2019中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法突破二 代詞考點(diǎn)剖析（講義五四制）

1、五四語(yǔ)法二 代詞語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)剖析考點(diǎn)一 人稱代詞1.人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語(yǔ)，賓格既可在句中作動(dòng)詞和介詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可以在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)。He knew where I was going.他知道我要去哪里。I teach them English.我教他們英語(yǔ)。The little girl in the picture is me.照片里的小女孩是我。2單數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，排列順序?yàn)榈诙朔Q、第三人稱、第一人稱，即you, he/she and I; 復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，排列順序?yàn)榈谝蝗朔Q、第二人稱、第三人稱，即we, you and they。單項(xiàng)選擇1(2018上海中考)My

2、 father is a good doctor. works hard to help his patients.AHe BHimCHis DHimself2(2018北京中考)My brother and I like football. play it together once a week.AI BThey CWe DYou3(2018江蘇揚(yáng)州中考)Who is the lady in red?Miss Gao. She teaches English.Awe Bus Cour Dours考點(diǎn)二 物主代詞1.形容詞性物主代詞不單獨(dú)使用；名詞性物主代詞用來(lái)代替前面已經(jīng)提到的名詞，相當(dāng)于

3、“形容詞性物主代詞名詞”。Is this your bike？這是你的自行車嗎？ No, its her bike. Mine(My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行車。我的(自行車)在樹(shù)下。2名詞性物主代詞可以與of連用作定語(yǔ)。He is a friend of hers.他是她的一個(gè)朋友。單項(xiàng)選擇1(2018河北中考)Please come in, Alice. Welcome to house.Aher Bhis Cmy Dyour 2(2018重慶中考A卷)Im surprised at the new look of hometown.AI Bme C

4、my Dmine3(2018江蘇南京中考)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.Athey Btheir Cthem Dtheirs4(2018四川樂(lè)山中考)The sunglasses on your desk are nice. Are they ？Yes, I got them from my parents as a birthday present.Ayours ByourCyourself Dyou考點(diǎn)三 反身代

5、詞1.反身代詞可以作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。2反身代詞的常用搭配：teach oneselflearn by oneself自學(xué)enjoy oneself過(guò)得愉快by oneself親自help oneself to隨便吃dress oneself自己穿衣服lose oneself in沉浸于；陶醉于Who taught your sister English？誰(shuí)教你姐姐英語(yǔ)？Nobody. She taught herself.沒(méi)有人教她。她自學(xué)的。Did you enjoy yourselves in the party？你們?cè)诰蹠?huì)上玩得開(kāi)心嗎？Girls, come h

6、ere and help yourselves to some fruit.女孩們，過(guò)來(lái)隨便吃些水果吧?？偙恚?性質(zhì)數(shù)主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞單數(shù)Imemyminemyselfyouyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves單項(xiàng)選擇1(2018天津中考)She is too busy to help us finish

7、 the work.Lets do it Aherself BmyselfCitself Dourselves2(2018貴州中考)Welcome you all to China and enjoy here.Ayourself ByourselvesCthemselves Dhimself考點(diǎn)四 指示代詞1this和these用于指距離較近的事物或人，that和those用于指較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人。This picture is clear and that picture is not clear.這張圖畫很清楚，而那張圖畫不清楚。These are your books. They are

8、here.這些是你的書(shū)，它們?cè)谶@兒。Those are my books. They are over there.那些是我的書(shū)，它們?cè)谀莾骸?打電話時(shí)用that問(wèn)對(duì)方是誰(shuí)，用this做自我介紹。This is Mary speaking. Whos that？我是瑪麗，你是誰(shuí)？3that/those指代上文提到的名詞。The weather in Hangzhou is much warmer than that in Harbin in winter.杭州冬天的天氣比哈爾濱的天氣暖和多了。(that指代the weather，避免重復(fù))單項(xiàng)選擇(2018貴州安順中考)Mr. Han, ho

9、w is the weather in Anshun now, please?Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.Ait Bthat Cthis Dthose考點(diǎn)五 不定代詞1some與anysome與any均表示“一些”，既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞some一般用于肯定句中，若要表示說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定回答或表示請(qǐng)求、建議，應(yīng)用some any多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件句；any用于肯定句中，意為“任何一個(gè)”Would you like some coffee？你想要些咖啡嗎？Yes, please.好的，謝謝。There arent any

10、students in the classroom.教室里沒(méi)有學(xué)生。2each與everyeachevery可以單獨(dú)使用不可單獨(dú)使用著重個(gè)別著重全體可以與of連用不可以與of連用指兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)指三者或三者以上中的每一個(gè)不可以與not連用與not連用時(shí)，表示部分否定3.either與 neithereither指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)；作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)neither指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)也不；作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)There are many trees on either side of the street.在大街的兩邊有很多樹(shù)。Neither of the books is g

