山東專用2021新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)示范卷6含解析

1、英語示范卷(六)(時間：100分鐘，滿分：120分)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c、d四個選項中選出最佳選項。a (2020山東新高考命題研究專家原創(chuàng)卷)instant expert：artificial intelligence8th february，british library，londonartificial intelligence is starting to impact your life.machines that have learned how to perform a task

2、or a huge range of tasks better than humans are proving to be an invaluable resource.ai now assists with your online shopping，routing your deliveries，and much more.soon it may be driving your car and helping out around your home.some see this as a coming ideal world；others as a forthcoming disaster.

3、whatever the truth，the majority of people are in a dilemma.do we let ai make decisions about firing weapons？is it ok to let ai put people out of work？how far should we go in developing intelligent machines?join our speakers on a journey through the fascinating world of ai and give your own intellige

4、nce an instant upgrade.speakers：michael veale，lecturer in digital rights and regulation at university college londonnello cristianini，professor of artificial intelligence at the university of bristollydia nicholls，researcher and writerhosted by valerie jamiesonnew scientist live creative directortop

5、ics covered will include：how does artificial intelligence work?what can ai do for us today and how will we use it tomorrow?will machines outsmart us?should we equip intelligent machines with feelings and a sense of self?how is humanrobot interaction like in the future?will we ever build conscious ma

6、chines?booking information：we require the name of each person attendingplease ensure this is provided at the time of booking.we will email you your ticket(s) immediately after purchaseplease remember to bring this on the day as you will need to show your ticket to gain entry.all tickets are nonrefun

7、dable and nontransferable to any other new scientist event.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主題語境是“人與社會”。人工智能會議即將在倫敦的大英圖書館舉行，文章介紹了會議的相關(guān)情況和購票的注意事項。1what do most people think of ais being used more widely?aits confusing.bits glad news to share.cits worrying.dits a difficult choice to make.d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的“some see this as

8、 a coming ideal world；others as a forthcoming disaster. whatever the truth，the majority of people are in a dilemma”可知，大多數(shù)人對人工智能更廣泛的應(yīng)用感到左右為難，很難做出抉擇。2what can attendees learn from the speakers?aworking principles of humanrobot interaction.bways to develop more intelligent robots.creasons why machines

9、outsmart humans.dmoral problems of artificial intelligence.d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)topics covered will include部分中的“should we equip intelligent machines with feelings and a sense of self”可知，會議發(fā)言者會講到有關(guān)人工智能的道德問題。3what type of writing is this text?aa notice.ban exhibition guide.can ad.da science report.c考查文體特征。根據(jù)第三段“

10、join our speakers on a journey through the fascinating world of ai and give your own intelligence an instant upgrade”以及booking information中的“we will email you your ticket(s) immediately after purchase”可知，本語篇是一則關(guān)于人工智能會議的廣告。b (廣東珠海2020期末)french children are saying“hello”to the new academic year and“by

11、e”to their cellphones during school hours.thats because a new law has come into effect which bans students up to the age of 15 from using their phones.the legislation，which follows a campaign promise by french president emmanuel macron，also bans tablets and smart watches.the ban is also in place at

12、break times，with the exception of emergency，and disabled children are allowed to use phones，the french education ministry said in a statement.in emergencies，students can ask their teachers for permission to use their phones.meanwhile，high schools can voluntarily carry out the measure.education minis

13、ter jeanmichel blanquer said the new rules aim to help children focus on lessons，better socialize and reduce social media use.the ban is also designed to fight online bullying and prevent thefts and violence in school.blanquer has claimed the legislation would improve discipline among frances 12 mil

14、lion school students，nearly 90% of whom have mobile phones.“being open to technologies of the future doesnt mean we have to accept all their uses，”blanquer said in june as the bill was going through in parliament.as for law enforcement，its up to individual school administrations to decide how to put

15、 through the ban.school principals can decide to store students phones in lockers or allow students to keep them switched off in their backpacks. the law allows teachers to take away the phones until the end of the day in case of someone disobeying the bans.jacqueline kaycessou，whose 14yearold son，d

