(完整)人教版八年級上冊英語知識點總結(jié)(2),推薦文檔

1、人教版八年級上冊知識點匯總unit1where did you go on vacation?短語歸納go on vacation 去度假 stay at home 待在家里 go to the mountains 去爬ftgo to the beach 去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp 去參觀夏令營quite a few 相當多study for 為而學習 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分時間taste good 嘗起來很好吃 have a good time 玩得高興 of course 當然 in the pa

2、st 在過去feel like 給的感覺；感受go shopping 去購物walk around 四處走走because of 因為one bowl of 一碗the next day 第二天drink tea 喝茶find out 找出；查明go on 繼 續(xù) take photos 照相something important 重要的事up and down 上上下下come up 出來buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買某物taste + adj. 嘗起來 look+adj. 看起來nothingbut+動詞原形除了之外什么都沒有seem+（to be）

3、+ adj.看起來arrive in+大地點 / arrive at+小地點到達某地decide to do sth.決定去做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事 / try to do sth.盡力去做某事forget doing sth.忘記做過某事/ forget to do sth.忘記做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事want to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.開始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事why not do. sth.?

4、為什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+從句如此以至于 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事語法講解1. go on vacation 度假 vacation 相當于 holiday，但 vacation 表示長的假期。4. something interesting 有趣的東西1）something，anything，nothing，everything 是指物的不定代詞。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone 是指人的不定代詞。somewhere，anywhere，nowher

5、e，everywhere 是指地點的不定代詞。2）當形容詞修飾不定代詞、不定副詞時，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful.3）不定代詞、不定副詞做主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。如：is everybody here? 大家都到齊了嗎？4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere 用于肯定句及表示請求或建議的疑問句中anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere 用于否定句、疑問句及條件狀語從句中。如： did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑

6、問）why dont you visit someone with me? 你為什么不跟我一起去拜訪下某個人呢？（表建議）if anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情發(fā)生，請告訴我。6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books. 7.提建議的句子：8. ride bicycles騎自行車what/ how about +doing sth.?如：what/ how about going shopping?why dont you + do s

7、th.?如：why dont you go shopping?why not + do sth. ?如：why not go shopping?lets + do sth.如： lets go shoppingshall we/ i + do sth.?如：shall we/ i go shopping?13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive都是“到達“的意思get to+地點=reach+地點= arrive at+地點（?。?arrive in+地點（大）注意：若他們后面要加地點副詞 here, there, home 等，則不需要加介詞。14.nothing.but.意為

8、“除.之外； 只有”，如：i have nothing to do but watch tv all day long. 我整天除了看電視什么也沒干。15. feel like 意為：“感受到；摸起來”，后跟賓語從句或名詞。如：i felt like i was a bird. 我感覺我是一只鳥。另外，構成短語 feel like doing sth.意為“想做某事”。如：i feel like eating.我想吃東西。16. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做;樂意做enjoy oneself 過得愉快=have fun/have a good time.wonder19. i w

9、onder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道過去這里的生活是什么樣的(n): 奇跡；令人驚訝的事情如：no wonder! 難怪；不足為奇！(v)驚訝如：wonder at sth.;wonder to do sth.感到疑惑；想知道 如：i wonder where they are going.20. few 與 little 的區(qū)別：肯定否定許多可數(shù)a fewfewquite a few/not a few不可數(shù)a littlelittlequite a little/ not a little如：there is little suga

10、r in the bottle. can you get some?still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然沒有人感到煩悶。1）seem 意為“好像；似乎；看來”，是個連系動詞，構成的短語有：seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： they seem to wait for you. 他們似乎在等你。seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： he seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。it seems that + 從句 似乎. 如： it seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨

11、天他似乎病了。其他表示狀態(tài)的系動詞有：feel(覺得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看來像.）; smell（聞起來）sound（聽起來）taste（嘗起來）2） bored (adj)，意為“感到厭倦的、無聊的”,其主語是某人； boring(adj)，意為“令人厭倦的、無聊的”其主語是某物。 如：i got bored with the boring work.我對這無聊的工作感到厭倦。相類似的詞語還有interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/s

12、urprising22. decide（v）決定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth. decision(n)decide on doing sth.決定做某事如：li lei has decided to go to beijing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。23. because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.1） because of + 名詞/代詞/名短 i had to move because of my job. 因為工作的原因bec

