂的) causeproduces the effect. such an explanation is called a causal process.what the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about _. （ ）a.relationships between cause and re

9、sultsb.classification of reasoningc.some other common types of reasoningd.some special type of reasoning2、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。b第一篇/bbreasoning/b? ?another common type ofreasoning is the search for causes and results. we want to know whethercigarett

10、es really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay ofcities, or the decay of teeth. we are equally interested in effects: what is theeffect of sulphur of lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage inrivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before anexamination?

11、?causal reasoning may go from cause to effect orfrom effect to cause. either way, we reason from what we know to what we want tofind out, sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to anothereffect. thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, therefrigerator wont work, w

12、e first relate the effect (lights out) to the cause(power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator notworking). this kind of reasoning is calls, for short, effect to effect. it isquite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. when thelights go out we mi

13、ght reason in the following causal chain: lights outpoweroffrefrigerator not workingtemperature will risemilk will sour. in otherwords, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becomingthe cause of the next.? ?causes are classified as necessary,sufficient, or contributory. a

14、necessary cause is one which must be present forthe effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine. asufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may bemore than one sufficient cause: a dead battery is enough to keep a car fromstarting, but faulty

15、 spark plugs or an empty gas tank will have the same effect.a contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so byitself, as running through a red light may. help cause an accident, though otherfactors-pedestrians or other cars in the intersectionmust also bepresent.? ?in e

16、stablishing or refuting (駁倒) a causal relation itis usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged (所謂的) causeproduces the effect. such an explanation is called a causal process.according to the passage, to do the “effect to effect” reasoning is to reason _. （ ）a.from cause to effectb.fr

17、om effect to causec.from effect to effect and on to caused.from effect to cause and on to another effect3、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。b第一篇/bbreasoning/b? ?another common type ofreasoning is the search for causes and results. we want to know whethercigarett

18、es really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay ofcities, or the decay of teeth. we are equally interested in effects: what is theeffect of sulphur of lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage inrivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before anexamination?

19、?causal reasoning may go from cause to effect orfrom effect to cause. either way, we reason from what we know to what we want tofind out, sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to anothereffect. thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, therefrigerator wont work, w

20、e first relate the effect (lights out) to the cause(power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator notworking). this kind of reasoning is calls, for short, effect to effect. it isquite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. when thelights go out we mi

21、ght reason in the following causal chain: lights outpoweroffrefrigerator not workingtemperature will risemilk will sour. in otherwords, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becomingthe cause of the next.? ?causes are classified as necessary,sufficient, or contributory. a

22、necessary cause is one which must be present forthe effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine. asufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may bemore than one sufficient cause: a dead battery is enough to keep a car fromstarting, but faulty

23、 spark plugs or an empty gas tank will have the same effect.a contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so byitself, as running through a red light may. help cause an accident, though otherfactors-pedestrians or other cars in the intersectionmust also bepresent.? ?in e

24、stablishing or refuting (駁倒) a causal relation itis usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged (所謂的) causeproduces the effect. such an explanation is called a causal process.a necessary cause is _. （ ）a.one without which it is impossible for the effect to occurb.one of the causes tha

25、t can produce the effectc.one that is enough to make the effect occurd.none of them4、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。b第一篇/bbreasoning/b? ?another common type ofreasoning is the search for causes and results. we want to know whethercigarettes really do cause lu

26、ng cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay ofcities, or the decay of teeth. we are equally interested in effects: what is theeffect of sulphur of lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage inrivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before anexamination? ?causal reasoning may

27、 go from cause to effect orfrom effect to cause. either way, we reason from what we know to what we want tofind out, sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to anothereffect. thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, therefrigerator wont work, we first relate the ef

28、fect (lights out) to the cause(power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator notworking). this kind of reasoning is calls, for short, effect to effect. it isquite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. when thelights go out we might reason in the fol

29、lowing causal chain: lights outpoweroffrefrigerator not workingtemperature will risemilk will sour. in otherwords, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becomingthe cause of the next.? ?causes are classified as necessary,sufficient, or contributory. a necessary cause is on

30、e which must be present forthe effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine. asufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may bemore than one sufficient cause: a dead battery is enough to keep a car fromstarting, but faulty spark plugs or an em

31、pty gas tank will have the same effect.a contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so byitself, as running through a red light may. help cause an accident, though otherfactors-pedestrians or other cars in the intersectionmust also bepresent.? ?in establishing or refuti

32、ng (駁倒) a causal relation itis usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged (所謂的) causeproduces the effect. such an explanation is called a causal process.your refrigerator is not working and you have found that the electric power has been cut off. the power failure is a _. （ ）a.necess

33、ary causeb.sufficient causec.contributory caused.none of them5、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。b第一篇/bbreasoning/b? ?another common type ofreasoning is the search for causes and results. we want to know whethercigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what causes

34、 malnutrition, the decay ofcities, or the decay of teeth. we are equally interested in effects: what is theeffect of sulphur of lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage inrivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before anexamination? ?causal reasoning may go from cause to effe

35、ct orfrom effect to cause. either way, we reason from what we know to what we want tofind out, sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to anothereffect. thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, therefrigerator wont work, we first relate the effect (lights out) to the cause(power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator notworking). this kind of reasoning is calls, for short, effect to effect. it isquite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. when thelights go out we might reason in the following causal