湖南省長沙市2020年中考英語真題試題含解析

1、2020年長沙市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試試卷英語注意事項：1. 答題前,請考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫清楚,并認(rèn)真核對條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考室和座位號；2. 必須在答題卡上答題,在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效；3. 答題時,請考生注意各大題題號后面的答題提示；4. 請勿折疊答題卡,保持字體工整、筆跡清晰、卡面清潔；5. 答題卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改膠和貼紙；6. 本學(xué)科試卷中聽力材料以中速朗讀兩遍。試卷分為四個部分,共8頁,75小題,時量120分鐘,滿分120分。i. 聽力技能第一節(jié) 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的a、b、c三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話前,你將有

2、時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。1. how was the weather yesterday?a. cloudy b. rainy c. sunny2 what is peter doing now?a. watching tv b. playing with his sister. c. walking his dog3. which subject does cathy like best?a. english b. chinese c. math4. where is jacks dictionary?a. in the study b. in

3、the living room c. in the bedroom5. how often does lisa play volleyball?a. once a week b. twice a month c. every day第二節(jié) 聽下面6段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有2-3個小題,從題中所給的a、b、c三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。聽第六段材料,回答第6、7題。6. how many pages of robinson crusoe has sam read?a. 62 b. 82 c

4、. 1327. what does anna think of little women?a interesting b. exciting c. boring聽第七段材料,回答第8、9題。8. what are the speakers talking about?a. a weekend plan. b. a business plan c. a study plan9. when will they climb the mountain?a. on friday b. on saturday c. on sunday聽第八段材料,回答第10、11題。10. how did the man

5、 feel about the visit to his home city?a. sad b. tired c. excited11. how long did it take to build the road bridge?a. three years. b. five years c. seven years.聽第九段材料,回答第12至14題。12. where did paul get the science magazine from?a. the city library b. the post office c. the school library. 13. what doe

6、s the girl think of self-driving cars?a. faster b. safer c. smaller14. what does the girl plan to do?a. give a speech b. reuse some rubbish c. plant more trees聽第十段材料,回答第15至17題。15. whats wrong with john?a. he failed his test b. he is ill in hospital c. his legs hurt16. how will they go to the hospita

7、l?a. by bus b. by taxi c. by subway17. when will they meet this afternoon?a. at 4:20 b. at 4:30 c. at 4:50聽第十一段材料,回答第18至20題。18. when was the golden gate bridge finished?a. in 1837 b. in 1937 c. in 197319. where can the visitors taste the best italian food?a. at chinatown b. at north beach c. at gold

8、en gate park20. whats the best way to learn about the city and its history?a. a tour on foot b. a tour by bike c. a tour by bus. 知識運用第一節(jié) 語法填空 從題中所給的a、b、c三個選項中選擇最佳答案填空。1.the twins are so alike that even their father finds_ hard to tell them from each other.a. itb. himc. them【參考答案】a【詳解】句意：這對雙胞胎如此相像以至于

9、甚至他們的父親都發(fā)現(xiàn)很難區(qū)分他們?？疾榇~辨析。it它；him他，人稱代詞賓格形式；them他們，人稱代詞賓格形式。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里使用了句型find it+形容詞+to do sth.“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是的”，it是形式賓語，動詞不定式是真正的賓語。故選a。2. what happened to mrs smart? she cut herself while she _ lunch.a. preparesb. is preparingc. was preparing【參考答案】c【詳解】句意：smart夫人發(fā)生什么事了？她在準(zhǔn)備午飯的時候割傷了自己?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。prepares準(zhǔn)備

10、，是動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式；is preparing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；was preparing過去進(jìn)行時。根據(jù)句中“what happened to mrs. smart”可知，這件事情是過去的，且這里表示“當(dāng)她正在的時候”，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時。故選c。3._ your smartphones, and read for at least 30 minutes, every day! you know, reading helps us to deepen our spiritual world.a. put awayb. to put awayc. putting away【參考答案】a【詳解】句意

11、：收起你的智能手機，每天至少閱讀30分鐘！你知道，閱讀幫助我們深化 我們的精神世界?？疾槠硎咕洹ut away收起來放好。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知句中缺少主語，結(jié)合題干中“and read for at least 30 minutes”可知此處用祈使句，以動詞原形開頭。故選a。4.a chinese survey team reached the top of mount qomolangma _ may 27th, 2020, which will improve human knowledge of nature and scientific development.a. atb. onc.

