2011年高考英語(yǔ)試題考點(diǎn)分項(xiàng)解析完形填空之記敘文類

1、2011年高考英語(yǔ)試題考點(diǎn)分項(xiàng)解析完形填空之記敘文類【考點(diǎn)題型】高考作為選拔性考試，必須具有較高的信度、效度和必要的區(qū)分度以及一定的難度。完形填空正好滿足了這一要求，它集中了短文的任意設(shè)空和單項(xiàng)填空兩種題型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，綜合考查考生的英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，包括詞匯辨析能力、閱讀理解能力、分析判斷能力、邏輯推理能力和跨文化交際能力，因而是高考試題中要求最高、難度最大的一種題型。高考完形填空試題一般具有以下特點(diǎn)：1文章短小，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，邏輯性強(qiáng)。每篇文章都有一個(gè)主題且首句不設(shè)空。2以考查對(duì)文章的理解和詞匯意義為主，常識(shí)、語(yǔ)法和慣用搭配為輔。3將語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)、語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)放在語(yǔ)篇中進(jìn)行考查。4四個(gè)選項(xiàng)一般都是相同

2、或?qū)Φ鹊脑~類。5所選文章一般都是具有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文，近幾年夾敘夾議的文章逐漸增多。其難度與高中教材大致相同。6文章長(zhǎng)度一般在250350詞左右?！久麕熃忸}指南】分析近幾年全國(guó)及各省市的高考試題，我們不難看出高考完形填空的體裁以記敘文為主且呈以下發(fā)展趨勢(shì)：1、首句完整，線索清晰一般來(lái)說，完形填空首句中會(huì)包含人物身份和事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等重要信息，并且不設(shè)空。2、敘述靈活，側(cè)重語(yǔ)境文章以敘述為主，人物間對(duì)話較少，絕大部分篇章都是作者在描述事件，較少加入自己的觀點(diǎn)或評(píng)論。另外，記敘型完形填空中常會(huì)出現(xiàn)態(tài)度與觀點(diǎn)的跳躍變換或語(yǔ)氣上的差異，這就增加了情景的迷惑性和干擾性，從而突出了對(duì)語(yǔ)境的考查，

3、實(shí)現(xiàn)了在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上，通過語(yǔ)境來(lái)辨析詞語(yǔ)并做出選擇這一考查目的。3、考查以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔記敘型完形填空篇幅不長(zhǎng)，行文始終緊扣中心話題，形成一個(gè)主題連續(xù)體?？疾橹攸c(diǎn)集中在動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞等實(shí)詞上。二、應(yīng)試技巧1、重視首句，開篇明義從歷年高考試題可以看出，完形填空首句一般不設(shè)空，而且它往往是整篇文章的主旨句，這就為考生理解文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了一個(gè)窗口，所以考生應(yīng)充分重視首句的提示作用，利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口，并據(jù)此進(jìn)行拓展思維。2、通讀全文，把握大意在看選項(xiàng)之前要先把文章通讀一遍，遇到不甚明白的地方先跳過去，接著往下讀，全力以赴捕捉重要信息。通讀時(shí)，要重點(diǎn)把握文章中所敘述的人

4、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和事件，同時(shí)對(duì)空格中要填入的詞作試探性的猜測(cè)，為下一步選擇答案做好準(zhǔn)備。3、利用語(yǔ)境，揣摩作者的心態(tài)高考完形填空題逐漸朝著深層化和語(yǔ)境化的方向發(fā)展，因此考生要借助上下文乃至全文語(yǔ)境揣摩作者的心態(tài)。4、理清線索，把握方向記敘文一般按事件發(fā)展的順序敘述（有時(shí)也用倒敘）。答題時(shí)，通過理清人物間的關(guān)系，把握人物各自所做的事情，從而找準(zhǔn)作者的記敘方向，正確理解文章?！?1真題全解全析】 1.（2011遼寧卷）完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各愿所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑 This year I decided to do some

5、thing to regain my good name as a kindly uncle. My 36 Tony,had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year. His 37 had no reason to be thankful to me either,because the year before, I had 38 their dear son with a pot of paste(漿糊) and some funny pictures. Ins

6、tead of 39 them into a book, Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them. This year, 40 , I decided to let him 41 for himself. We went into a big shop,but Tony was very particular about 42 . Although I tried to show him toy after toy,he was not to be 43 . Then I saw he suddenly beca

7、me 44 ; he had discovered something he really liked: a large tin dram. I was quite happy too 45 I thought what Tonys mother would say when she saw it. Nobody would get any 46 for weeks! I led Tony away 47 , saying that the dram was too expensive. Tony asked for permission to go off 48 and I made the

8、 most of my chance to sit down end 49 my aching feet. Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony. I began to get 50 and got up to look for him. I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit. She looked 51 her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many 52 in

9、 grey suits. I was just going to call the police for help,when I saw a strange 53 dressed in strange orange clothes. He was wearing a false beard and had a cavemans axe(斧子)in one hand,and a space gun in the other. It was, of course,Tony, who informed me 54 that he was the first 55 to fly into space.

