自考英語(二)Unit10

1、Unit Ten,Ode to Public Transport,Unit Ten,Ode to Public Transport ode d a poem that speaks to a person or thing or celebrates a special event 頌詩；頌歌 Keatss Ode to a Nightingale 濟(jì)慈的夜鶯頌 transportation trnsp:ten 不可數(shù)名詞 = transport the transportation industry 運(yùn)輸業(yè),Text A : The Importance of Public Transpor

2、tation,A US Congressman once proclaimed that, There can be no doubt that the transportation sector is the most critical sector of our economy. 一位美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)議員曾經(jīng)說過，“毋庸置疑，交通業(yè)是我們經(jīng)濟(jì)中的支柱行業(yè)。,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,Congressman kgrsmn n. 國(guó)會(huì)議員 proclaim prklem verb to publicly and officiall

3、y tell people about sth important 宣布；宣告；聲明 The charter proclaimed that all states would have their own government. 憲章規(guī)定，各州皆允建立各自的政府。 sector sekt(r) noun a part of an area of activity, especially of a countrys economy （尤指一國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的）部門，領(lǐng)域，行業(yè) the manufacturing sector 制造業(yè),Text A : The Importance of Public Tr

4、ansportation,critical krtkl adj.= crucial extremely important because a future situation will be affected by it 極重要的；關(guān)鍵的；至關(guān)緊要的 a critical factor in the election campaign 競(jìng)選活動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵因素,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,I know exactly what he means.（承上啟下句）In this day and age, access to tran

5、sportation is considered a necessity. 我很清楚他的意思。在如今這個(gè)時(shí)代，交通出行已是生活中必不可少的部分,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,necessity nsesti 可數(shù)名詞 a thing that you must have and cannot manage without 必需的事物；必需品 Many people cannot even afford basic necessities such as food and clothing. 許多人甚至買不起食物和衣服之類的基本

6、必需品,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,Public transportation is defined as a service that is available for use by the general public. It is a cheaper and environmentally friendly alternative. 公共交通被定義為能為大眾所使用的一種服務(wù)。它是一種相對(duì)便宜并且對(duì)環(huán)境有利的出行方式。 alternative :lt:ntv noun a thing that you can choos

7、e to do or have out of two or more possibilities 可供選擇的事物 You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives. 你的工資可以按周以現(xiàn)金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可選其一,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,It is not a transportation service that you can arrange privately to suit your

8、own personal convenience (although you may, to a certain extent, such as paying for a cabin or suite on a train or ship) 公共交通不是那種根據(jù)個(gè)人需求而隨意安排的交通服務(wù)(雖然在某種程度上也可以這樣做，比如說你可以付錢包下火車或船上的一個(gè)包廂,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,It is not a transportation service that you can arrange privately to

9、suit your own personal convenience (although you may, to a certain extent, such as paying for a cabin or suite on a train or ship) 公共交通不是那種根據(jù)個(gè)人需求而隨意安排的交通服務(wù)(雖然在某種程度上也可以這樣做，比如說你可以付錢包下火車或船上的一個(gè)包廂,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,arrange rend verb to plan or organize sth in advance 安排；籌備

10、Can I arrange an appointment for Monday? 我可以安排星期一約見嗎？ privately pravtl adv. 私下地，不公開地; 私自; a privately owned company 私營(yíng)公司 cabin kbn a small room on a ship in which you live or sleep （輪船上工作或生活的）隔間 suite swi:t a set of rooms, especially in a hotel （尤指旅館的）一套房間，套房 a hotel/private/honeymoon suite 旅館 / 私人

11、/ 蜜月套房,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,since you have to consider other passengers who are riding and making similar arrangements with you. 因?yàn)槟阈枰紤]那些和你一起并和你做相似安排的其他乘客們。 ride rad usually + 副詞或介詞短語 to travel in a vehicle, especially as a passenger 搭乘；乘坐 She rode the bus to school ever

12、y day. 她每天乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。 to ride the subway/an elevator, etc. 乘地鐵、電梯等,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,I have experienced first-hand how important public transportation is. 公共交通有多重要，我親自經(jīng)歷過，所以深有體會(huì),Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,I live in Saipan, a US territory and the clo