12、in【參考答案】b【詳解】句意：2020年5月27日，一支中國考察隊成功登頂珠穆朗瑪峰，這將提高人類對自然和科學(xué)發(fā)展的認(rèn)識?？疾榻樵~辨析。at后面跟具體的時間點；on表示在具體的某一天；in泛指在上午、下午或晚上；在年代、月份、季節(jié)前?？蘸髆ay 27th, 2020是具體的一天，應(yīng)用介詞on。故選b。5.we are glad _ that traditional chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.a. knowb. to knowc. knowing【參考答案】b【詳解】句意：我們很高興地知道，中醫(yī)在

13、預(yù)防某些疾病方面可以發(fā)揮奇效?？疾榉侵^語動詞。know知道。know動詞原形；to know動詞不定式；knowing動名詞或動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。結(jié)合選項可知句子是說“很高興知道”，作表語的形容詞glad后接動詞不定式作原因狀語。故選b。6._ you have problems, just let me know. ill always be there for you.a. howeverb. whateverc. whenever【參考答案】c【詳解】句意：無論你什么時候有問題盡管來找我。我會永遠(yuǎn)在你身邊?？疾檫B詞辨析。however然而；無論怎樣，無論多么；whatever無論什么；whe

14、never無論何時。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“無論什么時候有困難”，c選項符合語境，故選c。7.the film my people, my country, which amazed lots of movie-goers, _ to the top of the chinese box office last monday.a. jumpb. jumpedc. jumps【參考答案】b【詳解】句意：電影我和我的祖國上周一躍居中國票房榜首，這部電影讓很多影迷大吃一驚?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。jump動詞原形，一般現(xiàn)在時；jumped動詞過去式，一般過去時；jumps動詞單三形式，一般現(xiàn)在時。根據(jù)句中時間

15、狀語last monday，可知該句應(yīng)用一般過去時，故選b。8._ the outbreak of covid-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.a. althoughb. ifc. unless【參考答案】a【詳解】句意：雖然新冠肺炎疫情的爆發(fā)對國家來說是一個沉重的打擊，但是政府正在努力控制疫情。考查從屬連詞辨析。although雖然，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；if如果，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；unless除非，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。根

16、據(jù)句意可知，“新冠肺炎疫情的爆發(fā)是對國家的沉重打擊”和“政府正在努力控制疫情”之間是讓步關(guān)系，故選a。9.the school offers two courses on computer technology. one is for beginners and _ is for those who already have some basic knowledge.a. otherb. anotherc. the other【參考答案】c【詳解】句意：這所學(xué)校提供兩門計算機技術(shù)課程。一個是給初學(xué)者的，另一個是給那些已經(jīng)有一些基本知識的人?？疾椴欢ù~辨析。other其他的，形容詞，修飾名詞；

17、another表示不定數(shù)目中的另一個；the other表示兩者中的另一個。根據(jù)句意“the school offers two courses on computer technology.”可知，這所學(xué)校提供兩門計算機技術(shù)課程，因此這里說的是“兩個課程中的另一個”，應(yīng)用the other。故選c。10.laura, someone is ringing the doorbell. go and see _, please.a. who is heb. who it isc. who is it【參考答案】b【詳解】句意：勞拉，有人正在按門鈴。請去看看那是誰?？疾橘e語從句辨析。who is

18、he他是誰，疑問語序；who it is它是誰，陳述語序；who is it它是誰，疑問語序。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此空處是一個賓語從句，從句用陳述語序。根據(jù)someone is ringing the doorbell“有人正在按門鈴”，可知，并不確定是誰在按門鈴，所以此處要用代詞it指代不知性別的人，故空格處填who it is。故選b。第二節(jié) 詞語填空 通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后從題中所給的a、b、c三個選項中選出最佳答案填空。as a university student, i decided to learn german. for some reason i really liked

19、 the language, but i was not very good at learning it. the grammar _11_ me a lot and even drove me crazy. my only advantage was _12_ i got an a on every word test i took. after two years of studies, i struggled （掙扎） to communicate in _13_ german and signed up to study in germany to complete my degre

20、e. it was the _14_ term i would ever have. the moment i arrived in germany, i felt like i was starting from scratch（從頭開始）. the german id learned in university wasnt _15_ for everyday conversation. my book knowledge fell by the wayside as i thought about the basics of getting around, reading emails a