16、avid，is entering eighth grade at the camille se international section，told the reporter she was happy to hear of the ban.“its fantastic news.its something ive wanted for years，”kaycessou said.“i think phones are socially harmful.kids cant think anymore and they sit still，and its highly addictive.”【語

17、篇解讀】本文介紹了法國發(fā)布的一項新政策，內(nèi)容為禁止十五及十五周歲以下的學(xué)生在校期間使用手機(jī)、平板等電子產(chǎn)品，同時學(xué)校管理部門可以自行決定如何施行此項政策。4what is the new rule for ordinary french students in the new term?athey are not allowed to use their watches.bthey should follow president macron.cthey should say “hello” to school teachers.dthey cant use their cellphones

18、at school.d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“french children are saying hello to the new academic year and bye to their cellphones during school hours.thats because a new law has come into effect which bans students up to the age of 15 from using their phones.”可知，在迎來新學(xué)年的同時，一項新的法令發(fā)布了，法國十五及十五周歲以下的學(xué)生不能在校使用手機(jī)。故選d項。5what i

19、s the opinion of jeanmichel blanquer?acellphones are the main reason for school violence.bthe society should be strict with the school students.cnew technology should be properly applied at school.dnone of the young students should have mobile phones.c考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“being open to technologies of the

20、 future doesnt mean we have to accept all their uses”可知，樂于接受未來科技并不意味著要接受它們所有的用途，由此可推知，布朗凱認(rèn)為新科技在學(xué)校應(yīng)該被恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂?。故選c項。6who should be responsible for carrying out the ban?athe school administrations.bthe student monitors.cthe students parents.dthe education minister.a考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“as for law enforcement，it

21、s up to individual school administrations to decide how to put through the ban.”可知，至于如何實施這項制度還是取決于每所學(xué)校的行政部門。故選a項。7what is the purpose of the last paragraph?ato show the parental response to the ban.bto provide a conclusion for the text.cto offer an example for the new law.dto make a list of the harm

22、 of using cellphones.a考查推理判斷。由最后一段中的“its something ive wanted for years”可知，這是這位家長多年來一直希望實施的法規(guī)，由此可推知，最后一段體現(xiàn)了家長對這項法規(guī)的看法。故選a項。c (湖南十校2020第二次聯(lián)考)online programs to fight depression are already commercially available.while they sound efficient and costsaving，a recent study reports that they are not effect

23、ive，primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage in them or stick with them.the study looked at computerassisted cognitive(認(rèn)知的) behavioral therapy(cbt) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.trad

24、itional cbt is considered an effective form of talk therapy(治療) for depression，helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behavior.however，online cbt programs have been gaining popularity，with the attraction of providing lowcost help wh

25、erever someone has access to a computer.a team of researchers from the university of york conducted a randomized(隨機(jī)的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across england.the patients were split into three groups：one group received only usual care from a physician whi

26、le the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized cbt programs.participants were balanced across the three groups for age，sex，educational background，severity，duration of depression，and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁藥)after four months，the patients using the comput

27、erized cbt programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.“its an important，cautionary note that we shouldnt get too carried away by the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists，”says christopher dowrick，a

28、professor of primary medical care at the university of liverpool.“we do still need the human touch or the human interaction，particularly when people are depressed.”being depressed can mean feeling “l(fā)ost in your own small，negative，dark world”，dowrick says.having a person，instead of a computer，reach o

29、ut to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation.“when youre emotionally vulnerable(脆弱的)，youre even more in need of a caring human being，”he says.【語篇解讀】一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，由計算機(jī)輔助的抗抑郁癥的在線認(rèn)知行為療法并沒有顯著效果，抑郁癥患者更需要醫(yī)生和治療師的傾聽和治療。8why have online cbt programs been increasingly popular?abecause of

30、their effectiveness in fighting depression.bbecause of their easy and inexpensive access for patients.cbecause of their recommendation by primary care doctors.dbecause of their attraction of changing mood and behavior.b考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“they sound efficient and costsaving”和第三段中的“online cbt programs hav

