翻譯講座課件

1、英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)考試輔導(dǎo)（翻譯部分,lecturer: cathy cheng,section a chinese to english,回想起小學(xué)四年級(jí)以后的日子，便有如進(jìn)入了一層一層安靜的重霧，濃密的悶霧里，甚而沒(méi)有港口傳來(lái)的船笛聲。那是幾束黃燈偶爾掙破大氣而帶來(lái)的一種朦朧，照著鬼影般一團(tuán)團(tuán)重疊的小孩，孩子們留著后頸被剃青的西瓜皮發(fā)型，一群幾近半盲的瞎子，伸著手在幽暗中摸索，摸一些并不知名的東西。我們總是在五點(diǎn)半的黑暗中強(qiáng)忍著瞌睡起床，冬日清晨的雨地上，一個(gè)一個(gè)背著大書包穿著黑色外套和裙子的身影微微的駝著背。隨身兩個(gè)便當(dāng)一只水壺放在另一個(gè)大袋子里，一把也是黑色的小傘千難萬(wàn)難地?fù)踔L(fēng)雨，那雙球鞋

2、不可能有時(shí)間給它晾干，起早便塞進(jìn)微濕的步子里走了,1. 原文體裁風(fēng)格語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)分析 選自三毛的散文“蝴蝶的顏色”。該文運(yùn)用豐富復(fù)雜的情感描述，關(guān)鍵在于原文的理解，如何把握句子間邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行組句成篇，整合拆譯。 2. 中心意思分析 全文圍繞三毛小學(xué)四年級(jí)以后學(xué)習(xí)的重荷,1. 那是幾束黃燈偶爾掙破大氣而帶來(lái)的一種朦朧，照著鬼影般一團(tuán)團(tuán)重疊的小孩，孩子們留著后頸被剃青的西瓜皮發(fā)型，一群幾近半盲的瞎子，伸著手在幽暗中摸索，摸一些并不知名的東西。 a.偶爾,幾束黃燈掙破大氣，照在孩子們身上。 b.在這種朦朧中，孩子們就像鬼影，一團(tuán)團(tuán)重疊在一起。 c.孩子們留著后頸被剃青的西瓜皮發(fā)型，幾近半盲了。 d.因

3、此，他們要伸出雙臂，在幽暗中摸著些叫不上名字的東西才能慢慢前行,a.偶爾,幾束黃燈掙破大氣，照在孩子們身上。 occasionally, several pencils/beams of yellowish (faint / dim) light filtered/ shone through the thick air, and shed on the children. b.在這種朦朧中，孩子們就像鬼影，一團(tuán)團(tuán)重疊在一起。 in such hazy and dim atmosphere, the children seem like ghost, flocking forward in l

4、arge numbers. c.孩子們留著后頸被剃青的西瓜皮發(fā)型，幾近半盲了。 those children, whose hair cut were like the watermelon peel with the back neck shaved, were almost half-blind. d.他們要伸出雙臂，在幽暗中摸著些叫不上名字的東西才能慢慢前行 。 they had to grope their ways ( stretch their arms to find their ways ahead) by touching the unnamable things along

5、,1. 那是幾束黃燈偶爾掙破大氣而帶來(lái)的一種朦朧，照著鬼影般一團(tuán)團(tuán)重疊的小孩，孩子們留著后頸被剃青的西瓜皮發(fā)型，一群幾近半盲的瞎子，伸著手在幽暗中摸索，摸一些并不知名的東西。 occasionally, the faint light of the lamps shone through the dreary haze and shed/cast on the children passing along. in such dim atmosphere, the children seem like haunting ghosts, flocking forward in large numb

6、ers. therefore, they had to grope their ways by touching the unnamable things along,我們總是在五點(diǎn)半的黑暗中強(qiáng)忍著瞌睡起床，冬日清晨的雨地上，一個(gè)一個(gè)背著大書包穿著黑色外套和裙子的身影微微的駝著背。隨身兩個(gè)便當(dāng)一只水壺放在另一個(gè)大袋子里，一把也是黑色的小傘千難萬(wàn)難地?fù)踔L(fēng)雨，那雙球鞋不可能有時(shí)間給它晾干，起早便塞進(jìn)微濕的步子里走了,2. 我們總是在五點(diǎn)半的黑暗中強(qiáng)忍著瞌睡起床。 usually, we have to overcome our sleepiness and get up at half past

7、 five before dawn. 3. 冬日清晨的雨地上，一個(gè)一個(gè)背著大書包穿著黑色外套和裙子的身影微微的駝著背。 even when it is rainy in the winter morning, there were groups of children in black coat and skirt carrying big bags with back slightly humpbacked on the street. / groups of children, in black coat and skirt, were slightly humpbacked on the

