英語(yǔ)初一下冊(cè)1-6單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、英語(yǔ)初一下冊(cè)1-6單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit 1 Can you play the guitar ?1、can+動(dòng)詞原形，它不隨主語(yǔ)和數(shù)而變化。(1)含有can的肯定句：主語(yǔ)+can+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。(2)變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，把can提前：Can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+can。否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)+cant.(3)含有can的否定句：主語(yǔ)+cant+動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。(4)含有can的特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？2、may+動(dòng)詞的原形。（may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）一般疑問(wèn)句是把may提前，肯定回答是：Yes，主語(yǔ) +may。否定回答是：No，主語(yǔ)+mustn

2、t?；騪lease dont。join+某個(gè)組織，俱樂(lè)部，party，參軍，黨派等 “加入”Join sb. “參加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做.，參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)” Join in=take part in +活動(dòng)，比賽3、說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言：speak+語(yǔ)言 4、play+球、棋、牌；play+the+樂(lè)器。5、擅長(zhǎng)于（做）什么：be good at +名詞/動(dòng)ing6、協(xié)助某人做某事：help sb. (to ) do sth. help sb. with sth.7、我能知道你名字嗎？May I know your name?8、想要做什么：want to do st

3、h 例如：I want to learn about art.9、What club do you want to join?I want to join the chess club and the basketball club.10、What club does Tom want to join? He wants to join the swimming club .11、He cant play the violin or the piano. Can you help kids with swimming?12、Why do you want to join the English

4、 club? Because I want to learn English well.Unit 2 What time do you go to school ?1、what time和when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。(1)對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)用what time，也能夠用when。詢問(wèn)鐘點(diǎn)時(shí)用what time，詢問(wèn)日期、月份、年份時(shí)用when。(2)詢問(wèn)做某事的時(shí)間時(shí)，兩者能夠互換。 (3)其他詢問(wèn)時(shí)間的句子：Whats the time? =What time is it?現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？時(shí)刻表達(dá)法：順讀法和逆讀法。(1)順讀法：“鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘”直接讀數(shù)字。(2)逆讀法：借助介詞past或to表示，要先說(shuō)分

5、再說(shuō)鐘點(diǎn)。A.當(dāng)分鐘不超過(guò)30分鐘時(shí)（包括30分鐘），即30，用to表示。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：“所差分鐘（即60所過(guò)度鐘數(shù)）+to+下一個(gè)整點(diǎn)”，to譯成“差”，差幾分鐘到幾點(diǎn)。C.當(dāng)分鐘為30分鐘用half表示，當(dāng)分鐘為15分鐘用a quarter。2、always 總是usually 通常often常常sometime 有時(shí)3、Watch+TV、球賽 “觀看，觀賞”，特指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間注視。See+電影、醫(yī)生 “看見(jiàn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果。Look “看”，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，look后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要用介詞at。Read+書(shū)刊、雜志 “閱讀”4、listen to +賓語(yǔ) 6、Take a shower “淋浴” 7、Ea

6、t breakfast 吃早餐5、Go to +地點(diǎn)名詞 如：go to school go+地點(diǎn)副詞 如：go homeUnit 3 How do you get to school?一、本單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)1.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地鐵3.take the train 坐火車(chē) 4.leave for 到地方去，離開(kāi)去某地5.taketo把帶到 6. most students 絕大部分學(xué)生7. fromto從到 8.think of 想到，想起9.ride bikes 騎自行車(chē) 10.in other parts of the world 在世

7、界的其他地方11. how far 多遠(yuǎn) (路程、距離) 12.how long多長(zhǎng)（時(shí)間）13.take the train to school 乘火車(chē)去上學(xué) 14.in places 在一些地方15.go to school by boat乘船去上學(xué) 16.on the school bus乘坐校車(chē)17.be different from和不同 18.one 11-year old boy 一個(gè)十一歲大的男孩二、重點(diǎn)知識(shí)詳解1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名詞，乘去某地，是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作謂語(yǔ)。He takes the train. take the subway乘地鐵

8、take a walk散步 take a shower洗個(gè)澡take a rest休息一會(huì) take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃藥2.by+表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞或on/in+ a/an/the/ones+表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞，是介詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)。I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地點(diǎn)名詞，步行/騎自行車(chē)/開(kāi)車(chē)/坐飛機(jī)去某地表示乘交通工具方式能夠互換表達(dá)相同的意義：Take the bus to school=go to school

