2016年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語一試題答案及解析

1、 Born To Win2016考研英語（一）真題及答案詳細解析（跨考教育文字版）Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplex one fortheyoung male. It may involve not only his parents

2、and his friends,_1_thoseoftheyoung woman,but alsoamatchmaker. A young man can _2_ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to _3_the marriage negotiations, or the young mans parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. _4_, a girl may veto the

3、spouse her parents have chosen. _5_ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _6_ a good family.Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,_7_1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand

4、_8_prayersofblessing.Par-tsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,_9_cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebridesandgroomswrists,and_10_acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestobless the_11_. Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewifesparentsandmay_12_withthemuptoayear,_13_theycanbuilda

5、newhousenearby.Divorceislegal and easy to _14_,but not common. Divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval. Eachspouseretains _16_ property he or she _17_ intothemarriage,and jointly-acquired propertyis_18_ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, buta gender prejudice _19_up. Thedivorced male doe

6、snt haveawaiting period before he can remarry _20_the woman must wait ten months. 1. A.bywayof B.withregardto C.onbehalfof D.aswellas2. A.decideon B.providefor C.competewith D.adaptto3. A.close B.arrange C.renew D.postpone4. A.Intheory B.Aboveall C.Intime D.Forexample5. A.Unless B.Less C.After D.Alt

7、hough6. A.into B.within C.from D.through7. A.or B.since C.but D.so8. A.test B.copy C.recite D.create9. A.folding B.piling C.wrapping D.tying10. A.passing B.lighting C.hiding D.serving11. A.association B.meeting C.collection D.union12. A.deal B.part C.grow D.live13. A.whereas B.until C.for D. if14. A

8、.avoid B.follow C.challenge D.obtain15. A.isolated B.persuaded C.viewed D.exposed16. A.wherever B.whatever C.whenever D.however17. A.changed B.brought C.shaped D.pushed18. A.invested B.divided C.donated D.withdrawn19. A.warms B.clears C.shows D.breaks20. A.while B.sothat C.once D.inthat1. 標準答案Das we

9、ll as 考點分析本題考察邏輯關(guān)系選項分析因為考察邏輯關(guān)系，所以需要我們先對填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身處大環(huán)境not only.but also之中，這是一個明顯的并列關(guān)系，表示“不僅而且”該空與前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列關(guān)系，表示“與他本人以及伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)” 所以答案只能是D. as well as. A. by way of通過 B. with regard to 關(guān)于 C. on behalf of 代表2. 標準答案A decide on 考點分析上下文語義 選項分析根據(jù)該句的主語a young man與賓語a likel

10、y spouse的關(guān)系，答案只能是A. decide on 決定。表示自己決定自己的對象。B. provide for 為提供準備 C. compete with與競爭 D. adapt to適用3. 標準答案Barrange 考點分析上下文語義及動詞辨析 選項分析該句意思為，他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母_相關(guān)事務(wù)。四個選項中，A. close 關(guān)閉 C renew 更新；恢復(fù) D postpone“推遲”，語義不正確，只有B arrange安排是符合語境。4. 標準答案AIn theory 考點分析上下文語義 選項分析邏輯判斷題。主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面是說“他可以自己選擇自己中

11、意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象。” 空格后面說“女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對象。”這兩句之間沒有舉例說明的關(guān)系，且有一個may，更證明A. In theory的正確性。而其他選項 B. Above all最重要的是， C. In time 準時 D. For example舉例，均不符合題意。5. 標準答案CAfter 考點分析上下文語義 選項分析根據(jù)下文“_a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other”知道，只有對象選擇好后，父母才會去調(diào)查研究對方的背景。所以只有after

12、才對。其他選項A. Unless 除非，否則 B. Lest 以免，唯恐 D. Although 盡管 都不符合題意。6標準答案Ainto 考點分析上下文語義及介詞詞義辨析 選項分析 這里主要是看marry與相關(guān)介詞的固定搭配。這里marry into就是指嫁到，而其他選項均沒有這層含義。7.標準答案Cbut考點分析邏輯關(guān)系題選項分析根據(jù)上文，說傳統(tǒng)的婚禮時間跨度很長，但是到了1980s,婚禮只持續(xù)一天半。所以與前文發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。因此要選擇but轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。8標準答案Crecite考點分析上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析選項分析空格處需要填一個動詞，和后面的prayersofblessing所搭配，C選項r

