高考英語語法填空非謂語動詞真題詳解

1、.語法填空中對非謂語動詞的考查實例剖析例1the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. (2008年廣東)思路分析：因句中已有謂語is based，而“plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”是the proverb的同位語，是一個名詞短語而非同位語從句，因此，help應(yīng)是謂語動詞；“幫助禾苗長”是“將禾苗撥起來”的目的，作目的狀語，用動詞不定式，故填to help例2While she was getting me _34_ (set

2、tle) into a tiny but clean room(2007年廣東)思路分析：因句中已有謂語was getting，所以settle應(yīng)是非謂語動詞；又由settle sb. into/in/on(使某人舒服地處于某處)可知，me與settle是被動關(guān)系，要用過去分詞用賓補，故填settled?？键c突破一、單句填空：用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. _walking_ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (全國)2. Eugenes never willing to alter any of his

3、opinions. Its no use _arguing_(argue) with him. (上海)3. Please remain _seated_(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (遼寧)remain在這里是一個系動詞,后面要接形容詞做表語,CD明顯不對,可以排除,AB都是分詞形式,可以充當(dāng)形容詞,但是主語是人,和seat應(yīng)該是被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞而不用現(xiàn)在分詞.Please remain seated .請坐著不要動。Be seated請坐著不要動4. Can I smoke here? Sorry.

4、We dont allow _smoking_(smoke) here. (江蘇) Sb allow sb to do sth 某人允許某人做某事 Sb allow doing sth某人被允許做某事5. It is difficult to imagine his _accepting_(accept) the decision without any consideration. (陜西) imagine ones doing sth 固定搭配6. I cant stand _working_(work) with Jane in the same office. She just ref

5、uses _to stop_(stop) talking while she works. (北京) stand(sb.)doing,“忍受(某人)做什么”;refuse to do“拒絕做7. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _repairing_ (repair). (陜西) Need(需要) 的用法1. Need作為實義動詞有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化（在變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵蓡柧鋾r需借助于助動詞）（1) 當(dāng)主語是人時，后可接名詞和動詞不定式，即：need sth./ need

6、 to do sth.Eg: He needs some help. Its cold outside. You need to wear more clothes.Need后跟不定式且用于否定句中時，表示“不必”，指沒義務(wù)或沒必要做某事。Eg: You dont need to do it at once.你不必馬上做那件事情。（2) 當(dāng)主語為物時，后接名詞或v-ing.Eg: The flowers need water. 這些花需要水。 The flowers need watering.這些花需要澆水。2. need作為情態(tài)動詞（注：情態(tài)動詞不能獨立作謂語，必須和動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語，

7、即need作為情態(tài)動詞時，后面必須跟動詞原形）無人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，常用于否定句和疑問句中。Eg: You neednt go this week.這周你不必去。由need引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定回答一般用must， 否定回答一般用neednt。Eg: -Need I come? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt注：由must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定回答一般用must， 否定回答一般用neednt或 dont have toEg: - Must I go now? - Yes, you must. No, you neednt/dont have to.8. Sus

8、an wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _living_ (live) alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. (湖南)try這個詞后面可以接doing和to do,但是表達的含義不同.Doing表示試著去做,但不管是否成功,to do 表示嘗試去做,強調(diào)結(jié)果. 9. Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _not taking_(not take) his advice! (

9、安徽)10. If you think that treating a woman well means always _getting_ (get) her permission for things, think again. (湖南)Mean doing sth意味著做某事，11. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _being opened and closed_(open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. (全國)being opened and closed是正

10、在被開或關(guān)的意思 12. They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed to _not talking_ (not talk) at meals. (江蘇)be accustomed to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事（請注意：to 為介詞,并非不定式的標(biāo)志,即后面加動詞原形）13. Isnt it time you got down to _(mark) the papers? (重慶)get down to doing sth是固定搭配，“開始做某事”；to為介詞，后面接動名詞或名詞，14. Mr. Reed made up h

11、is mind to devote all he had to _setting_ (set) up some schools for poor children. (上海) 學(xué)生可能會抓住“he had to”而選擇A，因為他們對had to do something的結(jié)構(gòu)太熟悉了。其實，句中had to與set up并不構(gòu)成搭配，因為he had為定語從句修飾先行詞all, setup與devote allto構(gòu)成搭配，即devote all to setting up(to為介詞)，15. She looks forward every spring to _walking_ (walk