10、36. A. cousin B. daughter C. grandson D. nephew37. A. friends B. parents C. classmates D. brothers38. A. presented B. annoyed C. confused D. occupied39. A. entering B. dividing C. sticking D. drawing40. A. anyhow B. though C. again D. therefore41. A. guess B. choose C. pay D. see42. A. sweets B. toy

11、s C. clothes D. books43. A. pleased B. disturbed C. accepted D. disappointed44. A. surprised B. hopeful C. patient D. excited45. A. after B. until C. unless D. since46. A. shock B. trouble C. peace D. time47. A. happily B. eagerly C. cautiously D. quickly48. A. on his own B. in his way C. now and th

12、en D. more or less49. A. drag B. rest C. lay D. step50. A. ashamed B. angry C. worried D. doubtful51.A. about B. to C. at D. across52. A. young ladies B. new customers C. loving parents D. small boy53. A. figure B. actor C. man D. doll54.A. on time B. at once C. just now D. once again55.A. policeman

13、 B. spaceman C. caveman D. postman42.B根據(jù)后面的show him toy after toy可知，此處表示Tony對(duì)玩具很挑剔，故選toys。43.A我拿給他一個(gè)又一個(gè)玩具，他都不“滿意”。44D我看到他突然變得很“興奮”；他發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己真正喜歡的：一個(gè)很大的錫鼓。45.B我也很高興”直到“我想到Tony的母親見到鼓時(shí)，會(huì)有怎樣的反應(yīng)。46.C可能數(shù)星期大家都不得“安寧”。47.D我“很快”帶著Tony走開，告訴他鼓太貴了。48.A根據(jù)下文我沒有等到Tony可知，此處表示“Tony請(qǐng)求獨(dú)自一人離開（去到處看看）”，故應(yīng)選on his own。49B趁此機(jī)會(huì)，

14、我坐下來(lái)讓疼痛的腳“休息”一下。50.C 15分鐘過去了，但是仍然沒有Tony的蹤影。我開始“著急”了，站起來(lái)去找他。51.A她無(wú)助地“四處尋找”，然后指出有如此多的身穿灰色套裝的小男孩。look about“四處尋找”，符合語(yǔ)境。 -52.D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示“有如此多的身穿灰色套裝的小男孩”，故用small boys。53A我正準(zhǔn)備離開的時(shí)候，突然見到一個(gè)奇怪的“人物”，身穿奇怪的橘黃色衣服。54.B at once“立即，馬上”符合語(yǔ)境。55.C根據(jù)前文的關(guān)鍵信息“had a cavemans axe(斧子)”可知答案。2.（2011重慶卷）完形填空My father brought

15、home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 36 . As for me, I 37 both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 38 . It was a perfect weekend a

16、fter I graduated from university. I came home and 39 Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the 40 lake. Dad hadnt sailed for years, but everything 41 well with the tiller（舵柄）in his hands.When we were in the middle of the lake, a 42 wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit 43 . Dad was always at h

17、is best in any 44 , but at this moment he 45 .來(lái)“John! 46 !” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.In my memory he could fix any 47 . He was the one I always 48 for strength and security. Before I could respond, a 49 of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller 50

18、it was too late. Anther huge wall of water 51 the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely 52 of him.I swam to Dad 53 and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船殼）of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkwar

19、d about his flash of 54 . “Its all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start 55 for my father.36.A.boating B. running C. swimming D. teaching37.A.enjoyed B. desired C. hated

20、D. learned38.A.unforgivable B. unforgettable C. cheerful D. regretful39.A.sent B. ordered C. invited D. allowed40.A.calm B. icy C. stormy D. thundery41.A.finished B. went C. seemed D. sounded42.A.strong B. gentle C. cold D. hot43.A.respeatedly B. lightly C. hardly D. violently44. A. danger B. place