13、ause +從句如：i do it because i like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡。2）below 意為“在.下面;低于”，其反義詞為 above，意為“在上面；高于”24. 形容詞/副詞enough如：wet/quietlyenough足夠漂亮enoughenough 名詞 如：enough umbrellas 足夠的雨傘足夠(形/副)enough+ (名) to do sth.足夠去做如：i have enough money to go to beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。she is not old enough to go to school.她年齡不夠，不能去

14、上學。同義句： she is too young to go to school.(too to :太 而不能) she is so young that she cant go to school.such如此以致于（結(jié)果）25. so+形/副+that 從句：she is so popular that everyone likes her. such+名短+ that 從句：she is such a popular girl that.so that 從句：結(jié)果（為了） 如：he gets up early so that he can catch the early bus.26.

15、反身代詞：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves 如：the child (herself) usually wears the clothes (herself).1.感嘆句的結(jié)構27. what a difference a day makes! 一天的差異多大啊！make a difference in：對有影響what a/an + adj.+ n(單)+主+謂！或 what + adj. +n（復不）+主+謂！2.how+ adj. +主+謂（聯(lián)系動詞）！或 how + adv+主+

16、謂（實義動詞）！28. i just stayed at homemost of the time to read and relax.unit2how often do you exercise?短語歸納help with housework 幫助做家務on weekends 在周末how often 多久一次hardly ever 幾乎從不once a week 每周一次twice a month 每月兩次every day 每天be free 有空 go to the movies 去看電影use the internet 用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)swing dance 搖擺舞play tennis 打

17、網(wǎng)球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚at least 至少have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈課和鋼琴課go to bed early 早點睡覺play sports 進行體育活動be good for 對有好處go camping 去野營notat all 一點兒也不in ones free time 在某人的業(yè)余時間the most popular 最受歡迎的such as 比如；諸如old habits die hard 積習難改go to the dentist 去看牙醫(yī)morn than 多于；超過less than 少于help sb. wit

18、h sth.幫助某人做某事how about?.怎么樣？/ 好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想讓某人做某事how many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+一般疑問句？有多少?主語+find+that 從句.發(fā)現(xiàn)spend time with sb.和某人一起度過時光its+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的的。ask sb. about sth.向某人詢問某事by doing sth. 通過做某事whats your favorite?你最喜愛的是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式語法講解1. exercise （v/n）的用法1）（動）:鍛煉. 如

19、： he exercises every day.2)(可數(shù)名詞)：“.操;練習”. 如：do morning/ eye exercises;do math exercises(不可數(shù)名詞):“鍛煉;運動”講：如： we often do / take exercise on weekends.2. -how often do you usually go shopping?sometimes/twice a week. 有時候/一周兩次.1) go shopping 意為“去購物”。go+ v- ing : 表示進行某項活動。如：go swimming/ shopping/skating/s

20、kiing/fishing/climbing/hiking2) 頻 率 副 詞 ：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never (1). sometimes: 有時候；sometime：某時；some times：許多次/倍;some time: 一段時間hard(2). hardly(adv): 幾乎不硬的；困難的；嚴厲的；勤奮的 a hard writer努力地； 猛烈地study/rain hard 3）how often 表示“多久一次”，是對動作的頻率進行提問。其回答通常有：頻

21、率副詞： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never how often 次數(shù)時間段:如：once or twice a weekevery 時間段: every day (每天)區(qū)別：everyday（每天的；日常的）注意：表示“一次或兩次”時，一般用 once 和 twice 表示。如：once a month(一個月一次)“多少”而表示“三次或以上”時，則用“數(shù)詞times”結(jié)構。如：five times a year (一年五次) 4） 由 how 構成的疑問詞組的用法how many+ 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)如：how many

22、programshow much+不可數(shù)名詞如：how much coffee但 how much=whats the price of.? 還有“多少錢”的意思 如：how much are those pants? how many times: “多少次”.其答語表示次數(shù)。如：once ,twice，three times 等how old.? 詢問年齡如：how old are you?i am five.(4)“how long?”多久(時間)常用 for two days，for three hours 等回答。多長（某物的長度） 如：-how long is the river?