13、sest things we have to public transportation are tourist and school buses. You have to have your own car or bike, rent a car, or pay upfront for a taxi to go from point A to point B. 我住在美國(guó)塞班，在那里只有游客公交和學(xué)生公交這種公共交通工具。你不得不擁有自己的私家車或者自行車，或者租一輛汽車，或者付費(fèi)搭乘的士從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方,Text A : The Importance of Public Transp

14、ortation,territory tertri noun a country or an area that is part of the US, Australia or Canada but is not a state or province （美國(guó)）準(zhǔn)州；（澳大利亞）地區(qū)；（加拿大）地區(qū) Guam and American Samoa are US territories. 關(guān)島和美屬薩摩亞是美國(guó)的準(zhǔn)州。 upfront pfrnt adj. paid in advance, before other payments are made 預(yù)付的；預(yù)交的 There will be

15、an upfront fee of 4%. 將收取4%的預(yù)付費(fèi),Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,Otherwise you end up basked（使沐?。﹊n sweat and sunburn traveling to work every day. When I first came here, I walked. I walked going to and from work. I walked to the store and lugged（使勁拉）my heavy groceries back to the ho

16、use. 否則你就只能每天走去工作，太陽當(dāng)空，大汗淋漓。當(dāng)我剛來這里的時(shí)候，去哪兒我都步行，我步行上下班，步行去商店，然后徒步拖著大包小包的東西回家,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,bask b:sk (in sth) to enjoy sitting or lying in the heat or light of sth, especially the sun 曬太陽；取暖 We sat basking in the warm sunshine. 我們坐著享受溫暖的陽光。 bask in sth to enjoy the g

17、ood feelings that you have when other people praise or admire you, or when they give you a lot of attention 沉浸，沐浴（在贊美、關(guān)注等中） He had always basked in his parents attention. 他一直沉浸在父母的呵護(hù)中。 sunburn snb:n 不可數(shù)名詞 the condition of having painful red skin because you have spent too much time in the sun 曬斑；曬傷,

18、Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,lug lg 動(dòng)詞 + 名詞短語, + 副詞或介詞短語(informal) to carry or drag sth heavy with a lot of effort 吃力地搬運(yùn)；用力拖；使勁拉 I had to lug my bags up to the fourth floor. 我只得費(fèi)勁地把我的幾個(gè)包拖上五樓。 grocery grsri 復(fù)數(shù) food and other goods sold by a grocer or at a supermarket 食品雜貨,Text A :

19、 The Importance of Public Transportation,I walked to church and I barely got to go to places farther than a twenty-mile radius from my house since I did not own a car then, and I considered renting a car and riding a taxi such an expense for a starting single mother like I was at that time. 我步行去教堂，由

20、于沒有小汽車，而且租輛小車或者打的對(duì)于當(dāng)時(shí)我這樣一個(gè)年輕的單身媽媽來說是筆不小的開支，所以我很少去離家超過20英里遠(yuǎn)的地方,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,barely beli adv. in a way that almost does not happen or exist 幾乎不；幾乎沒有 She barely acknowledged his presence. 她只略微向他打了個(gè)招呼。 radius redis round area that covers the distance mentioned from a

21、central point 半徑范圍；周圍 They deliver to within a 5-mile radius of the store. 他們?cè)诰嚯x商場(chǎng)5英里的范圍內(nèi)送貨上門。 expense kspens noun money spent in doing a particular job, or for a particular purpose 開支；花費(fèi)；費(fèi)用 living/household/medical/legal, etc. expenses 生活費(fèi)用；家庭開支；醫(yī)療、律師等費(fèi)用,Text A : The Importance of Public Transporta

22、tion,For me, public transportation is very important because of the following reasons: 于我而言，公共交通非常重要，主要是因?yàn)橐韵聨讉€(gè)原因： 1. It saves money. 1節(jié)約開支,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,According to research done by the American Public Transportation Association（美國(guó)公交協(xié)會(huì)）, individuals can save up to

