中考英語(yǔ)科技類(lèi)閱讀答題技巧ppt課件

1、中考總復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解D,試題及答題技巧分析,主要內(nèi)容,1.閱讀理解D在中考中的地位和作用 2.閱讀理解D的文章類(lèi)型及特點(diǎn)。 3.閱讀理解D的試題類(lèi)型及特點(diǎn)。 4.答題技巧分析,閱讀理解D的文體特點(diǎn)及結(jié)構(gòu)特征,類(lèi)型：科普類(lèi)文章 話題內(nèi)容：天文、地理、醫(yī)學(xué)、建筑、物理、 環(huán)境、氣候等。 體裁：說(shuō)明文 結(jié)構(gòu)特征：邏輯性強(qiáng)、層次分明、段落清晰 語(yǔ)言：準(zhǔn)確、無(wú)感情色彩，句式較長(zhǎng)，結(jié)構(gòu) 較復(fù)雜，難句較多，語(yǔ)法分析較困難,閱讀理解D的試題類(lèi)型及特點(diǎn),46題：猜詞 47題：細(xì)節(jié)考察 48題：讀圖 49題：判斷句子正誤 50題：主旨,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-解釋猜詞法 例

2、如：The typewriter has a carriage which holds and moves the paper. carriage: 夾送紙張的裝置,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-正反對(duì)比猜詞法 例如：I think theyre impolite. They should stand up and receive the gift with courtesy,courtesy：有禮貌地,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-比較猜詞法 例如：Animals have different living habits. Some like to look for food at da

3、ytime and sleep at night, but some like to sleep at daytime and prowl at night,prowl：尋找食物,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-因果關(guān)系猜詞法 例如：We were unable to get enough money and therefore we had to abandon the project,abandon：放棄,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-同義詞猜詞法 例如：There was a lot of traffic on the roads. Yet lots of vehicles on th

4、e roads have caused safety, environmental and energy problems,vehicles：車(chē)輛,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-背景知識(shí)猜詞法 例如：When a doctor does and operation on a patient, he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him,anesthetic

5、：麻醉劑 unconscious： 無(wú)知覺(jué)的,答題技巧-如何猜詞,局部代入法-構(gòu)詞法猜詞法 例如：With a history of more than 2,000 years, some parts of the Great Wall are now in ruins or have even disappear,disappear: 消失,局部代入法的種類(lèi),解釋猜詞法 正反對(duì)比猜詞法 比較猜詞法 因果關(guān)系猜詞法 同義詞猜詞法 背景知識(shí)猜詞法 構(gòu)詞法猜詞法,2008中考,But the top, which is called crest, keeps moving. ( )48. The

6、underlined word “crest” in the passage means _in Chinese. A.波峰 B.波谷 C.波長(zhǎng),A,解釋猜詞法,2009市模,As the warmer air expands，a low pressure (壓力) forms near the top of the mountain ( )46The underlined word“expands in the passage means“_” in Chinese A沉淀 B膨脹 C爆炸,B,背景知識(shí)猜詞法,2010市模,The two pictures can be made into

7、a 3D picture. However, we cant see stereoscopic effect on the photos or on TV, thats because what we see on them is always on the same surface (表面). ( )46. The underlined word “stereoscopic” in the passage means “_”in Chinese. A.平面的 B.立體的 C.放大的,正反對(duì)比猜詞法,B,2010中考,Surface skin cells fit together closel

8、y with no gaps between them ( )46The underlined word “gaps” in the passage means “_”in Chinese A突起 B條紋 C縫隙,C,同義詞猜詞法,2006中考,Nowadays more and more people care about the exploration（開(kāi)采）of the natural resources, such as oil. （ ）46.The word “resources” in the passage means . A.資源 B.現(xiàn)象 C.商品,解釋猜詞法,A,答題技巧-

9、如何選圖,圖文結(jié)合法 常識(shí)判斷法 找茬排除法,答題技巧-如何選圖,排序類(lèi),) 48. When the flood comes, can describe the working steps of the MOSE gates.（11中考,Before the gates are in use, they are under the sea and full of water. When the flood comes, the water in the gates will be poured out, and then the gate will be filled with air. S

