高頻動詞用法詳解.doc

1、高頻動詞用法詳解1.askA.問 1) vt. May I ask you a question? I have something to ask you. Jack asked me how to start the machine. She asked what time it was.2) vi. I asked only out of curiosity. Tom went to ask about the train. If you dont understand, ask.B.要求；請求；征求 vt. Im going to the workers to ask their adv

2、ice. He asked Joe to get in touch with them. He was asked to see them off.C.邀請 vt. They asked us over their dinner. They often ask him out to sea.D.習語 ask about詢問、打聽 ask after問候 ask for請求、找某人、要求 ask sth. of sb. 向某人問2.break vt. A. 打破、打碎、打斷 Who broke the window into pieces? He fell and broke his leg.

3、Try not to break the silence. B.違反 He often breaks his promise/his word/ the law/ the rule. C.習語break away突然離開break away from sb.脫離、離開、背棄break down 中斷、粉碎、發(fā)生故障、（身體）跨了、（機器）壞了break forth迸發(fā)、爆發(fā)、發(fā)泄break in闖進、打斷break in on sb.打斷某人的談話break into闖入、侵占breakinto pieces打碎break off折斷、突然中斷breakopen 撬開break out爆發(fā)br

4、eak through突破breakup開墾、破碎、解散、分解break with sb.與某人斷交break sbs heart使某人心碎3.bring A. vt. 帶來、拿來（由遠而近） Bring me the paper, please. He forgot to bring his umbrella. May I bring her to see you? Shall I bring the books upstairs? After we were seated, she brought out dishes.B.習語 bringabout造成、導(dǎo)致 bring down打落（飛

5、機、禽鳥等）、降低（物價、溫度等） bring forward提出 bringin引進、介紹、收獲 bringinto being實現(xiàn)、使產(chǎn)生 bringinto effect/practice實行、貫徹 bringout出版、發(fā)表 bringto an end/ a stop/ a close使終止、結(jié)束 bring to mind使想起、回憶起 bringtogether集合；召集 bringup養(yǎng)育、嘔吐 bringto victory使走向勝利 bringto safety帶到安全地帶4.catchA. vt. 抓住、逮住、掛住The nail caught my coat. He c

6、aught my hand and held it tightly. We caught ten monkeys in all. 但是 vi. 掛住 His coat caught on a nail. The kite caught in a tree.B.趕上、搭上 Well hurry and catch the 10:30 bus.C.聽懂 Pease repeat it. I didnt quite catch you. Do you catch my meaning?D.染上 He caught a bad flu.E.（出其不意地）撞上、碰上 She caught him smo

7、king. Some boys were caught stealing flowers from the garden.F. 給撞上、碰上 The ship was caught in a hurricane. One night we were caught in a thunderstorm. Hurry up and dont get caught in a storm.G.習語catch at sth. 想抓住、設(shè)法抓住catch sb. by surprise出其不意抓住catch/get/seize/take hold of（突然）抓住、抓牢catch sbs attention

8、/eye吸引某人注意catch sight of看到、發(fā)現(xiàn)catch the point of抓住的要點catch up趕上catch up with趕上 5doA. aux. v.(1) 幫助構(gòu)成一般過去時或一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問或否定式 They do not believe it. When id they arrive there? (2) 用在肯定句和祈使句中加強語氣 I do miss you, Mum. She does sing well. Do be on time. So she did come after all. (3) 用來表示前邊提到的動作（以免重復(fù)） -May I c

9、ome round in the evening? -Yes, please do. I knew he would help us, and he did. (4) 用于某些倒裝句中 Only then did I realize he had been wrong. Never did he know anything about it.B. 做 vt. Can I do anything for you? We often do our homework together. The glass is broken. who did it? We did some reading last

10、 night. She did most of the talking.C. vi. (1) 表示生活、學習等情況How do you do?They did very well in English but badly in maths.How did you do in the exam? How are you doing?(2) 行了、夠了、可以O(shè)n e piece of bread will do.Talking with your mouth full wont do.(3) 做、辦 Do as you are told to.When in Rome, do as the Rom

