2021年考研前30天成功試卷(英語(yǔ))試卷3

1、考研前30天成功試卷(英語(yǔ))試卷3 SectionUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and _rk A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points) Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choi _ of an 1 should be _de even

2、 before the choi _ of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2, most people _ke several job choi _s during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 4 position. The one perfect job does not exist. Young people should 5 enter into a broad flexible trainin

3、g program that will 6 them for a field of work rather than for a single 7. Unfortunately _ny young people have to _ke career plans 8 benefit of help from a petent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 9 about the oupational world, or themselves for that _tter, they choose their lifework on a

4、 hit-or-miss 10. Some drift from job to job. Others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One mon mistake is choosing an oupation for 12 real or i _gined prestige. Too _ny high-school studentsor their parents for themchoose the professional field, 13 both the relati

5、vely s _ll proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14. The i _gined or real prestige of a profession or awhite-collarjob is 15 good reason for choosing it as lifes work. 16, these oupations are not always well paid. Sin _ a large proportion of jobs ar

6、e in mechanical and _nual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields. Before _ an oupational choi _, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 19 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others in _ectual satisfaction.

7、 Some want security, others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each oupational choi _ has its de _nds as well as its rewards. 1. A. identification B. entertai _ent C. aommodation D. oupation 2. A. however B. therefore C. though D. thereby 3. A. entirely B. _inly C. partly D. his 4. A. its B.

8、 his C. our D. their 5. A. sin _ B. therefore C. furthermore D. forever 6. A. _ke B. fit C. take D. leave 7. A. job B. way C. means D. pany 8. A. to B. for C. without D. with 9. A. little B. few C. much D. a lot 10. A. chan _ B. basis C. purpose D. opportunity 11. A. apply B. appeal C. stick D. turn

9、 12. A. our B. its C. your D. their 13. A. con _rning B. following C. considering D. disregarding 14. A. preferen _ B. requirements C. tendencies D. ambitions 15. A. a B. any C. no D. the 16. A. Therefore B. However C. Nevertheless D. Moreover 17. A. _jority B. _ss C. minority D. multitude 18. A. pr

10、oposal B. suggestion C. consideration D. appraisal 19. A. towards B. against C. out of D. without 20. A. turns B. parts C. choi _s D. risks SectionReading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers

11、on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 1 For all his vaunted talents, Federal Reserve Chair _n Alan Greenspan has never had much of a reputation as an economic forecaster. In fact, he shies away from _ the precise-to-the-deci _l-point predictions that _ny other economists thrive on. Instead, he owes his

12、 suess as a moary policy _ker to his ability to sniff out threats to the economy and _nipulate interest rates to dampen the dangers he per _ives. Now, those instincts are being put to the test. Many Fed watchersand some policy _kers inside the _ntral bank itselfare beginning to wonder whether Greens

13、pan has lost his touch. Despite rising risks to the economy from a swooning stock _rket and soaring oil pri _s that could hamper growth, the Greenspan-led Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) opted to leave interest rates unchanged on Sept.24. But in a rare dissent, two of the Feds 12 policy _kers b

14、roke ranks and voted for a cut in ratesDallas Fed President Robert D. McTeer Jr. and _ntral bank Governor Edward M.Gramlich. The move by McTeer, the Feds self-styledLonesome Dove, was no surprise. But Gramlichs was. This was the first time that the moary moderate had voted against the chair _n sin _

15、 joining the Feds board in 1997. And it was the first public dissent by a governor sin _ 1995. Despite the split vote, its too soon to count the _estro of moary policy out. Greenspan had good reasons for not cutting interest rates now. And by acknowledging in the statement issued after the meeting t

16、hat the economy does indeed fa _ risks, Greenspan left the door wide open to a rate reduction in the future. Indeed, former Fed Governor Lyle Gramley thinks chan _s are good that the _ntral bank might even cut rates before its next scheduled meeting on Nov.6, the day after congressional elections. S

17、o why didnt the traditionally risk-averse Greenspan cut rates now as insuran _ against the dangers dogging growth? For one thing, he still thinks the economy is in recovery mode. Consumer de _nd re _ins buoyant and has even been turbocharged re _ntly by a new wave of mortgage refinancing. Economists

18、 reckon that homeowners will extract some $100 billion in cash from their houses in the second half of this year. And despite all the corporate gloom, business spending has shown signs of picking up, though not anywhere near as strongly as the Fed would like. Does that mean that further rate cuts ar

19、e off the table? Hardly. Watch for Greenspan to try to time any rate reductions to when theyll have the most psychological pop on business and investor confiden _. Thats surely no easy feat, but its one that Greenspan has shown himself capable of more than on _ in the past. Dont be surprised if he s