21、C. sport D. job45. A. suffered B. fell C. froze D. withdrew46. A. look B. Help C. Run D. Jump47. A. problem B. relationship C. machine D. boat48. A. turned to B. lived with C. argued with D. objected to49. A. fountain B. stream C. shower D. wave50. A. if B. for C. after D. but51. A. got through B. p

22、oured into C. turned over D. lifted up52. A. ashamed B. protective C. tired D. afraid53. A. hopelessly B. quickly C. slowly D. helplessly54. A. pain B. anger C. fear D. shame55. A. making up B. getting ready C. paying off D. looking out45.C但是此時(shí)此刻，作者的爸爸“嚇呆”了，不知如何是好。此處freeze表示“驚呆；嚇呆”。46.B根據(jù)本句中的“he sho

23、uted in a trembling voice”可知作者的爸爸很害怕，大喊“救命”。47.A在作者的記憶中，爸爸可以解決任何“問題”。fix表示“解決（問題）”。48.A因?yàn)樽髡呦嘈虐职帜軌蚪鉀Q任何問題，所以總是向他尋求力量和庇護(hù)。 tum to表示“求教于；求助于”。后三項(xiàng)分別表示“與生活在一起；忍受”“與爭(zhēng)論”反對(duì)”，都不符合語(yǔ)境。49.D作者還沒有來(lái)得及回答，一個(gè)水“浪”就打到了小船上。前三項(xiàng)分別表示“噴泉”“溪流”“淋??；陣雨”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。50.D根據(jù)下文中的“We were thrown into the water”可知盡管作者沖向舵柄，”但是“已經(jīng)太遲了。51.C下一句提

24、到作者和爸爸被拋進(jìn)了水中，由此可知巨大的水墻“打翻”了小船。A項(xiàng)“耗盡；順利通過（考試等）”，B項(xiàng)“不斷涌向”，D項(xiàng)“舉起”，均不符合語(yǔ)境。52.B上一句提到作者的爸爸在水中漫無(wú)目的地掙扎，下文講到作者如何幫父親擺脫險(xiǎn)境，由此可知作者在那一刻強(qiáng)烈地感覺到要“保護(hù)”他。53.B作者“快速地”游到爸爸身邊，幫他爬上了船殼。54.C第四段提到作者的爸爸用顫抖的聲音向作者求救，由此可知此時(shí)他為自己當(dāng)時(shí)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的“恐懼”感到尷尬。55.D更重要的是，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)輪到自己去“照看”父親了。look out for sb.表示“關(guān)照”。3.（2011江西卷）完形填空What a busy day! The th

25、ree boys were fed, bathed and changed in to their nightclothes. Mary had _36_ them a story and finally they were asleep. “Babysitting（照看）the three boys aged eight, six and four is extremely _37_,” she thought.“Sleep,” she considered, “if only I could!” But she had difficult homework to complete. Lea

26、ning back, she _38_ her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. Whoever said babysitting was a(an) _39_ way to make money obviously hadnt met the three boys, she thought. The television was on, the room was warm, and the lights were dim. Marys _40_ felt heavier and heavier. I mustnt sleep, she though

27、t which was _41_ what she did, of course.Strangely enough, she soon _42_ that she was a world-famous chef（主廚）. She made a _43_ and wore diamonds and designer clothes. Most days she relaxed by the pool, meeting the rich and famous or _44_ her favorite hobby. She _45_ took the leading role in her own

28、TV show.That is, until she became too _46_. “I am definitely the best in the world,” she thought, as she prepared a tasty chicken dish. But _47_ seemed to go right. She spilt the flour, she dropped an egg and she cut her finger. Despite all the troubles, she _48_ to get the chicken into the dove. So

29、on, smoke blanketed the room. The chicken was on fire. _49_ set in, but Mary could not run she was _50_ to the spot. She tried hard to move, but could not, _51_ a sharp sound awoke her.She got shocked and confused _52_ was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate, she was met by three _53_ l

30、ittle faces and some very burnt bread. “Sorry, we were hungry and you were _54_, so we tried to make some bread,” explained a boy. Relieved, Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She_37_ them never to fall asleep on the job again!36.A.givenB.writtenC.toldD.taught37.A.successfulB.helpfulC

31、.tiringD.surprising38.A.shookB.putC.bentD.kept39.A.difficultB.boringC.importantD.easy40.A.eyesB.mindC.heartD.legs41.A.nicelyB.exactlyC.curiouslyD.carelessly42.A.realizedB.remindedC.learntD.dreamt43.A.decisionB.fortuneC.businessD.plan44.A.cookingB.readingC.runningD.babysitting45.A.justB.everC.evenD.o