21、nd talking with my classmates, i was often nervous at school, worried about whether the teachers would call on me in class and whether id understand their questions. i only _16_ a little around my eight roommates, who were willing to speak german slowly to me and didnt seem to mind my _17_. i chose

22、to study three coursesreading & writing, grammar and history. all were in german and difficult, but the history class was the worst. the teacher spoke so _18_ that almost everything he said flew right over my head. i sat in the front, took notes and even recorded every single word he said in class,

23、but _19_ helped. i had no idea what the class was really about years have passed, but i still remember how it felt to struggle so hard at _20_ another language. that trip was a difficult but valuable lesson. i think my failure that term taught me just as much as my success.11. a. gaveb. helpedc. tro

24、ubled12. a. listeningb. spellingc. speaking13. a. perfectb. brokenc. beautiful14 a. hardestb. easiestc. happiest15. a. uselessb. meaninglessc. practical16. a. relaxedb. fearedc. wondered17. a. purposesb. progressc. mistakes18. a. slowlyb. quicklyc. clearly19. a. nothingb. anythingc. everything20. a.

25、 creatingb. teachingc. learning【參考答案】11. c 12. b 13. b 14. a 15. c 16. a 17. c 18. b 19. a 20. c本文講述了作者在德國學(xué)習(xí)德語的經(jīng)歷。【11題詳解】句意：語法讓我很苦惱，甚至快把我逼瘋了。gave給；helped幫助；troubled折磨。根據(jù)even drove me crazy，可知，語法讓作者很苦惱，都快把他逼瘋了，表述過去發(fā)生的事情，句子用一般過去時，所以空格處填troubled。故選c?！?2題詳解】句意：我唯一的優(yōu)勢是拼寫我在每次單詞測試中都得了a。listening聽力；spelling

26、拼寫；speaking說。根據(jù)i got an a on every word test i took，可知，作者在每次單詞測試中都能得到a，可見單詞拼寫是他的優(yōu)勢，所以空格處填spelling。故選b?！?3題詳解】句意：經(jīng)過兩年的學(xué)習(xí)，我努力用蹩腳的德語交流，并報名去德國完成我的學(xué)位。perfect完美的；broken殘缺的；beautiful漂亮的。根據(jù)struggle to communicate“掙扎著去溝通”，可見作者的德語并不流利，所以空格處填broken。故選b?！?4題詳解】句意：這是我經(jīng)歷過的最艱難的一個學(xué)期。hardest最艱難的；easiest最簡單的；happiest

27、最高興的。根據(jù)i was often nervous at school, worried about whether the teachers would call on me in class and whether id understand their questions，可知，作者在學(xué)校經(jīng)常緊張，擔(dān)心老師是否在課堂上提問他，他是否明白他們的問題，由此可見，作者在德國學(xué)習(xí)的那段時期過的很艱難，所以空格處填hardest。故選a?！?5題詳解】句意：我在大學(xué)學(xué)的德語在日常會話中并不實用。useless無用的；meaningless無意義的；practical實用性的。根據(jù)my book

28、knowledge fell by the wayside，可知，書本上的知識半途而廢了，之前所學(xué)的德語并不實用，所以空格處填practical。故選c。【16題詳解】句意：我只有在八個室友面前會放松一點，他們愿意和我慢慢說德語，似乎不介意我的錯誤。relaxed放松；feared害怕；wondered想知道。根據(jù)who were willing to speak german slowly to me，可知，室友愿意慢慢地跟作者說德語，這讓作者感到放松一些，沒有在課堂上那么緊張，所以空格處填relaxed。故選a?！?7題詳解】句意：我只有在八個室友面前會放松一點，他們愿意和我慢慢說德語，似

29、乎不介意我的錯誤。purposes目的；progress過程；mistakes錯誤。根據(jù)i only relaxed a little around my eight roommates, who were willing to speak german slowly to me，可知，作者在室友面前感到輕松，是因為他們愿意慢慢地跟作者說德語，并且不介意作者的錯誤，所以空格處填mistakes。故選c?！?8題詳解】句意：老師講得那么快，幾乎他說的每一句話我都聽不懂。slowly緩慢地；quickly快速地；clearly清楚地。sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，根據(jù)almost everythi