10、o the gates can go up with the sea water,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）圖文結(jié)合法,) 48. When the flood comes, can describe the working steps of the MOSE gates.（11中考,Before the gates are in use, they are under the sea and full of water. When the flood comes, the water in the gates will be poured out, and then the gate wil

11、l be filled with air. So the gates can go up with the sea water,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序,B,) 48. When the flood comes, can describe the working steps of the MOSE gates.（11中考,Before the gates are in use, they are under the sea and full of water. When the flood comes, the water in the gates will be poured out, an

12、d then the gate will be filled with air. So the gates can go up with the sea water,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）常識(shí)判斷法,B,) 48. When the flood comes, can describe the working steps of the MOSE gates.（11中考,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）找茬排除法,B,)48Skin cells heal cuts in three steps_ is the right order（10中考,Aabc Bbca Cacb,First，the cel

13、ls near the cut get bigger and move into the gap Next，these bigger cells meet in the middleThey form a new layer(層)of skin cellsFinally，new cells will grow until the gap disappears completely,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）圖文結(jié)合法,)48Skin cells heal cuts in three steps_ is the right order（10中考,Aabc Bbca Cacb,First，the

14、cells near the cut get bigger and move into the gap Next，these bigger cells meet in the middleThey form a new layer(層)of skin cellsFinally，new cells will grow until the gap disappears completely,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序,B,)48Skin cells heal cuts in three steps_ is the right order（10中考,Aabc Bbca Cacb,First，the c

15、ells near the cut get bigger and move into the gap Next，these bigger cells meet in the middleThey form a new layer(層)of skin cellsFinally，new cells will grow until the gap disappears completely,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）常識(shí)判斷法,B,) 47. Match (與相匹配) the sentences with the pictures and choose the right answer.（08中考）

16、 (1) The basketball moves up to the top with the wave. (2) The wave continues and leaves the basketball behind. (3) When the wind blows, a wave comes from behind the basketball,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）圖文結(jié)合法,C,) 47. Match (與相匹配) the sentences with the pictures and choose the right answer.（08中考） (1) The basketba

17、ll moves up to the top with the wave. (2) The wave continues and leaves the basketball behind. (3) When the wind blows, a wave comes from behind the basketball,答題技巧-如何選圖（排序）找茬排除法,C,答題技巧-如何選圖,識(shí)圖類(lèi),)48. Picture _ shows how stereoscopic effect is made in the right way.（10模擬,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,And then,

18、 these scenes are actually shown at the same time by two filter projectors (放映機(jī)) that are placed on the left and right side of the 3D movie theater. Now what we need is 3D glasses which also have red and blue filters. The red filter of 3D glasses can make red light less or even disappear so that we

19、can see the scenes the blue filter projector gives, meantime the blue filter of 3D glasses works in the same way, too,)48. Picture _ shows how stereoscopic effect is made in the right way.（10模擬,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),And then, these scenes are actually shown at the same time by two filter projectors (放映機(jī)) th

20、at are placed on the left and right side of the 3D movie theater. Now what we need is 3D glasses which also have red and blue filters. The red filter of 3D glasses can make red light less or even disappear so that we can see the scenes the blue filter projector gives, meantime the blue filter of 3D

21、glasses works in the same way, too,A,)48. Picture _ shows how stereoscopic effect is made in the right way.（10模擬,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）找茬排除法,A,)48. Picture_ shows how the iPhones touchscreen works.(11市模,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,When the screen is touched, the charge (電荷) from the human body can affect the charge

22、 from the capacitive screen which is behind the surface screen, and pull a small amount of charge of the touch point, creating a voltage (電壓) hill, then the charge from four corners of the capacitive screen runs to the voltage hill,)48. Picture_ shows how the iPhones touchscreen works.(11市模,答題技巧-如何選

23、圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),When the screen is touched, the charge (電荷) from the human body can affect the charge from the capacitive screen which is behind the surface screen, and pull a small amount of charge of the touch point, creating a voltage (電壓) hill, then the charge from four corners of the capacitive screen ru

24、ns to the voltage hill,B,)48. Picture_ shows how the iPhones touchscreen works.(11市模,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）找茬排除法,B,)49_ shows the circle of mountain breezes in the right way（09市模,During the night，the breezes blow oppositely(反向的)The air along the mountain sides begins to cool quickly without sunshineAs the a