23、- 10 kms. (5)how soon 用來詢問過多久，多久以后，其答語是 in two hours，in three days 等。如：how soon wil he come back？ in an hour。3. “空閑的”：are you free tonight?4. at least 至少at most 最多be free “自由的”： a free countryfreedom(n)5. stay up 熬夜“免費的”： work for free.6. junk food 垃圾食品5.full“滿的；飽的”be full of :the bottle is full of

24、water. 瓶子里裝滿了水?！懊Φ摹?busyhe had a full life6. she says its good for my health. 她說那對我的健康有益。(1）be good for：“對有好處”。 如：doing exercise is good for our health.（2） be good at：“擅長于”如：he is good at playing football.(3) be good to sb./sth: “對好”如：the old woman is good to us.(4) be good to do sth.: “適合；宜于”如：the

25、water is good to drink.(5) be good with: “與相處好”如 ： the teacher is good with his students. 7go online = use the internet ：上網(wǎng)8. teenager magazine青少年雜志9. more than two hours=over two hours:超過10. go to the dentist: 去看牙醫(yī)11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康12. ask sb. to do : 叫做某事te

26、acher asked me to clean the classroom.ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫不要做某事 teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask sb. about sth. : 問某人某事 we asked our students about their free time activities.ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求如：ask teacher for help13. help sb. with sth. 如：they help me with this problem.他們

27、幫助你解決這個問題。help sb.（to）do.如：they help you (to) solve this problem. 他們幫助你解決這個問題。14. (n) 驚訝: to ones surprise 令某人驚訝的是in surprise驚訝地surprisebe surprised at sth.對 感到意外v) 使驚奇、意外： be surprised to do sth.驚訝做某事be surprised that + 從句如：i was surprised at the news = i was surprised to hear the news.15. fifteen

28、percent of the students百分之十五的學生16.swing dance搖擺舞17. although(conj):“盡管；雖然”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系，同義詞有 though, 不能與 but 同時使用。如： although theyre neighbors, they dont play together.= theyre neighbors, but they dont play together. 盡管他們是鄰居，但是他們不在一起玩。18. maybe (adv): 也許，大概(maybe) he (maybe) knows it. may + v(原)：也許，大概he m

29、ay know it.如：maybe he is at home.= he maybe is at home.= he may be at home.19. its good to relax by using the internet or watching game shows. by:he learns english by singing english songs.通過 方式he went home by bus.= he went home on the bus= he took the bus home. through通過 方式+ 名詞： the best way to rel

30、ax is through exercise（從里面）穿過：climb through the window.注意： 橫過（從一邊到另一邊）walk across the street.例如20. such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game.for example + 句子： 如：its healthy for the mind and the body.21. old habits die hard. 惡習難改.die(v):死亡；消失death(n):死亡；dead(adj): 死的； dying(adj): 垂死的；臨終的；（植）枯萎的

31、 dying wish遺言21. you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.spend度過（時間）如：spend the weekend with family花費（時間、錢）如：he spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.同義句：he spent 20 yuan on the magazine.he paid 20 yuan for the magazine.it took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine. the magaz

32、ine cost him 20 yuan.unit3im more outgoing than my sister短語歸納more outgoing 更外向asas與一樣the singing competition 唱歌比賽be similar to 與相像的/類似的the same as 和相同；與一致be different from 與不同care about 關心；介意be like a mirror 像一面鏡子the most important 最重要的as long as 只要；既然bring out 使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出get better grades 取得更好的成績reach

33、 for 伸手取in fact 事實上；實際上make friends 交朋友the other 其他的touch ones heart 感動某人be talented in music 有音樂天賦be good at 擅長be good with 善于與相處have fun doing sth.享受做某事的樂趣be good at doing sth 擅長做某事make sb. do sth.讓某人做某事want to do sth.想要做某事as+adj./adv.的原級+as 與一樣its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.對某人來說，做某事的。語法講解15. 形容詞和副詞

34、的比較級一、含義 1. 大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級: good better - best2. 比較級：表示兩者(人或物)之間的比較。3. 加 more/most 的情況：.部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞；.-ed/ing 結(jié)尾的詞；adj+lyadv.4. 雙寫的詞：一個大熱天，一個胖子和一個瘦子穿著紅衣服，汗?jié)窳耍軅?。bighotfatthinredwetsad二比較級基本句型：連系動詞+ adj.（比）如： lucy is slower than lily. 1主語+謂語動詞+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 對比成分實義動詞+ adv./ （比）如：lucy r