11、ans do.Let her do as she likes.D.習語dowith處理 What have you done with my bike?can do with將就用 I can do with the old bed.do something about對采取措施do sb. a favor=do a favor for sb.幫某人個忙do away with廢除、破除、去掉do sb. good/harm/wrong= do good/harm/wrong to sb. 對某人有益/有害/冤枉某人do ones best/ bit/part=do everything/al

12、l/what one can盡力do up包扎、扣（紐扣）do without沒有也行、不需要have something to do with與有關(guān)do right/wrong做得對/做錯了6.expect1. vt. 期待、預(yù)料、等待Its what weve expected.Is this the letter you have been expecting?We expect to finish the work by Friday. I expect that they will drop in. I expect you to make more progress. -Will

13、he be back tonight? -I expect so. You arrived earlier than we had expected.2.習語 as (is/ was/ has been) expected不出所料 They came late again, as was expected. expect too much of sb.對某人期待過高7.feel感覺、覺得A. (1) vt Do you feel any pain when I press here? Facing this situation, they felt both joy and fear. (2)

14、 link v. I dont feel very well today. The busier he is, the happier he feels. The desk feels smooth. (3) vt. 接復(fù)合賓語 I felt someone go upstairs. I felt a great weight taken off my mind after the exam. She felt their eyes watching her when she came to the stage. She felt herself (to be) right. I felt i

15、t my duty to help you. He felt it necessary to talk about his own shortcomings. (4) vt. 賓語從句 He felt strongly that we should take some action about the bad practice.B. vt. 摸 He felt the pot and it felt very hot.C.習語feel like doing sth.想要feel ones way摸索前進feel sbs pulse切脈feel as if/ as though感覺似乎 She

16、felt as if she were a member of the family.feel quite oneself 覺得身體很好8.findA. vt. (1) 發(fā)現(xiàn) I found a wallet on the street corner yesterday. He found her in danger.=He found that she was in danger. I found him (to be) a tough guy.=I found that he was a tough guy.This method was found to be practical.=It

17、 was found that the method was practical. I find it interesting to read these stories.= I find that it is interesting to =read these stories. I found a dog killed in the park.= I found that a dog had been killed in the park. I found a man breaking into a warehouse.= I found that a man was breaking i

18、nto a warehouse.(2) 找到 Have you found the book you have been looking for?B.習語findout查清楚；弄明白；了解；打聽find ones way to sp.設(shè)法趕到；進入 They found their way to the front of the crowd. The news found its way to a lot of people.find fault with sb. 對某人吹毛求疵；挑剔find oneself發(fā)現(xiàn)自己、不自覺地 They found themselves in a diffic

19、ult situation. Then I found myself surrounded by some boys. He found himself walking in the direction to the park.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不知不覺地在往公園的方向走。9.getA. vt.得到、弄來 Where did you get these good ideas? Let me go get the doctor. Will you get me a ticket?=Will you get a ticket for me? He got a poor wage. Lets get som

20、ething to eat.B.習語get about（消息）傳開 A rumor(謠傳) got around that Fu Biao was ill in hospital.getacross講清楚;渡過 I wonder how to get my new ideas across.get ahead of領(lǐng)先get along進展、過活、相處get away逃掉get away from避免、擺脫、離開get back回來getback收回、找回get behind落后get down記下來get down to (business/ work/ studies)認真做get to

21、know/ realize/love/like逐漸地了解/愛上get in進來getin收進來、請來get off起飛、下車、出發(fā)getoff脫下get on上車/船/飛機等；繼續(xù)進行；相處getout拔出、洗掉、出版get out傳出 News got out that you were leaving.get over克服、擺脫get rid of消滅、擺脫、除掉get round繞過、回避get somewhere有結(jié)果/成就get through做完、結(jié)束；看完、用完get together聚會、聯(lián)歡get up起床、舉辦 The students are going to get u

22、p a concert on May Day.have got=have有have got to=have to不得不10.give vt. 給 Who is going to give the talk? He was given a good beating last night.習語giveaway泄露、送掉、分配giveback歸還、報復(fù)give.forth發(fā)出；發(fā)表give in屈服、讓步givein交上give in to sb./ sth.屈服于；對讓步giveoff放出、發(fā)出（光、熱、氣味等）give oneself up to doing sth. 獻身于、專心于give u