23、 $9,515 annually by parking their cars at home and using public transportation instead. 根據(jù)美國(guó)公共交通協(xié)會(huì)的一項(xiàng)研究，如果把車停在家里而使用公共交通工具，每個(gè)人每年可以節(jié)省9515美元,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,individual ndvdul noun a person considered separately rather than as part of a group 個(gè)人 The competition is open t

24、o both teams and individuals. 團(tuán)隊(duì)和個(gè)人均可參加比賽。 annually njuli adv. once a year 一年一次地 The exhibition is held annually. 這個(gè)展覽每年舉行一次,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,In this economy, saving money has become a main concern in most households. With the rising prices of fuel and other vehicle-r

25、elated expenses, doing the public commute（通勤） to work and school certainly saves money. 在如今的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下，如何攢錢已成為大部分家庭關(guān)注的主要問題。隨著油費(fèi)的不斷上漲和其他與車輛相關(guān)的開銷日益增大，使用公共交通上下班和去學(xué)校毫無疑問能節(jié)省很多錢,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,household hashld noun all the people living together in a house 一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人 Most

26、 households now own at least one car. 大多數(shù)家庭現(xiàn)在至少有一輛汽車。 vehicle vi:kl noun a thing that is used for transporting people or goods from one place to another, such as a car or lorry/truck 交通工具；車輛 motor vehicles (= cars, buses, lorries/trucks, etc.) 機(jī)動(dòng)車輛 commute kmju:t the journey that a person makes when

27、 they commute to work 上下班路程 a two-hour commute into downtown Washington 去華盛頓中心區(qū)兩小時(shí)的上下班路程,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,2. It helps the environment. 2有利于環(huán)境 When you switch from driving your car to taking public transport, you are reducing your carbon footprint（碳足跡；碳排放量）and making a

28、 great step forward in saving the environment. 當(dāng)放棄開小車而改乘公共交通工具時(shí)，你正在減少二氧化碳的排放量并為拯救地球環(huán)境而貢獻(xiàn)自己的力量,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,switch swt verb (sth) (over) (from sth) (to sth) | (between A and B) to change or make sth change from one thing to another （使）改變，轉(zhuǎn)變，突變 Press these two keys

29、to switch between documents on screen. 按這兩個(gè)鍵就可以在屏幕上的文件之間進(jìn)行切換。 carbon k:bn 不可數(shù)名詞 (symbol C) a chemical element. 碳 carbon fibre碳纖維 footprint ftprnt noun the amount of space that sth fills, for example the amount of space that a computer takes up on a desk （某物所占的）空間量，面積,Text A : The Importance of Publi

30、c Transportation,The environmental costs of individuals using their cars every day have done massive damage to the environment and if the majority or all individuals like you and me use public transport instead, think of what good we could do for the environment. 開私家車出行對(duì)環(huán)境造成極大的破壞，如果大多數(shù)人都能像你我這樣使用公共交通

31、工具的話，那么我們的環(huán)境就會(huì)好多了,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,massive msv adj extremely large or serious 巨大的；非常嚴(yán)重的 The explosion made a massive hole in the ground. 爆炸在地面留下了一個(gè)巨大的坑。 majority mdrti 單數(shù)名詞 +單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù) 動(dòng)詞 (of sb/sth) the largest part of a group of people or things 大部分；大多數(shù) The majority was/

32、were in favour of banning smoking . 大多數(shù)人支持禁煙,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,3. It will wean（使戒除）us out of energy dependence. 3逐步減少對(duì)能源的依賴,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,wean wi:n 動(dòng)詞 + 名詞短語 sb/sth (off/from sth) （嬰兒或動(dòng)物幼崽）斷奶 wean sb off/from sth to make sb gradually

33、stop doing or using sth 使逐漸戒除惡習(xí)（或避免依賴） The doctor tried to wean her off sleeping pills. 醫(yī)生設(shè)法使她逐漸停止服用安眠藥片。 dependence dpendns (on/upon sb/sth) the state of needing the help and support of sb/sth in order to survive or be successful （生存或成功必需的）依靠，依賴，依存 the dependence of Europe on imported foods 歐洲對(duì)進(jìn)口食物