30、ng he said flew right over my head，可知，老師上課說得太快了，以至于作者一句也聽不懂，所以空格處填quickly。故選b?！?9題詳解】句意：我坐在前面記筆記，甚至記錄他在課堂上說的每個字，但是沒有任何幫助。nothing沒什么事；anything任何事；everything每件事。根據(jù)i had no idea what the class was really about，可知，盡管作者在課堂上努力地記下老師說的每個字，但這對他來說沒有任何幫助，他還是聽不懂課堂是講什么內(nèi)容，所以空格處填nothing。故選a?！?0題詳解】句意：許多年過去了，但我仍然記得

31、努力學(xué)習(xí)另一種語言的感覺。creating創(chuàng)作；teaching教；learning學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)第一段as a university student, i decided to learn german，可知，整篇文章都講的是作者學(xué)習(xí)語言的經(jīng)歷，所以空格處填learn。故選c。. 閱讀技能第一節(jié) 圖表理解 閱讀下列圖表,從每題所給的a、b、c三個選項中,選出最佳選項回答問題或完成句子。aclub name: short story writing club club leader: claire smithmeeting time: friday 4:00 p. m. -5:00 p. m. c

32、lub aim: to improve short story writing skillsclub activities：read short stories in different styles（風(fēng)格）write short stories using different skills；hold workshops to discuss the short stories that members read and write;invite famous writers to give talks on short story writing. materials needed: pap

33、er and pen for each studentplan for finding new members:make posters（海報）and put them up around the school;put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website;put a video on the school websitesigned: claire smith21. the chart（圖表） above is most probably _ for a new club.a. a planb. a letter

34、c. an invitation22. the club activities include the following except _.a. holding workshopsb. inviting famous writersc. putting stories on the school website【參考答案】21. c 22. c本文是宣傳短篇小說寫作俱樂部的一些情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中介紹的“meeting time；club aim；club activities；materials needed”，可知上面的圖表很可能是一個新俱樂部的邀請，故選c。【22

35、題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)club activities中介紹的活動，可知選項a和b是俱樂部的活動，而選項c是屬于plan for finding new members中的內(nèi)容，故選c。bthe name of this book is secretreaders will love following max-emest and cass as they solve the mystery（謎）of a missing magician! filled with word games, this is a book that wont stay secret for long. “ an a

36、mazing story full of puzzles（不解之謎）! it will certainly win your heart and will make you never want to stop turning the pages. ”alex smith, 13buy now! $13. 90 (hardcover), $8. 20 (e-book) the london eye mysterysalim suddenly disappears. no one knows where he has gone. how on earth could he have disapp

37、eared? his cousins, ted and kate, have to follow clues（線索）around london and find him before it is too late. can they make it?its a great book! i had my nose in it all the time! this must be the coolest book in the world! ”sarah andrew, 12 buy now! $12. 60 (hardcover), $7.10 (e-book)23. who is missin

38、g in the name of this book is secret?a. salimb. a magicianc. max-ernest24. what does sarah mean by saying i had my nose in it”?a. she liked the smell of the bookb. the book was very hard to understandc. the book was so interesting that she read it carefully.25. how much money can you save if you buy

39、 an e-book of the london eye mystery instead of a hardcover of it?a. $5. 50b. $5. 70c. $7. 10【參考答案】23. b 24. c 25. a本文是兩則關(guān)于書的廣告，分別簡單介紹了兩本書的內(nèi)容、讀后感和價格?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第一行第二列中“readers will love following max-emest and cass as they solve the mystery（謎）of a missing magician!”可知失蹤的是一位魔術(shù)師，故選b?！?4題詳解】詞句理解題

40、。根據(jù)表格第二行第二列中“its a great book!”和“this must be the coolest book in the world!”可知sarah在看過這本書后，覺得這本書既好也有趣，故選c?！?5題詳解】計算題。根據(jù)表格第二行第二列中“buy now! $12. 60 (hardcover), $7.10 (e-book)”可知精裝書與電子書之間的差價是5.5美元，故選a。第二節(jié) 短文理解 閱讀下面的短文,從題中所給的a、b、c三個選項中,選出最佳選項回答問題或完成句子。aon june 9th, 1870, charles dickens died at the ag

