2019中考英語二輪復習 專題復習精選 五選五+閱讀表達

1、2019中考英語專題復習精選：五選五+閱讀表達專題 任務型閱讀 東城一模五選五教學目標1. 掌握本篇五選五中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長難句。2. 掌握五選五的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇五選五中運用到的解題技巧。3. 通過五選五高頻詞、長難句等語料的積累, 及五選五解題技巧的練習, 靈活應對各種五選五習題。名師點撥知識篇“巧婦難為無米之炊”, 在英語學習的過程中, 語料的積累至關重要。對于五選五高頻詞和長難句的梳理, 能夠為我們今后的學習和提升打下良好的基礎。親愛的同學, 老師已經為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長難句, 快來看看你掌握了嗎？高頻詞（課前檢測學生的詞匯量儲備, 以教師提問的形式進行。能

2、夠準確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會翻譯的為差。）單詞/短語詞性詞義拓展掌握情況優(yōu)良差as well也，還有insteadadv.反而，代替sillyadj.愚蠢的lose weight減肥keep fit保持健康popularadj.流行的hopefullyadv.有希望地adj. hopefultake place發(fā)生，舉行suddenlyadv. 意外地，忽然地trainern. 運動鞋長難句（課前檢測學生的句型儲備, 以教師提問的形式進行。能夠準確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會翻譯的為差。）1. In some schools when it rains and its too

3、 wet to play football or hockey, children have to do cross country running instead.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：在一些學校，當下雨時會太濕以至于不能踢足球或玩曲棍球，孩子們不得不用越野跑來代替。本句涉及高頻句型：“tooto”，意為“太而不能”。2. The race covers a fantastic route(線路) in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：這個比賽覆

4、蓋了一條極好的路線，在這條路線上賽跑者經過許多著名的地方，像倫敦眼和大本鐘。本句中包含著一個由which引導的定語從句。方法篇“方法得當, 事半功倍。”只有語料的積累, 沒有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對于五選五解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解五選五的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語料積累的基礎上, 能夠幫助我們爭取高分。親愛的同學, 老師已經為你精心整理了五選五的解題技巧, 快來看看你掌握了多少？一、五選五解題步驟第一步讀選項，畫關鍵詞，暗排序通讀選項，了解每個選項的意思，做到心中有數(shù)，至少能知道可供選擇的意思范圍，以便在短時間內找出正確答案。第二步讀文章，抓過渡詞，找邏輯通讀文章，關注段中各句子

5、之間的邏輯關系，抓住表示并列、轉折、因果關系及其他關系的過渡詞，為下一步解題做準備。第三步先易后難來解題先填較容易的空，例如文章的段首句、段尾句或與選項有明顯邏輯關系的句子；再填較難的空，這時選擇范圍會變小，可以反復對比分析，進行選擇。第四步回讀文章定答案全部題目做完后，把所選擇的選項代入原文，檢查文章前后是否連貫，所選選項是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合，再次確定答案。二、五選五解題技巧在五選五題型中，設空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。正確選項與空格前后句子關系緊密，主要依賴句子之間的邏輯關系進行選擇。接下來將從并列邏輯、轉折邏輯、指代邏輯、因果邏輯和總分邏輯五方面進行說明。題型題型一：并列邏

6、輯解題技巧如果空格所在段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，通常選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進關系的關聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結構，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。典題精析例題：Make good word choices. When were not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and dont take the time to decide if theyre proper. 2 .解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯。空

7、格出現(xiàn)在第二段的段末，是用來對第二段的黑體小標題進行解釋的，瀏覽選項可知E選項中的關鍵詞good word choices與小標題一致，故選E，意為“好的詞匯選擇對好的作品是重要的”。答案：E “Good word choices are necessary for good writing.”題型題型二：轉折邏輯解題技巧1. 空格前后意思相反或矛盾，找含轉折含義的選項；2. 選項含轉折邏輯，另一種常見的考查方式是空格后對該選項進行詳細闡述、說明和例證。典題精析例題： 5 . But with a few simple steps, we can improve our writing ski