32、nly46.A.selfishB.proudC.stubbornD.sensitive47.AeverythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing48.A.triedB.arrangedC.managedD.prepared49.A.PanicB.PainC.NoiseD.Stress50.A.frozenB.draggedC.pushedD.brought51.A.becauseB.untilC.asD.unless52.A.smokeB.lightC.waterD.fire53.A.cheerfulB.strangeC.guiltyD.confident54.A

33、.busyB.hungryC.worriedD.asleep55.A.promisedB.allowedC.expectedD.persuaded41. 【答案】B?！窘馕觥緼很好地，B正是，就是，C好奇地D大意地?！拔也荒芩?，她想。-她當(dāng)然也的確是這樣做的?！?2. 【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)下一段得知Mary做了一個(gè)夢(mèng)。下文正是對(duì)這個(gè)夢(mèng)的內(nèi)容展開敘述。43. 【答案】B?！窘馕觥縨ake a fortune = make much money.賺了大錢，很富。44. 【答案】B?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)本句句意，“大多數(shù)的日子里她都在游泳池邊休閑，和有錢人聚會(huì)或者是做著她最喜愛的事-讀書。這些都是比較悠

34、閑的活動(dòng)。很多同學(xué)誤選A cooking,但文章中并沒有體現(xiàn)主人公很喜愛做飯，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)她變有錢人后所過的生活多么豐富多彩。45. 【答案】C.【解析】對(duì)前文的遞進(jìn)增補(bǔ)，“甚至還做了自己電視節(jié)目的主演?！?6. 【答案】B?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)下一句。Im definitely the best in the world.我一定是世界上最棒的，體現(xiàn)Mary驕傲的心情。47. 【答案】D【解析】“Nothing seemed to go right. 什么都不對(duì)勁?！?8. 【答案】C【解析】A努力去做，盡力去做，B計(jì)劃去做， C設(shè)法做成某事，D準(zhǔn)備去做。49. 【答案】A?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)文意Mary 此時(shí)

35、非常焦急，焦慮。50. 【答案】A【解析】A凍住， B拖，拉，拽，C推，D帶來(lái)。Be frozen to the spot.站在一個(gè)地方動(dòng)不了。51. 【答案】B?！窘馕觥緼因?yàn)?，B直到，C因?yàn)?，正如，D除非。根據(jù)句意，她努力想移動(dòng)但是沒有做到，直到一道尖銳的聲音驚醒了她。52. 【答案】A?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)后文very burnt bread.可知廚房因?yàn)榭窘姑姘诿盁煛?3. 【答案】C?！窘馕觥緼振奮，B奇怪， C內(nèi)疚，D自信。根據(jù)后文，孩子說抱歉，說明他們?cè)趶N房烤焦面包感到內(nèi)疚，不好意思。54. 【答案】D?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)前文，得知Mary當(dāng)時(shí)正在熟睡。55. 【答案】A?！窘馕觥緼承諾，

36、B允許， C期待，D 勸說。Promised sb. never to do sth. 向某人承諾不在做某事了。4.（2011陜西卷）In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty （貧困）,and only the rich could manage without great _26_. Three of those rich men and their servants were_27_together on a road when they came to a very_28_village.The first

37、could not stand seeing the poverty, _29 he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons (四輪載重馬車) and shared _30 out among the villagers. He wished them all the best of luck, and he left. The second rich man ,seeing the _31 situation, stopped for a short time and gave _32 all his food and drink, sinc

38、e he _33 see that money would be of little _34 to them. He made sure that they each _35 their fair share and would have enough food to _36 for some time . Then, he left.The third rich man, on seeing such poverty, _37 and went straight through the _38 without stopping. The two other rich men saw this

39、 from a distance and commented with each other_39 the third rich man lacked sympathy. It was _40 that they themselves had been there to offer help.However, three days later, they 41 the third rich man ,who was coming in the opposite direction . He was 42 travelling quickly, but his wagons, 43 the go

40、ld and valuables they had been 44 ,were now full of farming tools and bags of 45 .He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.26. A. loss B. expectations C. success D. problems 27. A. standing B. travelling C. gathering D. running 28. A. faraway B. poor C. different D. ancient 29. A. unless B. b

41、ecause C. so D. if 30. A. them B. anything C. nothing D. those 31. A. curious B. worrying C. dangerous D. puzzling 32. A. the villagers B. his servants C. the others D. the rest 33. A. could B. might C. should D. must 34. A. interest B.concern C. use D. attraction 35. A. returned B. gained C. offere