8、 street, carrying big school bags,4. 隨身兩個(gè)便當(dāng)一只水壺放在另一個(gè)大袋子里，一把也是黑色的小傘千難萬(wàn)難地?fù)踔L(fēng)雨。 with two lunchboxes and a canteen in another big bag, they also took a tiny black umbrella, trudging forward in rain,5. 那雙球鞋不可能有時(shí)間給它晾干，起早便塞進(jìn)微濕的步子里走了。 there was no time for our sneakers to get dry, for we had to wear them ea

9、rly in the morning when they were still a bit wet,section b english to chinese,actually, what occurred to einstein was something more like the beginning of a solution to the problem of gravity, since it had been evident to him from the outset that one thing missing from the special theory was gravit

10、y. what was “special” about the special theory was that it dealt with things moving in an essentially unimpeded state. but what happened when a thing in motion - light, above all - encountered an obstacle such as gravity? it was a question that would occupy his thoughts for most of the next decade a

11、nd lead to the publication in early 1917 of a paper entitled “cosmological consideration on the general theory of relativity.” the special theory of relativity of 1905 was a profound and important piece of work, of course, but as c. p. snow once observed, if einstein hadnt thought of it when he did

12、someone else would have, probably within five years; it was an idea waiting to happen. but the general theory was something else altogether. “without it,” wrote snow in 1979, “it is likely that we should still be waiting for the theory today.,1. 原文體裁風(fēng)格語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)分析 選自bill bryson所寫的一部關(guān)于現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的發(fā)展史-a short hist

13、ory of nearly everything. 主要介紹愛(ài)因斯坦相對(duì)論的提出，句子結(jié)構(gòu)較清楚，用詞難易適中。 2. 關(guān)鍵意思: key point “theory” “einstein” which are they,actually, what occurred to einstein was something more like the beginning of a solution to the problem of gravity, since it had been evident to him from the outset that one thing missing fr

14、om the special theory was gravity. 實(shí)際上，愛(ài)因斯坦腦海中想到的是著手為引力問(wèn)題尋找答案。他從一開(kāi)始就清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到，狹義相對(duì)論里缺少一樣?xùn)|西，那就是引力,2. what was “special” about the special theory was that it dealt with things moving in an essentially unimpeded state. 狹義相對(duì)論之所以“狹義”，是因?yàn)樗芯康氖窃趯?shí)質(zhì)無(wú)障礙的狀態(tài)下運(yùn)動(dòng)的東西,3. but what happened when a thing in motion - ligh

15、t, above all - encountered an obstacle such as gravity? 但是，當(dāng)一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體-尤其是光-遇到了比如引力這樣的障礙會(huì)怎么樣,4. it was a question that would occupy his thoughts for most of the next decade and lead to the publication in early 1917 of a paper entitled “cosmological consideration on the general theory of relativity.” 在此

16、后的10年里，他大部分時(shí)間都在思索這個(gè)問(wèn)題，最終于1917年初發(fā)表了題為關(guān)于廣義相對(duì)論的宇宙學(xué)思考的論文,5. the special theory of relativity of 1905 was a profound and important piece of work, of course, but as c. p. snow once observed, if einstein hadnt thought of it when he did someone else would have, probably within five years; it was an idea wai

17、ting to happen. 當(dāng)然1905年的狹義相對(duì)論是一項(xiàng)重大而又深刻的成就。但是正如斯諾指出的，要是愛(ài)因斯坦沒(méi)有想到，別人也會(huì)想到，有可能是在5年之內(nèi)，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)必將發(fā)生的想法,6. but the general theory was something else altogether. “without it,” wrote snow in 1979, “it is likely that we should still be waiting for the theory today.” 但是廣義相對(duì)論就完全是另外一回事?！皼](méi)有它，”斯諾在1079年寫到，“很可能直到今天我們會(huì)在

18、等待這個(gè)理論,a good idea suddenly struck me the truth finally dawned on her it never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind,我突然想到一個(gè)好主意。 她最終明白了真相。 我從未想過(guò)你能說(shuō)服他改變主意,difference english : impersonal (物稱) chinese: personal (人稱,translate and compare,英語(yǔ)句子多以物或抽象觀念為主語(yǔ)；漢語(yǔ)句子多以人為主語(yǔ)。這

19、是由于英語(yǔ)思維注重客觀事物對(duì)人的作用和影響，而漢語(yǔ)思維往往以“人”為中心，形成了以人為中心來(lái)思考事物的思維模式,enlightenment for e-c translation 漢譯時(shí)，要注意目的語(yǔ)的思維習(xí)慣，很多情況下要將“物稱主語(yǔ)”轉(zhuǎn)換成“人稱主語(yǔ),practice 1) excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. 我興奮得什么話都說(shuō)不出來(lái)。 2) the rich experience of the president told him at once what is wrong with the matter. 董事長(zhǎng)憑他豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)一眼就看出問(wèn)題的所在。 3) a strange peace came over her when she was alone 她獨(dú)處時(shí)感到一種特別的安寧,she is the best hater ive