11、ood.這兩本書(shū)都不好。4both與allboth兩者都否定詞neitherall三者及三者以上全都否定詞none短語(yǔ)both. and.意為“和都”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。on both sideson each/either side在兩旁There are many tall trees on either side of the road.道路兩邊有許多高大的樹(shù)木。兩詞在句中放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，也可與of連用后接主語(yǔ)。We are both students, and both of us like sports.我們倆都是學(xué)生，也都喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。You c

12、an both swim, cant you？你們倆都會(huì)游泳，對(duì)嗎？5a little, little, a few, few的區(qū)別肯定意義否定意義后接名詞a littlelittle不可數(shù)名詞a fewfew可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一點(diǎn)水。There is little water in the bottle.瓶子里幾乎沒(méi)有水。He has a few friends.他有幾個(gè)朋友。He has few friends.他幾乎沒(méi)有朋友。a little, little可以用作副詞。在反義疑問(wèn)句中，little和few的附

13、加疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定形式。6other, the other, another, others, the others單詞詞義用法other其他的后接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞the other兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)常構(gòu)成one., theother.another另一個(gè)后接單數(shù)名詞或“數(shù)字復(fù)數(shù)名詞”others另外的人或物是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式the others其他所有相當(dāng)于the rest或“the other名詞復(fù)數(shù)”7.復(fù)合不定代詞somebody某人anybody任何人nobody沒(méi)有人everybody每個(gè)人someone某人anyone任何人no one沒(méi)有人everyone每人somethi

14、ng某事anything任何事nothing沒(méi)有東西everything每件事復(fù)合不定代詞的用法基本與some, any一致。修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要后置。 I have something interesting to tell you.我有些有趣的事情要告訴你。8much與manymuch與many都表示“很多，許多”，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)much修飾不可數(shù)名詞many修飾可數(shù)名詞單項(xiàng)選擇1(2018湖北黃岡中考)Did Qingdao show to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作組織峰會(huì))?Sure! Her beauty, hig

15、h technology and rapid development.Asomething special Banything special Cspecial something Dspecial anything2(2018湖北武漢中考)Do you know where the last two Pictures went?A millionaire bought of them. He thought they were worth.Aeither BeachCnone Dboth3(2018浙江溫州中考)Do you like rock music or light music? .

16、 I like Beijing Opera.AEither BNoneCBoth DNeither4(2018湖北隨州中考)Im worried about tomorrows talent show.Be confident! If you dont believe in yourself, will.Anobody BanybodyCeverybody Dsomebody5(2018上海中考)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and is noisy.Aanother Bthe otherCother Dothers考點(diǎn)六 疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞有

17、what, who, whom, whose, which等。疑問(wèn)代詞用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中，一般都放在句首。Whats your name？你叫什么名字？注意疑問(wèn)代詞構(gòu)成的一些固定句式，如What does sb. look like?單詞詞義用法who誰(shuí)作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whom誰(shuí)作賓語(yǔ)，是who的賓格whose誰(shuí)的作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，是who的所有格形式what什么作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)which哪個(gè)作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇1(2018江蘇鹽城中考) do you plan to buy?I havent made up my mind. Ill just look aroun

18、d.AWho BHowCWhy DWhat2(2018黑龍江哈爾濱中考改編)Qingdao is a beautiful city Ive ever been to.So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year.Awhose BwhichCwhat Dwho考點(diǎn)七 it的用法1特指上文提到的事物。Wheres your office？你的辦公室在哪里？Its on the third floor.在三樓。2指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人。Who is the person over there？在那兒的人是誰(shuí)？

19、It may be the headmaster.可能是校長(zhǎng)。3指天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。Its about eight oclock.大約8點(diǎn)了。4在固定句型中作形式主語(yǔ)。It isadj.(for sb.) to do sth.做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))是It isadj.(of sb.) to do sth.(某人)這么做真是太I(xiàn)ts ones turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事Its time (for sb.) to do sth.是(某人)做某事的時(shí)候了Its said/believed/reported that.據(jù)說(shuō)/人們認(rèn)為/據(jù)報(bào)道It takes sb. some time

20、 to do sth.某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事It is/has been時(shí)間段since從句(過(guò)去時(shí))自從以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有時(shí)間了5作形式賓語(yǔ)。I found it important to learn English well.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。單項(xiàng)選擇1(2018四川涼山中考)I cant find my English book. Have you seen ？Oh, sorry. I have taken by mistake.Athem; my Bthem; yourCit; mine Dit; yours2(2018四川眉山中考)We find impossible for us a foreign language well in a short time.Aone; learn Bit; to learnCthat; to learn Dthis; learning考點(diǎn)八 one的用法one指代可數(shù)名詞，既可指人，也可指物。它既可以單獨(dú)使用，也可以放在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前作定語(yǔ)。1單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，泛指“人” “一個(gè)人” “人們”。One should do ones best all the time.一個(gè)人無(wú)論何時(shí)都應(yīng)盡自己最大努力。