12、) in the flower-lined garden. (上海)16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _passing_ (pass) the exam. (福建)Have a hard time /difficulty/trouble .(in)doing sth.做某事有艱難、困難或有麻煩. 17. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _watching_ (watch) TV. (上海

13、)spend some time (in) doing sth.,中間出現(xiàn)了up to（達到）,增加了選擇的難度.18. I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _happening_ (happen) again. (全國)19. Did you have trouble in_finding_ (find) the post office? (全國)20. Sandy could do nothing but _admit_ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. (上海

14、)介詞后接動詞通常應(yīng)是動名詞.但是介詞but（except 也一樣）卻比較特殊,其后接動詞時,可以接不定式,并且這個不定式可以帶to 也可以不帶to：1當(dāng)其前的謂語含有實義動詞do（可以是各種形式）時,其后的不定式通常不帶to：She will do anything but play chess她除了下棋外什么都愿干.He did nothing all day except watch TV他一整天除了看電視什么也沒做.2當(dāng)其前的謂語沒有某種形式的實義動詞do 時,其后的不定式通常要帶to：They had no choice but to obey他們別無選擇只有服從.He wanted

15、 nothing but to stay here他除了想呆在這里外,其它什么也不想.3當(dāng)其前含有實義動詞do 但不是用作謂語時,其后的不定式帶不帶to 均可,但以不帶to 為多見：Theres nothing to do but（to）leave只好離開.There was nothing to do but（to）wait除了等沒有其它的辦法.4在cannot（help）but 后習(xí)慣上接不帶to 的不定式：I cannot（help）but admire his courage我不得不佩服他的勇氣21. I smell something _burning_ (burn) in the

16、kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全國)something應(yīng)該正在燒，而且something與burn之間是主謂關(guān)系，即是其自己燒了起來，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞22. Dont leave the water _running_ (run) while you brush your teeth. (天津)leave the water running指的是讓水一直流，表狀態(tài)。水和run之間是主動關(guān)系。23. It was so cold that they kept the fire _burning_ (burn) all night. (全國)

17、24. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _carried_ (carry) out the next year. (全國)25. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _spoken_ (speak) as much as we can. (江蘇)26. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _interest

18、ed_(interest) in his lectures. (江蘇)27. Energy drinks are not allowed _making_(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. (上海) 28. My advisor encouraged me _to take_(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京) encourage sbto do sth是固定短語,意為“鼓勵某人做某事”,不定式在句中作賓補.29. My parents h

19、ave always made me _feel_(feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. (江蘇) Make sb do make sth done make sbdone使某人被 sb be made to do sthhave sb do 讓某人干某事 have sth done have sbdone使某人被let sb do let sth done let sbdone使某人被get sb to do 使某人干某事 get sth done get sb done 使某人被leave sb to do sth 讓某人干某事

20、leave sth done ask sb to do 使某人干某事30. They knew her very well. They had seen her _grow_ (grow) up from childhood. (全國) see sb do sth 看見某人做某事 see sb doing sth看見某人正在做某事31. The mother felt herself _grow_ (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. (上海)feel 作為感官動詞,表示“

21、感覺”,后接動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時,不定時不能帶“to” ,即省略to,直接加動詞原形32. Paul doesnt have to be made _to learn_ (learn). He always works hard. (全國)33. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _filling_ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. (福建)34. John received an invitation to dinner,

22、 and with his work _finished_ (finish), he gladly accepted it. (安徽)35. With a lot of difficult problems _to settle_ (set), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (上海)這是一個with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).動詞不定式to settle做定語表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪鉀Q的難題；過去分詞settled作定語表示已經(jīng)解決的難題；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式being settled作定語表示正在被解決的難題.所提供的語境the newly-ele

23、cted president is having a hard time說明新任總統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在和將來都有難以解決的問題,所以要用to settle作定語.這句話的意思是“有很多難題要解決,新任總統(tǒng)的日子不好過.” 36. The director had her assistant _pick_(pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting. (全國)37. Did Peter fix the computer himself? He had it _fixed_(fix), because he doesnt know much about computers. (