13、ecite為背誦的意思，與所給短語搭配最為合理，譯為“為祈禱者做祈?！?。9標準答案Dtying考點分析上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析選項分析本題需要根據(jù)上下文語義分析，空格處需要搭配后文“棉花線頭”，縱觀四個選項A折疊B堆積C包裹D系上，根據(jù)選項含義，只有D和后文的“棉花線頭”搭配最為合理。10標準答案Apassing考點分析上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析選項分析本題根據(jù)選項A傳遞B點亮C隱藏D服務(wù)，原文空格需要填寫一個動詞與后文“aroundacircle”來搭配，譯為“將蠟燭傳一圈”，故A傳遞為正確選項。11標準答案Dunion考點分析名詞詞義辨析選項分析本題根據(jù)選項A協(xié)會，社團B會議，會面C集合D結(jié)

14、合。本句語義為“這些受尊敬的夫妻祈禱”根據(jù)語境，結(jié)婚是一種夫妻二人的結(jié)合，因此，選項D結(jié)合更符合語境。12. 標準答案Dlive考點分析上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析選項分析本題比較簡單。根據(jù)語義“根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，新婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家，與父母_一年”根據(jù)語境，應(yīng)為D居住為最佳答案。13標準答案Buntil考點分析時間邏輯關(guān)系 選項分析根據(jù)原文，“_他們在附近建造一棟新房子”A然而B直到C為D如果結(jié)合語境，B直到最符合原文語境，搭配最為合理。14標準答案 Dobtain 考點分析 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析選項分析 Divorce is legal and relatively easy to _14_,

15、 but not common.該句句意為離婚是合法的，且相對容易_. A.avoid 避免B.follow 跟隨C.chanllenge挑戰(zhàn)，質(zhì)疑D.obtain獲得。這里出現(xiàn)and,所以對于離婚這件事不可能是避免或是挑戰(zhàn)，但是跟隨和離婚之間語義不符，但是獲得離婚（的批準）是可以的。選D. 15. 標準答案 D viewed考點分析 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析選項分析 Divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval.離婚的人一些不贊同。在段首，已經(jīng)注明離婚是合法的且相對容易得到批準，但是不常見。這說明離婚在現(xiàn)實中肯定是不太受到人們的歡迎的。而接下

16、來這句就說離婚的人一些不贊同。再看選項：A.isolated孤立 B.persuaded勸說C.viewed看做 D. exposed接觸，受到的影響 C選項固定搭配被認為，放進。16. 標準答案 Bwhatever 考點分析 語法 選項分析Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage, 17個空對應(yīng)的都是動詞，所以該句意思為：夫婦雙方保有財產(chǎn)，這個財產(chǎn)是他或她(動詞)進婚姻的。 結(jié)合選項A whenever“無論何地；任何（地方）=any place where(定從)”。B whatever“無論什么；

17、任何（東西）=anything that/any+N that”。C whenever無論何時；任何（時間=any time when）D however 無論如何；無論多么 。根據(jù)語義，這里應(yīng)該不是讓步的關(guān)系,而且填的這個詞還要能修飾property。因此，選擇B =retains any property that he or she .17. 標準答案 Bbrought 考點分析 上下文語義及動詞義辨析 選項分析 Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage,結(jié)合選項A changed“改變”。B b

18、rought “帶來”。C shaped“形成” D pushed“推，逼迫”。結(jié)合語境只有B符合，把財產(chǎn)帶入婚姻。18. 標準答案 Bdivided 考點分析 上下文語義及動詞義辨析 選項分析 and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally.結(jié)合選項A invested投資.Bdivided平分 C donated 捐贈Dwithdrawn撤出，提取。根據(jù)語義應(yīng)該是共同財產(chǎn)被（夫妻雙方）平分。19. 標準答案 Cshows考點分析 動詞固定搭配選項分析 Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender preju