9、 by bus=go to school on a busDrive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a carFly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.4.get表示“到達(dá)”，后接名詞需加to，接地點(diǎn)副詞不加to.reach 給示到達(dá)，是及物動(dòng)詞，其后直接接賓語(yǔ)。arrive in+大地點(diǎn) arrive at +小地點(diǎn) 后接副詞不需介詞。5. It takes sb

10、 some money/time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/錢(qián)做某事Sb pay some money for sth 某人為某物花費(fèi)多少錢(qián)Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/錢(qián)Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢(qián)6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A?答語(yǔ)有兩種：W wW.x kB 1.c Om（1） Itsmeters/miles/kilometers(a

11、way)有米/英里/千米（遠(yuǎn)）（2） It s about ten minutes walk/ ride. 大約有十分鐘步行/騎車(chē)的路程。7have to 后加動(dòng)詞原形，側(cè)重客觀的需要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多種時(shí)態(tài)形式，否定式為dont have to(neednt)意為“不必”。Must 側(cè)重于說(shuō)話者的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)做某事，只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)一種形式,否定式mustt意為“一定不要，不允許，禁止”反意詞為“neednt”。8.感謝用語(yǔ)：Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks.回答感謝用語(yǔ)的句子：Thats ok /all

12、right. 不用謝。You are welcome 不客氣。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客氣、那是我的榮幸。/Dont mention it。別在意。 It was nothing at all.那沒(méi)什么。三、語(yǔ)法歸納（一）how 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句1.how 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句提問(wèn)交通方式，其答語(yǔ)分三種情況：a. take a/an/the+交通工具（單數(shù)）b. by+交通工具（單數(shù)）c. on/in+限定詞+交通工具2. how far 用來(lái)提問(wèn)距離，多遠(yuǎn)，其答語(yǔ)分為兩種：（1）用長(zhǎng)度單位表示：It is five k

13、ilometers.（2）用時(shí)間表示：Its twenty minutes walk.3.how long 用來(lái)提問(wèn)時(shí)間，意為多久回答常用“for+段時(shí)”。-How long have you learnt English?-For 3 years.how soon 用來(lái)提問(wèn)做完某事還需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間， 常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)， 常用“in+時(shí)間段”來(lái)回答。How soon will you arrive in Beijing?-In 3 hours.Unit 4 Dont eat in class肯定的祈使句：(1) 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他； (2) be動(dòng)詞原形+形容詞+其他； (3) Let sb d

14、o sth.否定的祈使句：(1) Dont+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+原形； (2) Dont be+形容詞+其他；(3) Dont let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.練：(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _ in bed.”A. not read B. doesnt read C. dont read D. didnt read(2) Dont _ (fight). = No _ (fight).2. 不要遲到：Dont arrive late. = Dont be late. (arrive = be)上課/上學(xué)不要遲到：Dont arrive (be) l

15、ate for class/school.3. 主語(yǔ)省略（無(wú)主語(yǔ)）：Dont arrive late for class.主語(yǔ)不省略（有主語(yǔ)）：We cant arrive ;ate for class.4. 在學(xué)校我們必須穿校服：We have to wear uniforms at school.句型：不得不/必須做某事：have to do sth否定：不必做某事：dont have to do sth穿校服：?jiǎn)螖?shù)：wear a uniform 復(fù)數(shù)：wear uniforms練：(1) I cant stop smoking, doctor. For your health, Im a

16、fraid you _.A. can B. may C. must D. have to5. 在我家里有太多的規(guī)矩：I have too many rules in my house.詞組：太多：too many6. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)有任何快樂(lè)：I never have any fun.(never譯為“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”，表示否定，否定句中表示“任何，一些”，用any)7. 不要大聲說(shuō)話：Dont talk loudly.請(qǐng)大聲說(shuō)：Speak loudly, please.8. 他擅長(zhǎng)于唱歌：He is good at singing.句型：擅長(zhǎng)于做某事：be good at doing sth9. 表示“