23、p放棄、投降giveup停止、戒掉give way to sb.讓步；讓位于 As winter gave way to spring, days were getting longer.given that假定；已知give sb. a hand幫某人忙give rise to導(dǎo)致11.go A. vi. 走 He has gone back home a newspaper. Pride goes before a fall.B. link v. He went hungry for a week. His face went pale when he heard the news. Th

24、is guy went wild/ crazy/ mad after the loss of his wife. Dont ever eat the bread. It has gone bad.C.習語go after設(shè)法得到；追求go along向前發(fā)展 Well learn as we go along.go back on ones word/ promise失信go back to追溯到 This custom goes back to Roman times.go beyond超過go down下落；減弱 go up增長；提高go into研究；從事go off爆炸；（電、水等）停

25、掉go ahead繼續(xù)進行；去做吧go all out全力以赴go and do sth.= go to do sth.go down on ones knees跪下go in for喜愛；從事go on發(fā)生；持續(xù)go on to do sth.接著做（另一件事情）go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做（同一件事情）go on with sth. .繼續(xù)做（同一件事情，可以有間隔）go out熄滅；過時go over sth.瀏覽；復(fù)習；審閱go through經(jīng)歷；檢查；go shopping/ fishing/ skiing/ skating/ begging/ boating/ swim

26、ming/ fox hunting/ sightseeing/ mountain climbinggo from bad to worse每況愈下go from door to doorbe gone丟了；走了；一去不復(fù)返 Gone are the days when we studied together happily.have a go試一下go out of ones way to do sth. 不辭辛勞去做.go to hell見鬼去吧go to sleep睡著go through with.把.進行到底go well with與相配/協(xié)調(diào)go without不吃/用過日子 Som

27、etimes they went for days without washing their faces.12.have句型1 have sb./ sth. do sth. Lets have them stand facing the wall.句型2 have sb./ sth. doing We had the fire burning all night.I wont have you talking to your dad like that!句型3 have sb./ sth. done I will have my radio fixed. He had his wallet

28、stolen.句型4 have sth. to do I have a letter to write.句型5 have to do sth. I have to get up early every day.習語與動詞同行的名詞連用，表示動作：have a talk withhave a look/ glance/ glimpse at have a meeting/ discussion/ operation/ haircuthave an English lesson have a swim/ wash/ rest/ try/ smoke/ taste/ dream/ walkhave

29、a cold/ cough/ headache/ pain have lunch/ some beerhave a good/pleasant/ tough/ bad/ hard/ difficult terrible time They had a hard time solving the problem.have fun=have a good time/enjoy oneselfhave a word/ a few words with sb.與談話have words with sb.與吵架have something/ nothing/ a lot to do withhave s

30、th. on穿著（狀態(tài)）had better (not) do sth.最好；不得不（迫于客觀原因）have something with sb.隨身攜帶have a baby生小孩have a test/ talk/ speech/ lecture/ chathave had enough of厭倦have sth. back要回have ones own way按照自己的意思辦；我行我素have sth. to oneself完全由自己使用 You can have the house entirely to yourself.13.helpA. vt. 幫助 They did every

31、thing they could to help us with our lessons. This medicine will help you (to) get better. She helped (to) sweep the floor.B. vi. 有幫助；有用；好用 This medicine wont help. Thinking will help.C.習語help sb. with sth. 幫助做help sb. out of trouble幫助某人脫離困境cant help doing sth.禁不住cannot help/ choose but do sth.只好hel

32、p sb. out幫助結(jié)局難題； 幫助擺脫困境；救出turn to sb. for help求助于be of help有幫助；有用14.holdA. vt.拿著；握著 Holding my hand, he tried to calmed me down. Hold the line, please.容納 How much water can the tank hold?擁有；占有 He held the position for years.舉行 Chinese film weeks will be held in other places.B.習語holdback阻礙；忍??；保留holdd

33、own 控制； 鎮(zhèn)壓holdforth提出；holdin memory 記住hold on堅持下去；（電話）別掛hold on to抓住不放hold out堅持到底；維持；伸出 We must hold out, and the enemy will give up. They were ready to hold out a friendly hand.hold to sth.緊緊抓??；堅持（路線、道路、看法等）holdtogether合在（一起）；團結(jié)（在一起）holdup舉起；耽擱；耽誤 The storm held us up, so we were late for the meet