25、ir there cools， it begins to go down，causing a mountain breeze,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,)49_ shows the circle of mountain breezes in the right way（09市模,During the night，the breezes blow oppositely(反向的)The air along the mountain sides begins to cool quickly without sunshineAs the air there cools， it begin

26、s to go down，causing a mountain breeze,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),A,)49_ shows the circle of mountain breezes in the right way（09市模,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）找茬排除法,A,)48Picture _shows how E1 Nin6 causes a drought in Australia(09中考,During an E1 Nino weather pattern, the winds change directionThey blow from west to east acros

27、s the Pacific OceanThe storms no longer move across AustraliaSo Australia gets very little rain during E1 Nino,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,)48Picture _shows how E1 Nin6 causes a drought in Australia(09中考,During an E1 Nino weather pattern, the winds change directionThey blow from west to east across the Paci

28、fic OceanThe storms no longer move across AustraliaSo Australia gets very little rain during E1 Nino,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),B,)49. _shows low tides and high tides in the right way.（08模擬,When the Moon is overhead, forming a high tide. At the same time, the oceans on the opposite(另一面的) side of the Earth making

29、 another high tide as the Earth is pulled toward the Moon,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,)49. _shows low tides and high tides in the right way.（08模擬,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),When the Moon is overhead, forming a high tide. At the same time, the oceans on the opposite(另一面的) side of the Earth making another high tide as the

30、 Earth is pulled toward the Moon,B,)49. _shows low tides and high tides in the right way.（08模擬,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）找茬排除法,B,)48. Picture _ tells us how harmful chemicals pollute our environment.（12中考,When people drive their cars, fumes which are most made up of CO2, NO2 and SO2 are given off. After the gas

31、es get into the air, they may mix with clouds,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,)48. Picture _ tells us how harmful chemicals pollute our environment.（12中考,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),When people drive their cars, fumes which are most made up of CO2, NO2 and SO2 are given off. After the gases get into the air, they may mix wit

32、h clouds,A,)48. Picture _ tells us how harmful chemicals pollute our environment.（12中考,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）找茬排除法,A,) 48. Picture _ shows the right features of different particulate matters.（12市模,PM 10 particulates like dust and dirt PM 2.5 particulates are made up smoke, metal, liquid dropsHowever, PM0.1p

33、articulates are some tiny chemical material like C or N,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,) 48. Picture _ shows the right features of different particulate matters.（12市模,PM 10 particulates like dust and dirt PM 2.5 particulates are made up smoke, metal, liquid dropsHowever, PM0.1particulates are some tiny chemica

34、l material like C or N,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi),A,) 48. Picture _ shows the right features of different particulate matters.（12市模,答題技巧-如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）找茬排除法,A,)46. _shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.（2007中考,About 30% of these are satellites(衛(wèi)星),10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk,答題技巧-

35、如何選圖（識(shí)圖類(lèi)）圖文結(jié)合法,C,答題技巧-如何找中心,過(guò)渡句判定法 首尾呼應(yīng)判定法 主題句判定法,過(guò)渡句判定法,When we have small cuts in the skin(皮膚)，something strange may happenThe cuts are able to heal(痊愈) themselves in a couple of daysHow does this happen? Read on，and you will find out the secret,)50The best title for this passage should be _ AHOW

36、SKIN CELLS HEAL CUT BTHE IMPORTANCE OF SKIN CHOW TO PROTECT OUR FINGERS,2010中考,A,首尾呼應(yīng)判定法,Scientists think that a weather pattern(形式)called El Nino(厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象)caused the drought(干旱)in AustraliaE1 Nin6 causes different weather in different parts of the worldIt causes a lot of rain and floods in some place

37、sIt causes droughts in other placesDroughts can badly affect people and the landE1 Nin6 lasts about a year The Australian drought of 1982-1983 affected thousands of people and animalsThe drought cost the country over$3,000，000，000It was a reminder(提示)to Australians of how the weather could change th

38、eir lives,)50Whats the main idea of the passage? AA drought happened in South America BE1 Nino caused a great drought in Australia CAustralia got much rain during E1 Nino,2009中考,B,主題句判定法 2007中考,As space science develops，man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success. Scientists have found out that radiation(輻射)is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of radiation from the sun and the stars, which is bad for their health. Th