17、地點(diǎn)”的詞組：(1) 在教室里：in the classroom 在課堂上：in class(2) 在走廊上：in the hallways 在學(xué)校里：at school = in school10. 表示“時(shí)間”的詞組：(1) 下課后：after class 放學(xué)后：after school(2) 在上學(xué)的白天/晚上：on school days/nights 比較：at night(3) 到晚上10點(diǎn)鐘之前：by 10 oclock p.m.11. (1) with 和； 如：He lives in Beijing with my parents. (不能用and)(2) with 戴著；

18、 如：Do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用wears)(3) with 有著； 如：Its an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)Unit5 Why do you like pandas?1. 讓我們先去看考拉。- Lets see the koalas first. (first翻譯為“首先”)你為什么最喜歡考拉？- Why do you like koalas best? (best翻譯為“最”)-因?yàn)樗鼈兒芸蓯?ài)。- Because they are very cute.句型：讓某人做某事：l

19、et sb do sth2. 你為什么不喜歡老虎？- Why dont you like tigers?-因?yàn)樗鼈冇悬c(diǎn)嚇人。- Because they are kind of scary. 在此處，表示“不”，只要在do后加not即可。 有點(diǎn)：kind of+形容詞 = a little+形容詞3. 你還喜歡別的什么動(dòng)物？ What other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)你喜歡和別的年輕人工作嗎？ Do you like to work with other young people?This isnt my sweater. Its

20、 _ (you).Are all these children _ (you)?4. 他是一個(gè)8歲的男孩：He is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名詞boy, 用連字符，year用原形)他8歲：He is 8 years old. (后無(wú)名詞boy, 不用連字符，歲數(shù)大于1，year變復(fù)數(shù))5. 請(qǐng)保持安靜：Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep譯為“保持”，= be)6. 他每天通常睡和放松20個(gè)小時(shí)：He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.每天：every day (要

21、分開(kāi)) 連在一起的everyday翻譯為“日常的”，是個(gè)形容詞。7. 和某人玩：play with sb (倒翻)8. 在白天：during the day = in the day 在此處，during = in9. 在晚上：at night = in the evening 在上學(xué)的晚上/白天：on school nights/days10. 吃草：eat grass 吃葉子：eat leaves (leaf的復(fù)數(shù)形式) 吃肉：eat meat11. 相似單詞比較：(1) 草：grass (不可數(shù)，無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)) (2) 玻璃：glass 復(fù)數(shù)：glasses 眼鏡12. 漢語(yǔ)：因?yàn)椋?英語(yǔ)

22、：because, so (不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中)漢語(yǔ)：雖然，但是 英語(yǔ)：though, but (只能使用其中一個(gè))如：_ Tom is tired, _ he wants to have a food rest.A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but13. (1) first num. 第一； 如：Sunday is the first day of a week.(2) first adv. 首先；首先：at first 如：Lets see the koalas first.14. (1) best adv. 最； 如：Wh

23、y do you like koalas best?(2) best adj. 的； 如：Who do you think is the best teacher in your class?15. (1) very adv. 非常（放在形容詞前）； 如：The koalas are very cute.(2) very much 非常（放在動(dòng)詞后）； 如：Thank you very much.16. (1) kind(s) of n. 種類； 如：There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo.What kind of noodles would you

24、 like?(2) kind of = a little adv. 有點(diǎn)；（無(wú)形式變化） 如：He is kind of lazy.(3) kind adj. 和藹的，友善的； 如：Its kind of you to help me with my English.17. 樹(shù)葉：leaf 復(fù)數(shù)：leaves 變化規(guī)則：去f加ves;18. 小偷：thief 復(fù)數(shù)：thieves 變化規(guī)則：去f加ves.Unit6 Im watching TV1. 現(xiàn)在實(shí)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be+Ving. (be動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞+ing兩者缺一不可)考題形式：(1) 已知be動(dòng)詞，考后面的動(dòng)詞形式（要加ing）；(

25、2) 已知后面的動(dòng)詞+ing, 則前面用be動(dòng)詞。如：(1) The boy is _ (run) with his father.(2) Some children are _ (lie) on the grass.(3) My brother and I are _ (play) soccer.(4) His sister is _ (read) a book.2. -你正在做什么？- What are you doing? -我正在看電視。- Im watching TV.3. 那聽(tīng)起來(lái)很棒：That sounds great/good.4. 謝謝你的信和照片：Thanks for yo