34、ing. Their wages were help up or reduced for no reason.15.keepA. vt. (1)保留 Ill keep a seat for you. (2)養(yǎng)活；飼養(yǎng) He has a large family to keep. He keeps some chicken. (3)使處在狀態(tài) Sorry to have kept you waiting. Lets keep the door open but keep the windows closed. You must keep us well informed. Mr. Xue alw

35、ays keeps us busy. Close the door to keep the cold out. Lets keep the room in order.B. link v. 保持 We must keep fit.=We must keep in good health. Keep calm in time of danger.C.習語keep a record of登記；記錄keep a secret保密keep watch注意；提防keep ones promise/word履行諾言keep the law/rule遵守法律/法規(guī)keepapart使分離keep away不

36、接近；避開keepback扣下；阻止；留下；忍住（眼淚等）keep birthday/ Christmas慶祝生日/圣誕等keep body and soul together維持生活keepdown控制；縮減keep sb. doing sth. 使.堅持做keep silence保持安靜；保持沉默keep sth. to oneself把據(jù)為己有keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止；使免于；抑制keep hold of抓住不放keep in mind記住keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做；不斷地做keep on doing sth. 不停地做;反復(fù)地做keepout不

37、許.入內(nèi)keep out of不參與keep sb. company與某人做伴； 陪伴某人keep to sth.堅持；固守（習慣等）keepunder control使得以控制keep in touch with與保持聯(lián)系keep up堅持；繼續(xù)keep up with跟上keep watch守望；站崗16.knowA. vt.(1)知道 I have known him since childhood.(2)懂得 Do you know Japanese?B.習語be known as通稱為；以著稱；被認為是be known for因而出名be known to sb.為某人所了解beco

38、me well known出名for all/anything/ everything I know 據(jù)我所知It is well known that眾所周知know about/ of了解；知道knowfor certain確實知道know sb. by name僅知道某人的名字（不認識）know sb. by sight與某人面熟（不熟悉）know/learn by heart背誦makeknown/public公告；發(fā)表；表示know/ tell right from wrong辨別是非know no limits是無限的 A mans life is limited, but ser

39、vice to the people knows no limits.17.leaveA. vi.離開；離去When are you leaving? He left in a hurry without telling anyone.B. vt.(1)留下 She asked us to leave our address. (2)使處在某種狀態(tài) Sorry to have left some questions unanswered. He left the window open. She left the baby crying bitterly. The illness left h

40、im rather weak. (3)剩下 We have only three months left.C.習語leaveabout亂放leavealone放任不管leavebehind留下；遺下leave A for B離開A去Bleave hold of放棄；松手leave nothing to be desired盡善盡美leave off停止leave out省去；遺漏leaveover留下；剩下leave room for留下余地18.letA. vt.讓 She doesnt let her child play with fire.B.用于祈使句 Lets go to the

41、Summer Palace, shall we? Let Peter do the job, will you?C.習語letalone不干涉；聽之任之；更不必說 the baby cant even walk, let alone run.letbe不干涉；聽之任之letdown使失望;放下 I wont let myself down!letgo釋放；松手 Let go of me!letin放進來letoff放（炮、煙花、槍等）letout泄漏；放掉（水、氣等）；釋放letpass放過；不追究；寬恕19.lookA. vi. 看 He looked happily at his grea

42、t grandchildren playing about him.B. link v.看起來 He looks cheerful and carefree.C.習語have/take a look a看一看have a look of好像；仿佛look about四下環(huán)顧look about for四下尋找look after照看；目送look ahead考慮未來；預(yù)做準備look as if似乎；好象look at看look away from轉(zhuǎn)移目光look back回頭看look back on/ upon回憶；回顧look down on/ upon俯視；蔑視look for尋找lo

43、ok forward to doing sth. 期待；展望look in（隨便）看望 He looked in on Mr. Smith on his way to work. He went to look in at the fish farm.look into窺視；調(diào)查look like看起來像look on旁觀look on A as B 認為A是Blook out向外看； 注意；警戒look out for提防look over審閱； 翻閱look through透過看去; 徹底調(diào)查；從頭看到底look up to sb. 尊敬/仰望某人look up仰視；胸懷大志look st

44、h. up查閱look sb. in the eye/ face直視某人20.makeA. vt.(1)做；制造 Cell phones are made in this factory.(2)和表示動作的名詞連用，表示動作或活動 make a study of= study make use of= use make an examination of= examine make an explanation of= explain make a fool of=fool make fun ofmake repairsmake a suggestion= suggest make an at

45、tempt= attempt make an answer= answer make a decision=decide make preparations for=prepare for make a guess at=guess make a speech make arrangements(3)使（做）；使（成為） He made us work day and night. We were made to work day and night. Praise make good men better and bad men worse. We made you our monitor.