19、dice _19_up. 該句語義為離過婚的人或許會再婚，但是性別偏見。結(jié)合選項A. warm（up）加熱 B.clear(up) 變晴C.show (up) 顯現(xiàn)D.break（up）分裂，分開；，顯然C是正確選項。20. 標準答案 Awhile選項分析 上下文語義考點分析 很明顯的兩類人的對比比較關(guān)系。只能選擇while.【真題翻譯】在柬埔寨，伴侶的選擇對于年輕男性來說是一個復(fù)雜的問題。這不僅與他本人以及未來伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)，而且與媒婆也有著千絲萬縷的關(guān)系。他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象。理論上來說，女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對

20、象。在選好自己的對象后，每個家庭都能會去調(diào)查對方家庭來確保他們的孩子嫁到好人家。傳統(tǒng)的婚禮是一段漫長，多姿多彩的過程。從前會持續(xù)三天，但是到了20世紀80年代，一般會持續(xù)一天半。佛教徒通常會做簡短誦經(jīng)，并為新人祈福。儀式通常包括剪發(fā)，在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸滿圣水的棉繩，在幸福的、受人尊敬的夫婦中傳遞蠟燭來祈禱新人的結(jié)合。通常情況下，新婚夫婦會到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他們在附近建一棟新房子為止。離婚是合法的，而且很容易獲得批準，但是在實際中這種情況并不常見。離過婚的男女會受到一些人的詬病。夫婦雙方在離婚后可保有他或她婚前帶來的財產(chǎn)，而且可平分婚后共同取得的財產(chǎn)。離過婚的人或許會再婚，但是性別

21、偏見還是很明顯。比如，離過婚的男性再婚前不需要一段等待期而女性則需要等待十個月。Section Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1 France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, ha

22、s decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by

23、promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. Thats a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death as some have done. I

24、t tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others b

25、e arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques. The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still

26、regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized

27、 body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement. In contrast to Frances actions, Denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding t

28、he age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people”. The charters main tool of enforcement is to deny access f

29、or designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better w

30、ould be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Websites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fashion industry

31、would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of【B】indicating the state of【C】losing faith in【D】doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry？【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standards are being s

32、et in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for【A】pursuing perfect physical conditions【B】caring too much about models character.【C】showing little concern for health factors【D】setting a high a

33、ge threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?【A】A Challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals【B】A Dilemma for the Starving models in France【C】Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty【D】The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry21 答案 A Physical beauty would

34、be redefined解析：這是一道細節(jié)題，根據(jù)France定位到第一段第一句，主干成分為France has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty。此外第二段第二句They suggest beauty should not be define by looks故而A physical beauty would be redefined為同義替換，即為正確答案。22 答案 D doing harm to 解析：此題為詞義題。定位到第二段第二句They suggest beauty should not be defined by

35、looks that end up impinging on health. 根據(jù)end up 可以看出beauty should not be defined by looks 和that end up impinging on health為順承關(guān)系，所以“改變?nèi)藗儗γ啦粌H僅是外表的定義”可以結(jié)束對健康的危害。故而可以推知doing harm to是正確答案。23 答案 B New Standards are being set in Denmark 解析：此題是正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句話 In Denmark,it is trying to set voluntary standar

36、ds for models and fashion可知B選項 New standards are being set in Denmark是其同義替換。24 答案 C showing little concern for health factors 解析：細節(jié)題。一個設(shè)計師很可能因為什么原因被CFW拒絕，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞可回到文中定位至倒數(shù)第二段，首句說丹麥的時尚界就有關(guān)模特的年齡，健康及其他特性的內(nèi)容達成一致意見，切一項新法案也明確規(guī)定，他們已經(jīng)意識到時尚界對于人們尤其是年輕人的身體健康所帶來的影響，并且該對此負責(zé)，接著下一句就說，這一法規(guī)的執(zhí)行方式就是拒絕一些設(shè)計師，因為可以推斷設(shè)計師很可能因