8、lls and learn how to write better articles.解析：本題考察的是轉折邏輯。根據(jù)空格后轉折連詞but可以判定空格前后意思相反，空格后句意為“但是有了簡單的幾步，我們能夠提高我們的寫作技巧?！保钥崭裉帒c其意思相反，故選D，意為“成為一個更好的作家不容易”。答案：D “It is not easy to become a better writer.”題型題型三：指代邏輯解題技巧1. 如果選項中含有代詞，則判斷哪個空格前的句中所含有的名詞代入后使上下文連貫；2. 如果空格后句中有代詞，則判斷哪個選項所含名詞代入后上下文連貫。典題精析例題：Every ye

9、ar in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place. The race covers a fantastic route(線路) in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben._3_.解析：本題考察的是指代邏輯。根據(jù)空格所在段第一句Every year in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place.“倫敦馬拉松在每年四月舉行”，可知本段講述的重點為倫敦馬拉松，瀏覽選項可知B項People c

10、ome from all over the world to run in it.中的it代替的是London marathon，故可推斷出正確答案。答案： B “People come from all over the world to run in it.”題型題型四：因果邏輯解題技巧如果選項含有因果邏輯詞，則判斷哪個空格前后句與之符合因果邏輯關系；典題精析例題：Mr. Longman and Mr. Martin were both badly ill 1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afte

11、rnoon.解析：本題考察的是因果邏輯。根據(jù)空格前句子可知“Mr. Longman和Mr. Martin都病的很嚴重”，這是事件的原因，那么空格處應該填的是事件的結果，瀏覽選項可知應填C，意為“他們住在相同的病房里”，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：C “They were in the same hospital room”.題型題型五：總分邏輯解題技巧1. 如果選項的表達類似于“There are mainly three types of ”則該選項一般位于文章較前面的位置，用于引出后文對這幾種類型的詳細闡述；2. 如果空格位于某段段首，則一般是本段的主旨句；如果空格位于某段段尾，通常是結論、

12、概括性語句。典題精析例題：Many of us dont spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life. 1 . 解析：本題考察的是總分邏輯。瀏覽全文可以發(fā)現(xiàn)本文是一篇“總-分”類型的文章，主要介紹的是一些關于寫作的小竅門，而第二段起的一些黑體字則是tips的具體內容，所以第一段

13、空格處應填的是一句總述句，故選B，意為“下面的小竅門可能會有幫助”。答案：B “The following tips can be helpful.”語篇精講瀏覽選項（抓住選項中的關鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章）題號選項AIts not because marathons have got easierBPeople come from all over the world to run in itCSadly, running is often quite unpopular at schoolDNow, lots of people go out running in their spar

14、e timeEPeople find it so exciting that they want to try it themselves通讀文章話題體裁字數(shù)建議用時實際用時正確率星級社會現(xiàn)象類記敘文2255-7分鐘_/5Running is free, its easy and now its becoming cool as well. Many people do not have enough time to play a team sport, so instead they have started going running. In the past, running in th

15、e street was seen as a bit silly. But things are changing._1_.Some people go to lose weight while others go simply to keep fit. Even at 6 oclock in the morning you sometimes see runners in the streets. Scientists say that running is a very good way to keep fit._2_.In some schools when it rains and i

16、ts too wet to play football or hockey, children have to do cross country running instead. Now as running has become more popular, hopefully more young people will take it up.Every year in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place. The race covers a fantastic route(線路) in which runners pass lots of

17、the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben._3_.Interestingly, marathon running used to be seen as a hard sport, but now even people who are very unfit take part in marathons every year!_4_; its because people have become more interested in running. After the marathon every year the streets su

18、ddenly become full of runners._5_.All you need is a pair of trainers and will power, so what are you waiting for?A. Its not because marathons have got easierB. People come from all over the world to run in itC. Sadly, running is often quite unpopular at schoolD. Now, lots of people go out running in

19、 their spare timeE. People find it so exciting that they want to try it themselves逐題分析語篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類的記敘文，主要描述了跑步這項運動的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，由被很少人接受到受到大家的喜愛。1. 解析：本題考察的是轉折邏輯?？崭袂坝幸痪湓払ut things are changing.意為“但是事情正在改變”，所以空格前后的句意應該相反。空格前In the past, running in the street was seen as a bit silly.意為“在過去，在街上跑步有點愚蠢?！保钥?/p>