34、的依賴,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,According to a paper made by Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue and Dr. Claude Comtois, transportation accounts for（占比例；解釋）approximately 25% of world energy demand and for more than 62% of all the oil used each year. 根據(jù)JeanPaul Rodrigue和claude comtois博士所寫的一篇文

35、章，交通所耗費(fèi)的能源大概占世界能源需求的25，每年的耗油量超過62,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,approximately prksmtli adv. used to show that sth is almost, but not completely, accurate or correct 大概；大約；約莫 The journey took approximately seven hours. 旅程大約花了七個(gè)小時(shí),Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,Nin

36、ety-five percent of transportation is almost completely reliant upon petroleum products with the exception of railways using electrical power. 除了鐵路使用電力外，95的交通基本上完全依賴于石油產(chǎn)品,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,reliant rlant adj on/upon sb/sth needing sb/sth in order to survive, be successf

37、ul, etc. 依賴性的；依靠的 The hostel is heavily reliant upon charity. 這家收容所在很大程度上依賴贊助。 petroleum ptrlim 不可數(shù)名詞 mineral oil that is found under the ground or the sea and is used to produce petrol/gas, paraffin , diesel oil, etc. 石油；原油,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,exception ksepn with the e

38、xception of except; not including 除之外；不包括在內(nèi) All his novels are set in Italy with the exception of his last. 他的小說除最后一部外全是以意大利為背景。 without exception used to emphasize that the statement you are making is always true and everyone or everything is included 一律；無一例外 All students without exception must tak

39、e the English examination. 所有學(xué)生都必須參加英語考試，無一例外,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,While the use of petroleum for other economic sectors, such as industrial and electricity generation, has remained relatively stable, the growth in oil demand is mainly attributed to the growth in transpor

40、tation demand. 而其他使用石油的經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，諸如工業(yè)和電力行業(yè)都保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，石油的需求日益增加主要?dú)w因于交通需求的增長(zhǎng),Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,electricity lektrsti 不可數(shù)名詞 電；電能 a waste of electricity 浪費(fèi)電 stable stebl adj. firmly fixed; not likely to move, change or fail 穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)固的；牢固的 stable prices 穩(wěn)定的價(jià)格 attribute trbju:t sth to s

41、th to say or believe that sth is the result of a particular thing 把歸因于；認(rèn)為是由于 She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck. 她認(rèn)為她的成功來自勤勞和一點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,When we strengthen our public transportation services, we are consequently lessening this oil dema

42、nd and dependence. It will also motivate us to consider alternative energy and fuel resources. 當(dāng)我們加強(qiáng)公共交通服務(wù)時(shí)，相應(yīng)地也在減少對(duì)石油的需求和依賴，這同時(shí)也激勵(lì)我們考慮可替代的能源和燃料資源,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,consequently knskwntli adv. as a result; therefore 因此；所以 This poses a threat to agriculture and the food

43、 chain, and consequently to human health. 這會(huì)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)和食物鏈造成威脅，由此而危及人的健康。 lessen lesn verb to become or make sth become smaller, weaker, less important, etc. （使）變小，變少，減弱，減輕 to lessen the risk/impact/effect of sth 減少某事物的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) / 影響 / 效果,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,4. It provides ease and co

44、nvenience. 4為人們提供舒適感和便利 Having public transportation definitely eases some of the burdens of people who do not have cars or prefer not to own one. 使用公共交通毫無疑問會(huì)減輕那些沒有車或者不打算買車的人們的壓力,Text A : The Importance of Public Transportation,ease i:z Noun. the state of feeling relaxed or comfortable without worries, problems or pain 舒適；安逸；自在；無憂無慮 In his retirement, he lived a life of ease. 他退休后過著悠閑舒適的生活。 Verb. to become or to make sth less unpleasant, painful, severe, etc. （使）寬慰；減輕；緩解 The plan should ease traffic congestion in the town. 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃對(duì)城里的交通擁擠狀況應(yīng)該有所緩解,Text A : The Importance of Public Transporta