24、安徽)38. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _improved_ (improve) in a short period. (福建)39. Helen had to shout to make herself _heard_ (hear) above the sound of the music. (廣西)40. Peter received a letter just now _saying_(say) his grandma would come to see h

25、im soon. (四川)40. Peter received a letter just now _(say) his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川)41. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _moving_ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南)42. _walking_(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth

26、 of spring. (安徽)43. _waiting_ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (福建)44. _blamed_ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建)45. He hurried to the booking office only _to be told_ (tell)

27、that all the tickets had been sold out. (陜西)only和不定式連用常構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語，表示與預(yù)料相反的結(jié)果，意思是“竟然、結(jié)果”。46. European football is played in 80 countries, _making_ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. (全國)47. You were silly not _to have locked_(lock) your car. (湖南)Its / Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. 該句用不定式的完成時態(tài)是因為

28、動作已經(jīng)完成。 48. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _to breathe_(breathe). (寧夏)be+adj+to do 是不定式的一個固定用法.比如說,這個工具很好使,你得說：the tool is easy to use.而不是：the tool is easy to be used 或者 the tool is easy using.這里的to do可以表達被動的意思,因為是工具被使用,空氣被吸入,也就是所謂的主動形式表達被動意義.49. _to complete_ (co

29、mplete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. (湖南)50. When _asked_ (ask) why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (江西)51. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _watered_(water) every day. (四川)52. When _compared_(compare) diffe

30、rent cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (浙江)53. The last one _to arrive_(arrive) pays the meal. Agree! (全國)固定用法，the last one to do sth,不光是Last，其他序數(shù)詞都用To Do比如 I am the first to come to school再比如；he is the third to finish the work54. The tr

31、ees _blown_(blow) in the storm have been moved off the road. (湖南)55. Can those _seated_ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me? (福建)56. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _formed_ (form) in your mind instead of before your eyes. (廣西)57. Its a long time

32、 since I saw my sister. (全國)Why not _visit_(visit) her this weekend?祈使句 不加to 動詞為原型 所以這句話 要么是 Why not visit her this weekend 就是Why dont you visit her this weekend 58. _ (search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. (湖南)考查非謂語動詞與并列句的區(qū)別與選擇根據(jù)and這個特

33、色詞可知這是一個很典型的并列句，所以形成并列句的兩個簡單句的謂語動詞必須是獨立的，不能用非謂語動詞，然后根據(jù)題意，前半句需要用到一個祈使句，“祈使句+and+句子（將來時）”表示“當(dāng)你，你會”，題干含義是：當(dāng)你瀏覽你們城市消防部門的網(wǎng)站時，你會學(xué)到很多關(guān)于消防的知識。59. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _finished_(finish) for the day. (重慶)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，60. _ (give) the general state of health, it may take him

34、 a while to recover from the operation. (北京)given通常被看作過去分詞，但它還可用作介詞，意為“考慮到，假定是”。如：Given his support, I think well win the election.“如果獲得他的支持，我想我們會贏得這次選舉。”Given their in experience, theyve done a good job. “考慮到?jīng)]有經(jīng)驗，他們做得還算不錯?！倍?、語篇填空 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Freud was one of the first scientists 1_（make）serious re

35、search of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities 2_（base） in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams 3_（search） for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis. He wanted to see if 4_（put）

36、patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease 5_（trouble） minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary. Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved 6_ (sit) with his patients and 7_（listen）to them talk. He had them 8_（talk）about whatever they were

37、 thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to 9_（express）. There could be no10_（hold）back because of fear or guilt. 1,to make 2, based 3, to search 4, putting 5, troubled 6, sitting 7, listening 8, talk 9, be expressed 10. holding 語法填空中對時態(tài)語態(tài)的考查實例剖析例1：This proverb is sayi

38、ng we have to let things go in their natural course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention. (2008廣東)分析：因句中Being too anxious to help an event develop是動名詞短語作主語，括號中的result應(yīng)當(dāng)為謂語動詞；主語與謂語動詞是主動關(guān)系，再說短語動詞result in本身是不能用于被動語態(tài)的，故用主動語態(tài)；根據(jù)語境，這段話是拔苗助長這個成語故事所