31、e been gaining popularity，with the attraction of providing lowcost help wherever someone has access to a computer”可知，在線認(rèn)知行為療法變得受歡迎主要是因為其價格低廉，并且人們只要在有電腦的地方都可以進(jìn)行該療法。故選b項。9what is the conclusion of the experiment done by researchers at the university of york?aonline cbt programs are as ineffective as r

32、egular care from physicians.bthe combination of traditional cbt and computerized cbt is most effective.cthe online programs are more advanced than regular care from physicians.donline cbt programs have no advantages over regular care from physicians.d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，相較于使用傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知行為療法進(jìn)行治療的患者，使用在線認(rèn)知

33、行為療法的患者的病情沒有得到任何改善。故選d項。10which of the following statements can best convey professor dowricks advice on online programs?atheir use should be encouraged by doctors.bthey should not be ignored in primary care.ctheir effectiveness should not be overestimated(高估)dthey should be used to help people cont

34、act these patients.c考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“its an important，cautionary note that we shouldnt get too carried away by the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists”以及“we do still need the human touch or the human interaction，particularly when people are depressed.”可知，克里斯托弗多利克認(rèn)為計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)不

35、能取代醫(yī)生和醫(yī)師治療抑郁癥，人們?nèi)匀恍枰伺c人之間的接觸和互動，尤其是當(dāng)人們感到沮喪時，所以在線認(rèn)知行為療法的效果不應(yīng)該被高估。故選c項。11what is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?aa positive state of mind.ban appropriate therapy.can advanced cbt program.da caring human being.d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“when youre emotionally vulnerable，youre even more in n

36、eed of a caring human being”可知，人們在情感脆弱時更需要一個關(guān)心自己的人。故選d項。d (山東名校2020聯(lián)考二)smart cities are coming.and you can be sure that hackers(黑客) wont be very far behind.weve already got a glimpse of that future，as cities across the globe start to use technology to connect their services with residents in ways th

37、at were in science fiction just a few years ago.they are using sensors to collect datasuch as traffic，garbage collecting，and road conditionsand then using that data to deliver services to more people more efficiently.but this rush to become a smart city has a major drawback：the more connected a city

38、 is，the easier it is to be struck by cyberattacks.hackers have，in recent years，effectively had cities held hostage through ransom software(勒索軟件)，sometimes damaging critical systems for months at a time.the damage can cost millions to repair，as baltimore and atlanta have discovered.and this is just t

39、he beginning. as cities add connectivity to their streetlights，power grids，dams，transit lines and other services，they are adding more targets that have the potential to be hacked.whats more，as additional information on residents is collected，officials worry the resultlots of data could attract natio

40、n states or terrorists who could incorporate the data into the physical and cyber war.what cyber security lesson cant be taught in this hack？for example：dont open email attachments from unfamiliar sources；dont click on unrecognized links；dont leave sensitive information visible on the walls or surfa

41、ces of your office.but lets just stick to the most important lesson：the information you share on social media can be used to depict and target you，whether thats by engineering click bait(點擊誘餌) aimed at your particular interests，guessing your password based on your birthday or figuring out your sched

42、ule and travel so that an intruder can get access to your home or office.【語篇解讀】本文主要論述了智能城市在給人們帶來方便的同時也存在著很大的安全隱患。12what did people use to think of smart cities?ait was the product of science.bit was bound to be popular.cit existed in imagination.dit improved peoples life.c考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“as cities ac

43、ross the globe start to use technology to connect their services with residents in ways that were in science fiction just a few years ago”可知，以往人們認(rèn)為智能城市似乎只存在于科幻小說中，也就是存在于想象之中。故選c項。13what does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?aintroduce the harm of hackers.bshow the danger of a smart city.cadd s

44、ome background information.dsummarize the previous paragraphs.b考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的開頭“but this rush to become a smart city has a major drawback”中的關(guān)鍵詞drawback以及下文提到了智能城市的很多缺點可知，第三段是為了說明智能城市存在的危險。故選b項。14what is officials attitude to big data?ait is convenient to provide services.bit is certain to bring about

45、 revolutions.cthere are actually potential dangers.dtheres competition in high technology.c考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“officials worry the resultlots of data could attract nation states or terrorists who could incorporate the data into the physical and cyber war”可知，政府官員認(rèn)為大數(shù)據(jù)實際上具有潛在的危害。故選c項。15what does the underl