37、為不考慮身體健康因素而被CFW拒絕。25 答案 D A challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals 解析：主旨題。本文從首段就開始闡述法國的觀點，即時尚界已經(jīng)失去了定義女性身體之美的權(quán)利，且議會也禁止網(wǎng)站通過宣傳過度節(jié)食來強調(diào)過度消瘦。二段繼續(xù)說明美麗不能只看外表更不能以犧牲健康為代價。三段說女性不該讓他人來評判自己的美麗。以及后面的段落中也一直在不斷說明一點，即健康很重要，不能只看外表。所以文章最佳標題應(yīng)該是D，對時尚界完美身材的質(zhì)疑。Text 2For the first time in history more people live i

38、n towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. A century ago Octavia H

39、ill Launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air .”Hills pressure later led to creation of national parks and

40、green belts. They dont make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . It needs constant guardianship. At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservativesplanning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conserv

41、ation， even authorising“off-plan”building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance,has

42、 sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in plac

43、e. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that”housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is no

44、t the need for more houses but, as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets . This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown

45、and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europes most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retai

46、n an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative - the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britains public

47、 sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHS.B didnt start till the Shakespearean age. C is fully backed by the royal family. D is not well reflected in politics.27. According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyed.B effectiv

48、ely reinforced.C properly protected. D largely overshadowed. 28. which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation. B the Conservatives may abandon ”off -plan“ building.C the Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.D labour is un

49、der attack for opposing development.29. the author holds that George Osbornes preferenceA reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.B shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.C stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.D highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.30.

50、 In the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation of A the size of population in Britain.B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain. C the town-and-country planning in Britain.D the political life in today is Britain. 26 答案 D is not well reflected in politics 解析：細節(jié)題。精讀題干，劃出關(guān)鍵詞。根據(jù)題干回到原文精確定位到首段最

51、后一句，該句中的polls民意調(diào)查對應(yīng)題干中的public sentiment，定位答案處為“this has limited political support”，意思為這在政治支持方面是有限的。與D選項“在政治上沒有得到很好的反響”為同義替換。27 答案 D largely overshadowed 解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，題干中出現(xiàn)大寫the National Trust，定位到第二段首句the National Trust該句。二段首句只是對Hill的該項目做介紹，需向后看影響。往下可以讀到Hills pressure這句，寫到“Hill的項目創(chuàng)造出國家公園和綠地。他們不再制造鄉(xiāng)村了，

52、而且每年鋼筋混凝土消耗的鄉(xiāng)村越來越多。鄉(xiāng)村需要持久的保護”。對應(yīng)選項，該項目的成就很大程度上被奪取了光輝。28 答案 A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation 解析：推斷題。題干問的是從第三段能推出什么，考察的是相應(yīng)段落的段落中心。觀察選項不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項中都是大寫的Ukip，The Conservatives，The Liberal Democrats，Labour?？筛鶕?jù)選項中的大寫回段落中尋找，發(fā)現(xiàn)Ukip所在的定位句為Only的倒裝強調(diào)句（倒裝強調(diào)句往往為答案所在處）。該句子意思是：只有Ukip意識到其機會，并支持這些

53、人。和選項A對應(yīng)一下，Ukip可能能從其對農(nóng)村保護的支持中獲得好處，是同義替換。29 答案 B Shows his disregard for the character of rural areas 解析：細節(jié)題 問的是作者對于奧斯本的偏好（觀點）的具體看法。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞奧斯本定位至第五段，因為問的是作者對于奧斯本觀點的看法，所以只需要看在奧斯本的觀點之后作者的表達內(nèi)容，第五段倒數(shù)兩句話就是作者表達自己觀點的地方，即“我們沒有破壞城市中受到保護的地方”，“你們?yōu)槭裁匆茐泥l(xiāng)村的呢？”這就說明奧斯本一方的觀點是要破壞鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境。所以可得出答案是奧斯本想法表明了他對于鄉(xiāng)村人們的忽視。30 答案 C

54、the-town-and-country planning in Britain 解析：根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段，問的是作者欣賞贊同什么，作者的觀點即是文章末段的段落中心，可定位到末段末句。末句指出，避免this會將左右黨派聯(lián)系起來，this代詞指代指代上句中所提到的內(nèi)容。Should即作者贊同的地方，也就是作者贊同的是城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合。TEXT3 “There is on and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedmans premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders money, thi