標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型的缺陷及其完善

1、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型的缺陷及其完善Theflawsandperfectionofthestandardmodelofparticlephysics摘要Abstract標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型(SM)是描述基本粒子強(qiáng)相互作用和電弱相互作用的規(guī)范理論。本文簡單介紹了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，指出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型存在的不自然性問題、中微子問題以及自由參數(shù)太多等問題。進(jìn)而，介紹了幾個重要的新物理模型TheStandardModel(SM)isagaugetheorytodescribestrongandelectroweakinteractionsofelementaryparticles.Thispaperbrieflyintroduces

2、thebasicstructureofthestandardmodel,pointoutthestandardmodelinthepresenceofunnaturalproblems,neutrinoproblemsaswellasfreeparametersistoomuchwaitforaproblem.Then,introducesseveralimportantnewphysicalmodel引言目前，粒子物理的理論和實驗都是圍繞著標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型進(jìn)行的，該SU(3)c*SU(2)L*U(1)規(guī)范理論可以描述各種微觀粒子之間的強(qiáng)、弱和電磁相互作用，并且通過Higgs機(jī)制來實現(xiàn)將對稱性破缺到S

3、U(3)c*U(1)em.自從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型建立以來，它己經(jīng)成功地預(yù)言和解釋了眾多精確的微觀實驗結(jié)果。然而，眾所周知的是，模型本身更應(yīng)該視為某個更基本理論在電弱能標(biāo)下的極好有效近似，畢竟它的自由參數(shù)太多、沒有包含暗物質(zhì)、不能很滿意地解釋中微子現(xiàn)象、Higgs部分還存在二次發(fā)散問題等等,這就促使人們不斷提出新的物理模型，以期解決標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型所面對的這些具體問題，并希望能揭示那個更基本理論的一些性質(zhì)。其中流行的新模型有超對稱模型、小Higgs模型、額外維模型等等。本文主要介超標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型，特別是電弱相互作用的Weinberg-Salam-Glashow模型，包括它的規(guī)范作用方式、Yukawa相互作用和對稱性自發(fā)

4、破缺以及Higgs機(jī)制，緊接著我們列舉該模型的一些備受矚目的缺陷以及幾種流行的新物理模型。At present, particle physics theory and experiment are carried out around the standard model, this is SU(3)c*SU(2)L*U(1) specification for theory can describe the various microscopic particles between the strong and weak and electromagnetic interactions,

5、and through the Higgs mechanism to realize will symmetry breaking to SU(3)c*U(1)em. Since the establishment of the standard model, it has been successfully predicted and explained many of the results of accurate micro experiment. However, it is well known that the model itself should be regarded as

6、an excellent and effective approximation of a more basic theory in electric power. After all, it has too many free parameters, not including dark matter, and can not be satisfied to explain the phenomenon of neutrinos, Higgs part of the existence of two divergent questions, etc. This prompted people

7、 to put forward the new physical model, in order to solve the problem of the standard model, and hope to reveal some of the nature of the more basic theory. The popular new model has the super symmetry model, the small Higgs model, the extra dimension model and so on. In this paper, we introduce the standard model, especially the Weinberg-Salam-Glashow model, which includes its specification, Yukawa interaction, and Higg