46、 What made you so frightened? This machine makes it possible for us to finish the work in a short time. He made it a rule to get up at six every morning.(規(guī)定)(4)有條件成為 She will make a good housewife. Cold tea makes an excellent drink in summer.B.習語be made from由原料制成 be made of由材料制成 be made out of由制成 be

47、 made up of由所組成 be made into被制成 be made to do sth. 被迫去做make for=head for =make towards走向；沖向make oneself understood/heard使自己被理解/聽到makeout理解；看清楚；辨認makeup彌補；補償；起草；捏造；化裝；構(gòu)成，占；言歸于好，和解make a living謀生make bed鋪床makeclear表明；說明make ends meet應(yīng)付開支；維持生活；使收支相抵make friends with與交朋友make ones way to sp.向走去make room/

48、 way for為讓路make sure/certain一定要；保證做到；核實 Make sure that you get there in time. We must make certain they will come in time.make the best/most of盡量利用；充分利用make up ones mind決心；決定to make a long story short長話短說make sb.s hair stand on end使毛骨悚然make a fire生火21.preferA. 更喜歡；寧愿 vt. He preferred apples to banan

49、as. I prefer to go by air. Which do you prefer, rice or bread? I would prefer she do it in another way.(虛擬語氣)B.習語 prefer doing A to (doing) B 寧愿做A，不愿做B I prefer watching a football game to playing football. =I would rather watch a football game than play football.prefer to do A rather than (do) B 寧愿

50、做A，不愿做B Liu Hulan preferred to die rather than give in to the enemies.22.putA. vt. 放 He put the book where he found it.B.習語putacross清楚地表達put an end/a stop to sth.結(jié)束；消滅putaside把放在一邊；拋棄；積蓄putaway把收起來；儲存?zhèn)溆?；putback把放回原處；撥回（鐘表的指針等）putdown放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；記下；削減putforth發(fā)表；提出putforward提出；建議；撥快（鐘表的指針等）putin插話；伸進putoff推

51、遲；延期；脫（衣服等）puton穿上；增加（體重等）；上演putout放出；熄滅；出版；生產(chǎn)putright改正（錯誤）；整理；治愈put sb. at ease使某人放心、安心、寬心put through完成；put A through to B把A接通B（電話）puttogether合計；裝配（機器等）；把放在一起putup舉起；掛起；搭起；上演；陳列；張貼put up with忍受putinto practice把應(yīng)用到實踐中去put sb. to bed打發(fā)睡覺put sth. to/into use使得以應(yīng)用putinto English把翻譯成英語put in a word for

52、 sb.為某人進言put sb. in charge使某人負責put sth. in order使井井有條put on airs擺架子put sb. to death/test處死/考驗23.runA. vi. (1)跑 They came running to meet us. (2)行駛 The train was running at 80 miles an hour. (3)流 All the rivers will run into the sea. We mustnt let the water run to waste. His nose is running all day b

53、ecause he has a bad cold.B. vt. 管理；經(jīng)營 They have run six factories. He runs the school well.C. link v. 變得 The river began to run dry. Our food supply is running low.His blood ran cold at the news. Their money is running short.The garden was running wild.D.習語run a fever發(fā)高燒run after sb./ sth.追求run away逃跑run for競選run into邂逅；偶遇run on滔滔不絕往下說run out（某物）用完run out of用完（某物）run short（某物）短缺run short of短缺（某物）run up to合計為；高達run a risk冒險run across邂逅；偶遇run ahead of領(lǐng)先于run away with帶而逃走run against邂逅；偶遇；違反run at襲擊；沖向run over溢出； run over.過目；瀏覽run smooth進展順利run through花光；用盡；略談run up迅速成長；（物價）上漲r