20、格后句意應該與它相反，瀏覽選項可知選D，意為“現(xiàn)在，很多人在他們的空閑時間出去跑步”。答案：D2. 解析：本題考察的是總分邏輯?？崭裎挥诘诙味问?，是第二段的主旨句，瀏覽第二段，根據(jù)段意及段中關鍵詞In some schools可知這一段講述的是跑步在學校的情況，瀏覽選項可知選C，意為“令人遺憾地，跑步在學校經常是很不受歡迎的”。答案：C3. 解析：本題考察的是指代邏輯。根據(jù)空格所在段第一句Every year in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place.“倫敦馬拉松在每年四月舉行”，可知本段講述的重點為倫敦馬拉松，瀏覽選項可知B項People

21、come from all over the world to run in it.中的it代替的是London marathon，故可推斷出正確答案。答案：B4. 解析：本題考察的是轉折邏輯。根據(jù)空格后句子its because people have become more interested in running.“因為人們對跑步變得更感興趣了”和選項做對比可知選A，意為“不是因為馬拉松變得更簡單了”。答案：A5. 解析：本題考察的是指代邏輯。根據(jù)空格前句子After the marathon every year the streets suddenly become full of

22、 runners“每年馬拉松后街上都充滿了跑步者”，可知本段的主題是馬拉松，故應選E，意為“人們發(fā)現(xiàn)馬拉松如此的令人興奮以至于他們想親自嘗試”，這里it指代的是marathon。答案：E精講筆記（學生在教師的指導下, 回顧本講中積累的五選五的知識和方法）語篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個）單詞詞性及詞義單詞的運用（鼓勵學生用所學詞匯造句）語篇中的學到的方法（至少掌握2種）并列邏輯轉折邏輯1、4指代邏輯3、5因果邏輯總分邏輯2能力提升基礎過關一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯單詞/短語詞性詞義as wellinsteadadv.adj.愚蠢的lose weightkeep fitadj.流行的adv.有希望地

23、take placesuddenlyadv. n. 運動鞋二、句子英漢互譯1. 這個箱子太重，這男孩提不起。_.2. 他們找尋的文件已經找到了。_.3. In some schools when it rains and its too wet to play football or hockey, children have to do cross country running instead._.4. The race covers a fantastic route(線路) in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the

24、 London Eye and Big Ben._.5. The print is too small for me to read without glasses. _.閱讀練習話題體裁字數(shù)建議用時實際用時正確率星級健康保健類記敘文1785-7分鐘_/5Doctors in Germany have warned people that headbanging could be bad for your health. 1 . Dancers shake their heads from back to front, and from side to side, very quickly.

25、Doctors say this could injure（傷害）the brain. 2 . The man had no history of head injuries but had been headbanging for many years. He began to have bad headaches after going to a heavy metal concert. 3 . They gave him a brain scan（掃描）and found bleeding in his brain. He needed an operation to repair it

26、. Doctors made a hole in his brain to take out some blood. 4 .Doctors say the risk of injury to the brain from headbanging is low and heavy metal fans do not need to stop doing the dance completely. The head doctor Ariyan Pirayesh said: “We are not against headbanging. Rock n roll will never die. 5

27、. We just think if our patient had gone to a classical（古典的）concert, this would not have happened.” A. Heavy metal fans should rock onB. Two months later, his headaches disappearedC. Doctors thought that might lead to his headaches D. They recently treated a 50-year-old heavy metal fanE. Headbanging

28、is a dance that fans of heavy metal music like參考答案基礎過關一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯單詞/短語詞性詞義as well也，還有insteadadv.反而，代替sillyadj.愚蠢的lose weight減肥keep fit保持健康popularadj.流行的hopefullyadv.有希望地take place發(fā)生，舉行suddenlyadv. 意外地，忽然地trainern. 運動鞋二、句子英漢互譯。1. The box is too heavy for the boy to carry. 2. The documents for which t

29、hey were searching have been recovered. 3. 在一些學校，當下雨時會太濕以至于不能踢足球或玩曲棍球，孩子們不得不用越野跑來代替。4. 這個比賽覆蓋了一條極好的路線，在這條路線上賽跑者經過許多著名的地方，像倫敦眼和大本鐘。5. 印刷字體太小，我不戴眼鏡就看不清。閱讀練習1. E 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A第2講（下）東城一模閱讀表達教學目標1. 掌握本篇閱讀表達中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長難句。2. 掌握閱讀表達的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇閱讀表達中運用到的解題技巧。3. 通過閱讀表達高頻詞、長難句等語料的積累, 及閱讀表達解題技巧的練習, 靈活應對各種