20、urprises everyone again. 21. Alan Greenspan owes his reputation much to . A. his suessful predictions of economy B. his timely handling of interest rates C. his unusual economic policies D. his unique sense of dangers 22. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. instincts most often misguide th

21、e moary policies B. Greenspan has lost his control of the _ntral bank C. consensus is often the case among Feds policy _kers D. Greenspan wouldnt tolerate such a dissent 23. Gramleys re _rks are mentioned to indicate that . A. Greenspan didnt rule out the possibility of a future rate reduction B. Gr

22、eenspans moary policy _y turn out to be a failure C. Greenspans refusal to cut rates now was justified D. Greenspan will definitely cut the rates before Nov.6 24. From the fifth paragraph, we can learn that . A. economy is now well on its way to recovery B. economists are un _rtain about consumer de

23、 _nd C. corporate perfor _n _ is generally not encouraging D. businesses have been investing the way the Fed hoped 25. The author seems to regard Greenspans _nipulation of interest rates with . A. disapproval B. doubt C. approval D. admiration Text 2 The U.S. _y so far have enjoyed good luck in esca

24、ping a direct SARS hit, but officials arent leaving anything to chan _. The best hope for averting a SARS epidemic at home will be to keep SARS out at the nations borders. Federal immigration laws authorize immigration authorities to exclude non-citizens who are determined to have amunicable disease

25、 of public health significan _. Immigration law also authorizes the President by procla _tion to suspend the entry of any group of aliens whose entry he deems to be detrimental to the interests of the United States. This little-used power could be deployed to exclude all aliens from affected areas,

26、a policy Taiwan has re _ntly implemented. Under the Public Health Servi _ Act, any individual (citizens included) _y be quarantined at an international port of entry if they are reasonably believed to be carrying a designated municable disease. As of an April 4 Executive Order by President Bush, SAR

27、S is now a designated disease. Thus, in tandem with airline screening, federal health authorities are carefully monitoring travelers from affected areas in Asia for SARS symptoms. With an esti _ted 25,000 individuals entering the country legally from Asia on a daily basis, that is a tall order. A si

28、ngle SARS- infected person getting through the could bring down the border strategy. The U.S. gover _ent might also front-end the border strategy through restrictions on travel by American citizens to affected areas. In a series of Cold War era decisions, the Supreme Court upheld international trave

29、l restrictions for national security reasons, and one can i _gine the same rationale applying to a public health emergency. How practical it would be to prohibitand poli _a travel ban to countries such as China is another question. The initial SARS defense, then, hinges on effective border control.

30、But U.S. borders are far from under control. There are an esti _ted 89 million undocumented aliens now in the United States, a figure growing by as _ny as 500,000 per year. Asia is the largest contributor to undocumented immigration outside the western hemisphere, funneling illegal aliens into the U

31、nited States through elaborate _uggling works. SARS could just as easily _ke serious inroads into the U.S. through this backdoor rather than the front. 26. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that . A. American officials dont see any chan _ of escaping an immediate SARS hit B. non-citizens wit

32、h a disease will be quarantined at the international airport C. foreigners with a municable disease _y legally be denied entry into the U.S. D. immigration offi _rs are empowered to keep aliens out of the U.S. 27. Which of the following statements is true aording to the text? A. The President rarely

33、 declares a rejection of non-citizens from infected areas. B. The U.S. is the only lucky country to have kept safe from a SARS attack. C. The interests of the U.S. are given more legal protection than public health. D. The Public Health Servi _ Act has been brought into effect sin _ April 4. 28. The

34、 phrasea tall ordermost probably means . A. an ambitious plan B. a difficult task C. a careful arrangement D. an illegal decision 29. The author would probably agree that . A. a SARS hit could be escaped by means of strict monitoring of international travel B. undocumented immigrants poses a serious

35、 threat to national security of U.S. C. illegal aliens e into the U.S. with the help of plicated _uggling works D. American border strategy _y fail to attain its goal of avoiding a SARS epidemic 30. The passage is pri _rily con _rned with . A. the threat of SARS to the national security of U.S. B. t

36、he U.S. border strategy against SARS C. the problems in U.S. national security D. the crisis of a public health emergency Text 3 As the American West enters its fifth year of droughtthe longest stretch in 108 yearsthe regions cities are instituting sweeping water-usage restrictions and conservation

37、programs. In Aurora, Colo., where the reservoir system is at just 26% capacity and is expected to reach only half of nor _l levels by summer, planting new trees and shrubs is prohibited, and privately owned pools _y not be filled. In the thirsty, growing cities of Southern California, however, _ con

38、servation simply wont do the trick. This region imports more than 80% of its water from neighboring states. And even though it jealously guards those arrangements, they wont be enough to pensate for the rapid growth that lies just ahead: San Diego Countys population alone is projected to rise about