35、uns more slowly than lily.2. 主語必須與對比成分保持一致：her hair is longer than yours.(your hair)同級比較3. as+adj./adv.(原級)+as : “如同一樣”否定： not as/so+adj./adv.(原級)+as : “不如一樣” 4比較級and比較級：越來越e.g.they talked more and moreloudly.5. the 比較級,the比較級：越就越 the more exercise you do, the stronger youll be.6. “which / who is +

36、比較級， a or b？”e.g. which t-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?7. the+比較級+of the（ two ） :兩者中較的一個of the twins, she was the more hard-working .8. 常用 the one 代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,the ones /those 代替復數(shù)名詞,that 代替不可數(shù)名詞.e.g.the book here is newer than the one on the deskthe apples on the tree are fresher than those/the

37、ones in the box. the weather in wuhan is hotter than that in beijing.9. 比較級前可用“數(shù)詞+名詞” 表示確定的度量。e.g. i am (5 years) older than himthe room is (3 times) as large as that one.注意： 1. 原級常與 very, as，so, too, quite，pretty, really 等連用。2. 比較級常與 much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等連用.3. than 后的比較狀語結(jié)

38、構:e.g. he runs faster than me/ i (do).16. you can tell that lisa really wanted to win, though. 然而，你能看得出麗莎真的想贏。講述： tell a story/lie/joke.1). tell告訴 ： tell sb. sth.(不能為 it/them)= tell sth. to sb. ; tell sb. (not) to do sth.辨別；識別：can you tell the differences between the twins?2).though 意為“然而；但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系

39、， 常放于句尾，用逗號隔開，而 however 可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗號隔開。 however，you can tell that lisa really wanted to win17. i think friends are like books- you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good.我認為朋友就像書-你不需要很多，只要好 就行。look like : 看起來像（外貌）she is pretty tall.be like:像（性格，外貌）he is outgoing/ serious.18. my best frie

40、nd helps to brings out the best in me. 我最好的朋友幫我激發(fā)出我最好的品質(zhì). 使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出： the dress brings out the color of her skin.bring out生產(chǎn)；出版： the factory brings out a new kind of car. bring out the best/worst in sb.激發(fā)出某人最好/最差的品質(zhì).19. i know she cares about me because shes always there to listen (to me).我知道她關心我，因為她隨

41、時都能夠聽我傾訴。(n) 小心；謹慎take care! 當心/保重cross the road with care. 1).care :介意；在乎（=mind）i dont care what happens.(v)care about: 關心；在意 如：he doesnt care about anything people say. care for關心；照顧 = take care of 或 look after2).be there喜歡；想要（否或疑） 如：would you care for a cup of coffee? for sb. 隨叫隨到；不離左右 如：parents

42、are always there for children. to do sth.隨時準備幫助如：she is there to work out the problem.20. i dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.if: 是否； 如果我真的不介意是否我的朋友與我一樣還是不同。21. they both like sports. 他們倆都喜歡運動。（both：兩個都；用在實動之前，其它動詞之后）you are both too young.they both speak english.both of

43、 .+名詞復數(shù)如： both of the flowers are beautiful. 兩朵花都很漂亮。bothand兩者都反義詞組：neithernor兩者都不注意：all：都（三者或三者以上）; either:兩者中任一個；every：每個（三者或三者以上）22.a true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.reach一個真正的朋友（在你需要幫助的時候）向你伸出手，觸動你的心弦。到達：reach /arrive at /get to the school伸手去拿：reach ( out ones hand) for

44、sth.與取得聯(lián)系：how can i reach you?延伸：the forest reaches as far as the river.森林延伸到河邊。touch(v) 接觸；觸摸：dont touch the paint!請勿觸油漆!觸動；感動 i was touched/moved by his words.我被他的話打動了。(n)接觸；聯(lián)系:keep in /losetouch with sb.與.保持失去聯(lián)系get in touch with sb.與.取得聯(lián)系23. she made me laugh and feel better.(laugh at sb. 笑話；取笑某人

45、) make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事make+賓語+形容詞: 使某人/某事怎樣如：his words make us happy.2).24. its not easy for me to make friends.(make friends with sb. 與.交朋友)its+adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth.: 某人做某事怎么樣. (it 是形式主語，to do sth.是真正主語)25. the most important thing is to learn something new and h

46、ave fun.最重要的事情是學習新的東西和過的開心。26. thats why i like reading books and i study harder in class.那是我喜歡讀書和在班上更努力學習的原因。unit 4whats the best movie theater?短語歸納movie theater 電影院close to離近clothes store 服裝店in town 在鎮(zhèn)上so far 到目前為止10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽車 10 分鐘的路程talent show 才藝表演in common 共同；共有around the world 世界各地