30、閱讀表達習題。名師點撥知識篇“巧婦難為無米之炊”, 在英語學習的過程中, 語料的積累至關重要。對于閱讀表達高頻詞和長難句的梳理, 能夠為我們今后的學習和提升打下良好的基礎。親愛的同學, 老師已經為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長難句, 快來看看你掌握了嗎？高頻詞（課前檢測學生的詞匯量儲備, 以教師提問的形式進行。能夠準確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會翻譯的為差。）單詞/短語詞性詞義拓展掌握情況優(yōu)良差minimalistn.極簡抽象派藝術家minimalism n. 極簡派藝術messyadj.凌亂的，散亂的encouragedadj.被激勵的，受到鼓舞的v. encourage 鼓勵c

31、ollectv.收集charityn.慈善actuallyadv.實際上，事實上organizedadj.有組織的v. organize 組織advertisementn.廣告v. advertise 為做廣告mindfuladj.留心的continuev.繼續(xù)，延續(xù)長難句（課前檢測學生的句型儲備, 以教師提問的形式進行。能夠準確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會翻譯的為差。）1. I started clearing out a lot of the things which I didnt use.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：我開始清理許多我不用的東西。本句中包含了一個由which引導的定語從

32、句。2. Although I know that I would never need these things again, I still found it very difficult to get rid of them.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：雖然我知道我不會再需要這些東西，但我仍然發(fā)現(xiàn)很難擺脫他們。本句中包含了一個由although引導的讓步狀語從句。方法篇“方法得當, 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z料的積累, 沒有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對于閱讀表達解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀表達的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語料積累的基礎上, 能夠幫助我們爭取高分。親愛的同學, 老師已經為你精心

33、整理了閱讀表達的解題技巧, 快來看看你掌握了多少？一、閱讀表達解題步驟第一步認真審題，讀懂題意做題時我們應先閱讀所給的任務，明確任務是什么，再帶著任務去閱讀材料，這樣就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對性的去讀，并能提高閱讀效率。第二步快速瀏覽，掌握大意明確任務后，應迅速閱讀全文來了解文章主要內容，以及文章的感情基調，作者的意圖、態(tài)度傾向。第三步細讀題目，完成任務泛讀全文之后，就可以采用“跳讀”的方式來尋找細節(jié)在原文中的對應，“跳讀”的目的就是為細節(jié)尋找答案。第四步復讀文章，核實任務完成所有任務后，還應結合題目再把全文通讀一遍，認真核實答案，要注意句子的人稱、單復數(shù)、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂一致等。二、閱讀

34、表達解題技巧在閱讀表達題型中，要求學生在閱讀理解的基礎上，去完成一項任務或解決一個問題，主要考察學生捕捉信息的能力，綜合概括信息的能力和組織信息的能力。接下來將從細節(jié)題，是非題，主旨題和活用題四種題型的解題技巧進行講解。題型題型一：細節(jié)題解題技巧細節(jié)題一般對人，事，地點，時間，原因及方式等進行提問，首先要審清題目要求，然后找出題目在文中出現(xiàn)的對應段落，直接作答或用自己的話進行轉述。 設題方式1. What is the writers question in Letter A?2. Where were the researchers from? 3. Who can help shy peo

35、ple?4. Why did Burton decide to have the slides painted? 5. When was Burton Holmes born? 6. How are parents jobs different from childrens jobs according to Letter A. 典題精析On November 30, 1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the

36、sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.問題：How long did the weighted glass bottle move in the sea?解析：本題為細節(jié)題。題干意為“這個玻璃瓶在海里移動了多長時間？”，根據(jù)關鍵詞“the weighted glass bottle move in the sea”可將答案鎖定在第一段第二句中“The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for

37、108 years and 138 days.”，故填“For 108 years and 138 days”。答案：For 108 years and 138 days. 題型題型二：是非題解題技巧提問形式為一般疑問句，首先鎖定范圍，在范圍內劃出依據(jù)，然后使用Yes / No作答。設題方式1. Do parents have homework according to letter B?2. Is being shy always a big problem according to the passage?3. Could Francis and Craig read the “map”

38、of DNA in 2000?4. Will the step-by-step guide show you how to start a club?典題精析Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015. Winkler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She picked up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didnt bre