42、d D. received 36.A.remain B.last C.supply D.share 37.A.turned back B.set out C. showed off D. speeded up38.A.village B.land C.field D.road 39.A.whether B.how C.where D.when 40.A.good B.certain C.true D.strange41.A.welcomed B.met C.accepted D.persuaded 42.A.still B.already C.always D.indeed 43. A. ex

43、cept B. instead of C. apart from D. along with 44.A. loading B. treasuring C. carrying D. earning 45.A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds 29.C前面說第一位富人不能忍受看到這種貧困，該空后面說他取出所有的金銀財(cái)寶分給村民。由此不難看出前后是因果關(guān)系，故用so。30.A此處用them代替前文的all the gold and jewels。31.B該空后面的situation指的是29空前的the poverty，貧困應(yīng)該是“令人憂慮的”“而不是”“好奇的”“

44、危險(xiǎn)的”或“令人迷惑不解的”。32.A第二位富人不忍心看到這種情形，停了一會(huì)兒之后他把所有食物和飲料都給了村民( the villagers)。33.A could表示能力，意為“能夠”，符合語(yǔ)境。might表可能性，意為“或許，可能”，用于表示把握性不大的推測(cè)；should“應(yīng)該”；must“必須”，均不合邏輯。34.C他知道錢對(duì)于他們來(lái)說幾乎沒有用。be of little use to“對(duì)于幾乎沒有用”。35D receive與前文的give相對(duì)應(yīng)，即他確保他們每個(gè)人都公平地“收到”他們應(yīng)得的那份。36.B會(huì)有足夠的食物維持一段時(shí)間。37.D第三位富人一看到這種貧困的情形，加快了步伐徑直

45、穿過而沒有停下來(lái)。該空后面的went through和without stopping是提示。38.A第三位富人徑直穿過村莊沒有停下來(lái)。39.B前兩位富人評(píng)論第三位富人缺乏同情心。how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，意為“如何，多么”。40.A該空后面的they themselves指的是前文的the two other rich men，根據(jù)前文可知，另外兩位富人認(rèn)為第三位富人缺乏同情心，而他們提供幫助當(dāng)然是“好的”。41.B根據(jù)該空后面的賓語(yǔ)the third rich man和上下文可知，此處應(yīng)該填met，即三天之后他們遇到了第三位富人，42.A 37空有提示。再次見到第三位富人時(shí)，他“仍然”走得很快。

46、quickly與speed up是相對(duì)應(yīng)的。43.B根據(jù)后文的now full of farming tools and可知，原來(lái)裝的the gold andvaluables“金子和有價(jià)值的東西”沒有了，取而代之的是農(nóng)具和種子，所以應(yīng)選instead of“代替，取代”。44.C金子和有價(jià)值的東西是他原來(lái)一直攜帶“carry”著的。其他選項(xiàng)很顯然不合題意。45.Dand這個(gè)并列連詞前面是farming tools，所以此空應(yīng)該是與農(nóng)耕有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，據(jù)此可知，答案應(yīng)選D，seeds“種子”。5.（2011安徽卷）When I began planning to move to Auckland

47、to study .my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences, Ignoring these 36 ,I got there in July 2010,37 I arrived ,I realized the importance of getting a job 38 my living experience, Determined to do this 39 , I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a job, but found 40 res

48、ponse(回應(yīng)) One afternoon, I walked into a building to ask 41 there were any job opportunities(機(jī)會(huì))，The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that 42 .As I was about to 43. a man who had been listening approached me and asked me to wait outside 44 .Nearly ten minutes later, he 45 ,He

49、 asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay 46 . Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to 47 a job. I was a little surprised. but had a 48 feeling about him. Along the way ,I realized that I had 49 resumes(簡(jiǎn)歷).Seeing this, the man 50 at his business partners office to make me fifteen 51 cop

50、ies. He also gave me some 52 on dressing and speaking. I handed out my resume and went home feeling very 53 . The following day, I received a 54 from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job. It seems that the world always 55 to you when you need it .And this time, it was a complete stranger who turne

51、d out to be a real blessing.36. A. doubts B. concerns C. instructions D. reasons37. A. Even if B. Every time C. Now that D. Soon after38. A. of B. at C. for D. with39. A. on my own B. on my way C. by any chance D. by the day40. A. any B. much C. some D. little41. A. why B. wherever C. whether D. whenever42. A. direction B. attitu