41、e of 58. the next day, a headline in the new york times read: “death of the great novelistwill be remembered by the people”the headline was not overstating （夸大） the popularity of dickens. even today, the british novelist is loved by readers all over the world. dickens created some unforgettable char

42、acters. you must have heard of or even read some of his novels: oliver twist, a christmas carol and a tale of two cities. a tale of two cities has sold more than 200 million copies. since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and tv adaptations（改編版本） of dickens works. a christmas carol alone has

43、had nearly 50. natalie mcknight is a literature professor（文學(xué)教投） who studies dickens and his works. she explains why the novelist has remained so popular. one important reason, she says, is that dickens wrote from his heart. he tried hard to produce emotional effects（情感效果） among his readers. in his w

44、orks, he paid special attention to the little man at the bottom of society in the uk, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. a christmas carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. people always enjoy works that

45、make them laugh, cry and think. many other 19th-century novelists wrote entertaining（娛樂的） works. however, few of them worked as hard as dickens to touch the readers deeply. dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. he used his pen to fight social inequality and ga

46、ve voice to the poor. his works led to many important social changes. readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed. this year marks the 150thyear of dickens death. its another chance to remember this great writer. will you read or re-read some of his famous works?26. what is paragraph（段落

47、）2 mainly about?a. personality of dickens.b. appearance of dickens.c. popularity of dickens.27. as a novelist, why has dickens remained so popular?a. he wrote for fun.b. he wrote from his heart.c. he mainly wrote for the upper class.28. when people read dickens novels, they could _. meet the “l(fā)ittle

48、 man” at the bottom of society in the uk know about the social reality at that time not be influenced by the works at all think about how to make a difference to their societya. b. c. 29. what does the underlined word inequality mean in paragraph 4?a. 不平等b. 不現(xiàn)實c. 不穩(wěn)定30. the purpose of writing this t

49、ext is probably to _.a. introduce charles dickens life and deathb. encourage readers to read or re-read charles dickens worksc. present the similarities between charles dickens and other writers【參考答案】26. c 27. b 28. c 29. a 30. b文章大意：本文主要講了小說家查爾斯狄更斯的受歡迎程度及其作品的影響力，恰逢狄更斯逝世150周年，鼓勵人們閱讀或重讀狄更斯的著名作品?！?6題詳

50、解】段落大意題。第2段講現(xiàn)今狄更斯也被世界各地的讀者所喜愛，他創(chuàng)作了一些難忘的角色，段中列舉了一些狄更斯的代表作并指出雙城記銷量驚人，他的作品被改編成電影和電視多于三百個版本。由此可知主要講的是狄更斯的受歡迎程度。故選c。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第3段中“she explains why the novelist has remained so popular. one important reason, she says, is that dickens wrote from his heart. ”可知狄更斯如此受歡迎的一個重要原因是他發(fā)自內(nèi)心地寫作。故選b?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題

51、。根據(jù)第3段中“in his works, he paid special attention to the little man at the bottom of society in the uk, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time.”可知讀狄更斯的小說能夠見到英國社會底層的小人物，知道當(dāng)時的社會現(xiàn)實，正確，再由第3段中“a christmas carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a

52、difference to their society.”可知讀狄更斯的小說能使讀者思考如何改變他們的社會，正確。故選c?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在語境“he used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. ”講到狄更斯為窮人發(fā)聲，結(jié)合選項可知他是用筆和社會不平等戰(zhàn)斗，inequality意為“不平等的”。故選a?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“will you read or re-read some of his famous works?”可推出作者寫這篇文章是為了鼓勵讀者去閱

53、讀或重讀狄更斯的作品。故選b。bhave you ever seen a solar panel（太陽能電池板）in your neighborhood? solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity. over the past ten years, the price of solar panels has gone down greatly. in many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity

54、. more and more people have started using solar energy to power（給供電）their homes. however, solar panels also have their problems. they stop working at night and on rainy days. is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time? scientists at suzhou university, china, have invented a new

55、solar panel now. it can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain. when a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls（滾動）down, it creates friction（摩擦力）on the surface of the panel, which can then be turned into electricity. sun baoquan is one of the inventors. “ou

56、r new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day,” he says. “it can even provide electricity at night if there is rain.”the solar panel, however, does not make much electricity from falling rain. so sun baoquan is still working hard to improve it. the scientist also wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as soft as clothing. the field of solar energy is developing fast. scientists around the world have been improvi