39、ak it open. She could tell that the bottle was old. So she didnt want to damage it. 問題：Did Marianne Winkler find the bottle in 2015?解析：本題為是非題。題干意為“Marianne Winkler是在2015年發(fā)現(xiàn)這個瓶子的嗎？”，根據(jù)第二段第一句Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015.可以判定答案是肯定的，故填“Yes”。答案：Yes.題型題型三：主旨題解題技巧抓住文章結構，

40、先總后分，先分后總還是總分總，確定總寫在篇首還是篇尾，然后作答。如果不符合上述幾種情況，則綜合全文或段落，用自己的話進行概括。中考閱讀表達中的主旨大意題一般由兩點或三點構成，常用的句型有：1. 介紹某個物體，新興事物或抽象概念時：Whatis.2. 介紹某個人物時：Whois.3. 介紹做某事的方法時：How to do / How 4. 介紹某事物的優(yōu)/缺點時：The benefits / advantages / disadvantages of 例1. What is the passage mainly about?解答：What shyness is and how to deal

41、with it. 例2. What is the main idea of the passage?解答：How to run a studio system? 例3. What is the passage mainly about?解答：Who Andrew Matthews is and his book.設題方式1. What is the passage mainly about?2. What does the writer mainly tell us in passage?3. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?4. What do yo

42、u learn from this story?5. What is the purpose of this passage?典題精析Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally. Sometimes, fire fighters even start fires to get rid of（去除）dead wood. Of cours

43、e, they carefully control the fires. The fire thins out old trees. This allows sunlight to reach the ground. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore, if a fire is not a serious threat（威脅）to people, firefighters may let it burn naturally.問題：What is the main idea of paragraph 4?解析：本題為段落主旨

44、題。題干意為“第四段的主要意思是什么？”，根據(jù)第四段段首句可知“澳大利亞允許更多的火自然燃燒”，而后面的內容解釋的是這樣做的原因是保持森林健康，綜合這兩點并運用in order to短語即可得出正確答案，應填“In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.”。答案：In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.題型題型四：活用題解題技巧主觀性最強，需要準確把握主旨，圍繞文章的中

45、心觀點列出要點，擴點成句，進行潤色，但要注意不能不著邊際，離題萬里。設題方式1. Do you think the selfie is good? Why?2. What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B?典題精析I think its only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not like it, but its good for them. It teaches them how to look after themselves. Thi

46、s is really useful when _.問題：What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B?解析：本題為活用題。題干意為“在letter B結尾的空白處能夠填什么？”，這類題的答案比較靈活，不是唯一的，只要和文章的主旨一致就可以。本段主要說的是孩子們在家里做一些家務能夠幫助她們學會照顧自己，當_, 這一點是有用的。那么一定是孩子離開家，獨自生活的時候，答案與此主題一致即可。答案：they leave home to go to college/ live on their own 語篇精講瀏覽問題（抓住選項中的關

47、鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章）題號選項1What does minimalism suggest?2How did the writer get rid of some of her CDs and books?3How did the writer feel after getting lots of things out of her room?4Why is it hard to be a minimalist?5What are the advantages of being a minimalist?通讀尋讀話題體裁字數(shù)建議用時實際用時正確率星級日常生活類記敘文3416-8分鐘_/5

48、Becoming a MinimalistI have too many things. My bedroom is often very messy. I have shelves with dirty books I never read and CDs I dont listen to. My drawers are filled with clothes I never wear. I was getting upset that I never had any space in my bedroom. Then I read about minimalism. Minimalism

49、suggests that you only keep the most necessary and important things and get rid of (處理掉) everything else. After reading about minimalism I felt encouraged to solve my problem.I started clearing out a lot of the things which I didnt use. I collected bags of clothes to give to charity. I sold some of

50、my CDs and books online. Although I know that I would never need these things again, I still found it very difficult to get rid of them. My brain tried to stop me from letting them go. I said to myself “I might need them in the future!?” or “wont I be sad if I lose that?” But the things was, I knew

51、I couldnt keep everything.After getting lots of thing out of my room, I actually became quite excited to see the tidy room with some fresh space. And an organized bedroom also makes me have a clear and organized mind! The main idea behind minimalism is to cut down what you own, and by doing this you can really value the things you have. Its not easy to be a minimalist. We are often told that it is better to have more things. Advertisements try to make us believe that we will only be happy by spe