46、ined word“depict”in paragraph 5 mean?adescribe. bprotect.cpursue.dfund.a考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第五段中畫線詞后的“whether thats by engineering click bait aimed at your particular interests，guessing your password based on your birthday or figuring out your schedule.”可知，你發(fā)布在社交媒體上的信息可能會被用來描繪出你的信息并將你作為攻擊目標(biāo)，如獲取你的興趣愛好、猜測你的密碼以及掌

47、握你的日程安排和行蹤。由此可推斷該詞的意思是“描繪”。故選a項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(福建廈門2020第二次質(zhì)檢)supporting otherswere always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others.indeed，its natural to want to support those we care about，especially if we are in a position t

48、o do so. 16 when we offer support，it may not always be wanted. 17 in this case，offering support in the manner of “. if i were you，i would.”can feel like a scolding rather than support.if our support feels conditional，it can feel burdensome. 18 when someone is trying to manage illness or the house mo

49、ve，just saying，“how could i help you today？”can be amazingly supportive.or，suggest what you can do for them：picking up the shopping，taking the dog for a walk.even if its not needed，just knowing youve been thinking of others can be supportive in itself.try to be mindful of offering support that is di

50、sabling，rather than enabling.my son，when aged five，wanted to make a cup of tea.i could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this.so i filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures.it felt like a huge risk but it worked.his pleasure was immeasurable.the same principle applie

51、s when we offer support that increases someone elses capacity. 19 sometimes the only support thats needed is to listen without judgment. 20 this reassures(使安心) them that someone cares enough to listen while they express themselves.when times are tough，remember to keep things stable.waiting until the

52、 storm has passed is all it takes.support often works best when its a twoway process.it is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them.awalk alongside someone and make comments.bcome up with a couple of ideas for your friends.cask what support is needed and provide p

53、ractical support.dthis can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them.ebut we can do more by thinking about the support we can offer.fsometimes people are trying to manage life in their own ways.gjust be there，while someone lets out his or her feelings.【語篇解讀】本文論述了我們應(yīng)該如何支持別人及在支持別人的過程中應(yīng)注意什么。16

54、e根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，下文講到具體支持別人的辦法，可推知設(shè)空處引出下文。e選項中的“we can do more”承接上文中的“to do so”，且“thinking about the support we can offer”與下文“when we offer support，it may not always be wanted.”相呼應(yīng)。故選e項。17f根據(jù)下文“in this case”可知，設(shè)空處講述一種情況，在這種情況下提供幫助會像是一種斥責(zé)而不是支持。f選項(有時人們想用自己的方式管理生活)符合語境，與上文“it may not always be wanted”相呼應(yīng)。故選

55、f項。18c根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容可知，有時候只是問一句“有什么能幫你的嗎？”就是一種支持。由此可知，c選項(詢問需要什么支持并提供實際的幫助)符合語境，選項中“ask what support is needed”與下文“just saying，how could i help you today？”相呼應(yīng)。故選c項。19d由本段前半部分內(nèi)容可知，此處講到給別人以間接甚至“相反”的幫助。d選項承接上文的內(nèi)容，符合語境，且其中this指代上文中的“support that increases someone elses capacity”。故選d項。20g由設(shè)空處前一句以及本段最后一句“waiting

56、until the storm has passed is all it takes.”可推知，此處表示在有人發(fā)泄內(nèi)心的情感時，只在旁邊聆聽就是一種幫助。g選項中的just be there與上句中的to listen without judgment相呼應(yīng)，故選g項。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從所給的a、b、c、d四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2020山東新高考名校聯(lián)考) it was on my 30th birthday.when i came back，my mother was 21 herself p

57、roudly in her usual chair，with two shirt boxes 22 blue paper and a pink card in front of her.“happy birthday！” she said, 23 at the boxes.“open them.”my mom had got me 24 what i wanted，as she always knows me.i hugged and thanked her and 25 to eat the chocolate cake.“high calories，i shouldnt have done that，”i said，not really caring.mom waved off my puton 26 dismissively and laughed.two weeks later，i came upon the same 27 ：my mom sitting in th