26、ur letter and the photos. 謝謝某東西：Thanks for sth 句型：謝謝做某事：Thanks for doing sth5. 這是我的一些照片：Here are some of my photos. (“一些照片”是“復(fù)數(shù)”，be用are)這是我的一張全家福照片：Here is a photo of my family. (“一張照片”是“單數(shù)”，be用is)6. 句型：忙于做某事：be busy doing sth如：His brother is busy _ (write) stories in his room.7. 表示“活動(dòng)”的“動(dòng)詞詞組” 做家庭作業(yè)

27、：do ones homework 打掃房間：clean the room 吃晚飯：eat dinner 打電話：talk on the phone = make a telephone call 看書(shū)/看報(bào)/看雜志：read books, read newspapers, read magazines (學(xué)生)上課：have an English class (老師)上課：give an English class 舉行晚會(huì)：have an evening party 和某人說(shuō)再見(jiàn)：say goodbye to sb8. 在購(gòu)物中心：at the mall 在游泳池：at the (swim

28、ming) pool在學(xué)校：at school 在體育館里：in the gym9. 在第一張照片中：in the first photo 在第二張照片中：in the second photo在下一張照片中：in the next photo 在最后一張照片中：in the last photo10. 等汽車(chē)：wait for the bus 在汽車(chē)站等(某人)：wait (for sb) at the bus stop11. 我的兄弟和我：my brother and I (要把“我”放在后面)12. (身體)好，健康：well = fine 如：- How is your mother?

29、 - She is _.13. 活動(dòng)：activity 復(fù)數(shù)：activities (以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，去y加ies)玩具：toy 復(fù)數(shù)：toys (以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加s)14. (1) 也：also 用于“肯定句的句中”；(2) 也：too 用于“肯定句的句末，前加逗號(hào)”；(3) 也：either 用于“否定句的句末，前加逗號(hào)”。15. (1) show n. 節(jié)目；如：TV show, sports show, game show, talk show(2) show v. 給看；如：Can you show me your family photo?Ill show you

30、 the way.(3) show v. 表演；如：Can you show us Beijing Opear?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) The Simple Present Tense一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) ；表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和水平等。例如：1、He is twelve. 他十二歲。2、I go to school at seven every day.3、They speak Japanese.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和表示時(shí)間頻度的副詞連用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。1. I often read

31、 books in the evening.2. Do they usually go to school by bike?3. He doesnt like milk. He never drinks it.4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和以下時(shí)間表達(dá)法連用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。Do they have math in the morni

32、ng?She sleeps nine hours every night.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.They dont have classes on Sundays.它有三種形式：一、謂語(yǔ)是be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1、肯定形式是：主語(yǔ)+be+表語(yǔ)（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)）。2、否定形式是：主語(yǔ)+be+not+表語(yǔ)（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)）。3、一般疑問(wèn)句是：Be+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)）?肯定回答是：Yes,主語(yǔ)+be. 否定回答是：No, 主語(yǔ)+ be+not.4、特殊疑問(wèn)句是：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+Be開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?注意

33、：be要隨著主語(yǔ)變。二、謂語(yǔ)是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.+動(dòng)詞原形的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1、肯定形式是：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)。2、否定形式是：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.+not+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)。3、一般疑問(wèn)句是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.+動(dòng)詞原形+主語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)?？隙ɑ卮鹗牵篩es,主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞. 否定回答是：No, 主語(yǔ)+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not.4、特殊疑問(wèn)句是：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句？注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.+動(dòng)詞原形。三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1、肯定形式是：“主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”或“主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞”。2

34、、否定形式是：“主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”或“主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt+不及物動(dòng)詞”。3、一般疑問(wèn)句是：“Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)”或“Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞原形”?？隙ɑ卮鹗牵篩es,主語(yǔ)+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主語(yǔ)+ dont/doesnt.4、特殊疑問(wèn)句是：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do/does開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句？注意：根據(jù)主語(yǔ)確定用do還是does。動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：（用于第三人稱單數(shù)、可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中）1、直接加-slooklooksreadreadsplayplays stopstops2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加-esmissmissesfixfixes watchwatches washwashesgogoesdo-does3. 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i，再加-escarrycarries studystudieshurryhurries