47、；全世界more and more越來越 and so on 等等all kinds of各種各樣的be up to 是的職責；由決定make up 編造（故事、謊言等） play a role in在方面發(fā)揮作用/有影響for example 例如takeseriously 認真對待 give sb. sth.給某人某物come true（夢想、希望）實現(xiàn)；達到watch sb. do sth.觀看某人做某事play a role in doing sth.發(fā)揮做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色one of+可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)之一形容詞和副詞的最高級語法講解一、含義 1. 大多數(shù)形容詞和副

48、詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級: badly worse - worst2. 最高級：表示三者或三者以上(人或物)之間的比較。二最高級基本句型結(jié)構 系動詞+ the+adj.(最)of + 同類 ( of all/us.)1. 主語 + 謂語動詞 + the + adj./adv.(最)+ 實義動詞+ (the)+ adv.(最）in + 范圍 (in china.)如：tara is the youngest of all.linda draws (the) most carefully in her class.注：1. 副詞的最高級前可省略 “the”： 如：sit (the) m

49、ost comfortably 坐得最舒適2. 最高級前有其它的限定詞時，不加“the”： my best friend2. which / who +the + 最高級, a, b or c ?e.g. which do you like (the) best, apples, pears or oranges?3. one of +the +最高級（形）+名（復）： “最之一”。e.g. jack chen is one of the most famous actors in the world.4. the + 序數(shù)詞+最高級（形）+名（單）：e.g. hainan is the se

50、cond largest island in china.5. this is the +最高級（形）+名（單）+ that 從句：e.g. this is the worst movie that i have ever seen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最糟糕的電影。6. a+最高級（形）+名（單） : 表示“非?！薄?e.g. spring is a best season.三原級、比較級、最高級的相互轉(zhuǎn)換1、原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換：比較級+thannot.as/so.as.e.g. he speaks more loudly than me. i dont speak as/so loudly a

51、s he/him. 2、比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換：the other +名（復）（在范圍之內(nèi)） the+最高級 比較級+than+any other+名（單）e.g. jim is the tallest student in our class.jim is taller than any other student in our class. jim is taller than the other students in our class. jim is taller than anyone else in our class.但：jim is taller than any studen

52、t/ the students in your class.21. thats up to you to decide. 那由你決定。 be up to sb.( to decide.) 由某人決定be up to (doing) sth. 勝任；適合如：he isnt up to watching the flowers.whatup?= what wrong?= whats the matter?怎么哪？whats more: 另外；還有whats worse: 更糟糕的是22. how do you like the neighbor hood so far?so far: 迄今為止；到

53、現(xiàn)在為止同義句：1. how is the neighborhood?2. what do you think of the neighborhood?3. how do you feel about the neighborhood?23. thanks for telling me.thanks(n):感謝如：many thanks = thank you very much. thanks for (doing) sth. = thank sb. for (doing) sth.感謝某人做某事24. no problem.1). 不客氣；（回答感謝） 2）、沒關系（回答道歉）3). 沒問

54、題（回答請求）25. how far is it from your home to the school?10 minutes by bus. 乘車十分鐘的路程。26. its always interesting to watch other people show their talents. 看其他人展示他們的才藝總是有趣的。do sth.watch/see/hear/feel/find/notice(注意) + sb.( 經(jīng)?；蛞寻l(fā)生) doing sth.( 某次或正在發(fā)生)如：i often hear her sing.(經(jīng)常)i saw her come into the cl

55、assroom. (已發(fā)生) i saw them playing basketball yesterday.( 某次或正在發(fā)生)27. 全世界： around the world = in the world = all over the world.28. all these shows have one thing in common. 所有的這些節(jié)目都有一個共同之處。common常見的；普通的如：common knowledge 常識; common people 老百姓共同的；公共的 如： common habits.have sth. in common (with sb.): （與某人）在某方面有共同之處。in common with sb./sth : 與.一樣：29. the cinema is the closest to my home. 電影院離我家最近。close(v):關閉；封閉 close the door/road.closed(adj):關閉的；不公開的(adj): 近的；接近的he is close to success.他快要成功了。親密的；密切的 my close friend我親密的朋友。(adv): 接近；靠近he sits close to the windo