39、說明的道理，“我們必須讓事物沿著它們的自然進程發(fā)展。太著急幫助一件事物發(fā)展，結(jié)果往往和我們的意圖相反（欲速則不達）?！边@是客觀真理，應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填results。例2：The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ (place) under the Ministers car. (2005廣東)分析：替代the box的關(guān)系代詞which在定語從句中作主語，place應(yīng)當(dāng)為謂語動詞；因主語which (the box)與place (放置)是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；又因plac

40、e這個動作發(fā)生在was caught這個動作之前，即“過去的過去”，用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，故填had been placed?？键c突破一、單句填空：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.The house belongs to my aunt but she_ (not live) here any more. (全國I)2. This machine _ (not work). It hasnt worked for years. (浙江)3. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ (increase) their sales by 20 percent

41、. (全國)4. Population experts predict that most people _(live) in cities in the near future. (上海春)5. He _(play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津)6. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society. (寧夏)7. Teenagers _(damage) their health because t

42、hey play computer games too much. (重慶)8. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南)9. John promised his doctor he _ (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京)10. By this time tomorrow, I_ (lie) on the beach11. So

43、far this year we _ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建)12. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ (stay) in many worse hotels. (北京)13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ (know) each other for years. (遼寧)14. Im sure Andrew will win the fi

44、rst prize in the final. I think so. He _ (prepare) for it for months. (江蘇)15. The telephone _ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川)16. Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _(invite). (陜西)17. Whats that noise? Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new mach

45、ine _ (test). (浙江)18. I like these English songs and they _ (teach) many times on the radio. (安徽)19. No decision _ (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. (北京)20. Do you have any problems if you _(offer) this job? Well, Im thinking about the salary. (湖南)二、

46、語篇填空 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為3140的相應(yīng)位置上。(以動詞時態(tài)為主)(1) Itwas getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I 1_(wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket 2_(take) out my key 3_ I couldnt find it. I suddenly remembered that Ihad lef

47、t 4_ on my desk in the office. It really didnt make 5_ difference. I knew my wife was at home and the children must have come back from school 6_ now, so I knockedat the door. There was no answer, so I knocked again. I 7_(continue) knocking at the door for some time. I was getting angry. Then I reme

48、mbered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife 8 _ (phone)saying that she 9_(go) shopping in the afternoon with the children. There was only one thing for meto do: I had to clime in 10_ a window.(2) When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once watched his mother 1_

49、(turn) the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand. “Wouldnt it work 2_(quick) if a machine turned the wheel for you?” he asked. “I suppose it would,” said his mother, without 3_(pay) him any attention. Christopher 4_(know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted 5_ (help) her. Up in his bedro

50、om there was a toy steam-engine which his father had bought 6 _ as a gift. “I 7_(make) better use of it,” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother 8_(not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. When the job 9_(finish), he was quite pleased,10_(think) his mother

51、 11_(like) it.“Very clever,” his mother said, when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on 12 _ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I 13 _(work) like this for too many years,” she explained.This taught Christopher Cockerell the lesson that anyone who tries 14_ (improve) anything 15_(have) to learn: Many pe

52、ople dont like new ideas.語法填空中對連詞的考查例1One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. （2008年廣東）思路分析：因he came和he would pluck是兩個主謂關(guān)系，即兩個句子，他們之間沒有句號或分號，空格處必定是填連詞；又因為“他想把禾苗拔幾寸”就是“主意(idea)”的具體內(nèi)容，可見后句是同位語從句；由于該從句不缺任何句子成分，并且意義已非常完整了，故填that。例2He wa

53、s very tired after doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. (2008廣東)思路分析：因和he was和he felt是兩個主謂關(guān)系，即兩個句子，他們之間是逗號，而不是句號或分號，空格處必定是填連詞；又因“很累”與“高興”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填并例連詞but。例3I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _32_ should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house. (2007廣東)思路分析：因to是介詞，介詞后一定是接賓語；又因should have可知是一個從句來作to的賓語，即賓語從句；由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處一定是填作主語的連接代詞，能“有幸接待我”的應(yīng)是人，故填who。例4the head of the village was t