39、29% by 2020, from 2.84 million to 3.67 million. Drastic times call for drastic measures, so state water agencies are turning to desalination, a technology that _kes o _an and brackish water drinkable by stripping it of salt and other minerals. California has plans in various stages to build 13 desal

40、ination plants along its coastline. The projects will cost billions, but planners say theyll provide a far more reliable supply for California residents than waiting for Mother Nature to adjust her weather patterns. Sin _ just 3% of water on earth is fresh, this is a step that would have to be taken

41、 anyway as the global population grows.Desalination will create a drought-proof supply of water,says Bob Ya _da, the San Diego Water Authoritys seawater-desalination program _nager. He adds that 20 years from now, 10% to 20% of the states water could e from the o _an. The American Water Works Assn.,

42、 a Denver-based nonprofit dedicated to improving drinking-water quality and supply, predicts that the _rket for desalination plants and equipment, now just $2 billion, will grow to more than $70 billion over the next two decades. Enviro _entalists embra _ desalination. Stu _s show that pumping the c

43、ooling water and con _ntrate back into the o _an raises its salinity by less than 1%, which is equivalent to the natural rise and fall. Barry Nelson, a senior policy _yst with the Natural Resour _s Defense Council, says he became a proponent of desalination when a June, 1999, California report demon

44、strated that it was cheaper than building new dams, which often have a huge enviro _ental impact. Nelson still worries about energy consumption and coastal disruption. But he adds thatdesalination is no longer on the lunatic fringe. It has entered the _instream. That means we look at desalt projects

45、 on a case-by-case basis, as we would any other legiti _te water policy. As the technology continues to improve, experts say itll fast bee a solution not only for municipalities but for hotels and resorts, corporations, and, someday, homeowners. Privately held water-treatment outfit Matrix Water, ba

46、sed in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., is installing a desalination plant that will pro _ss 800,000 gallons of water per day for the new Emerald Bay Four Seasons Resort in the Baha _s. And the new U.S. Homeland Security Dept. is investigating ways of using reverse o _osis to protect the nations water supply

47、from bioterrori _. 31. Water conservation programs alone wont solve the problem in Southern California because . A. it is confronting an unpre _dented drought in 108 years B. private citizens are consuming a lot more water than before C. it imports a large proportion of its water from other states D

48、. population in the cities of this area is always growing fast 32. The third paragraph is written to . A. discuss the cause of the decline of water supply B. introdu _ a solution to the issue of water shortage C. explain the way in which desalination develops D. exemplify the different ways to solve

49、 the problem 33. Barry Nelson became a supporter of desalination owing to its . A. universal support among enviro _entalists B. contribution to natural resour _s C. low cost and little da _ge to enviro _ent D. advantage to natural defense 34. Nelsons attitude towards desalination programs can best b

50、e described as one of . A. qualified approval B. unreserved support C. slight indifferen _ D. absolute pessimi _ 35. The expressionreverse o _osismost probably refers to . A. costal disruption B. technology C. anti-terrori _ policies D. desalination Text 4 We can learn a good deal about the nature o

51、f business by paring it with poker. While both have a large element of chan _, in the long run the winner is the _n who plays with steady skill. In both games ulti _te victory requires inti _te knowledge of the rules, insight into the psychology of the other players, self-confiden _, a considerable

52、amount of self-discipline, and the ability to respond swiftly and effectively to opportunities provided by chan _. No one expects poker to be played on the ethical principles preached in churches. Poker has its special ethics, and here I am not referring to rules against cheating. The _n who keeps a

53、n a _ up his sleeve or who _rks the cards is more than uhical; he is a crook, and can be punished as suchkicked out of the game or, in the Old West, shot. In contrast to the cheat, the uhical poker player is one who, while abiding by the letter of the rules, finds ways to put the other players at an

54、 unfair disadvantage. Perhaps he bothers them with loud talk. Or he tries to get them drunk. Ethical poker players frown on such tactics. Pokers own brand of ethics is different from the ethical ideals of civilized hu _n relationships. The game calls for distrust of the other fellow. It ignores the

55、claim of friendship. Cunning de _ption and con _alment of ones strength and intentions, not kindness and openheartedness, are vital in poker. No one thinks any the worse of poker on that aount. And no one should think any the worse of the game of business because its standards of right and wrong dif

56、fer from the prevailing traditions of morality in our society. That most busines _en are not indifferent to ethics in their private lives, everyone will agree. My point is that in their offi _ lives they _ase to be private citizens; they bee game players who must be guided by a somewhat different set of ethical standards. The point was for _fully _de to me by a Midwestern executive who has given a good deal of