反義疑問句特殊用法總結(jié)[基礎(chǔ)教資]

1、1當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I，而句子又用來征詢對(duì)方的意見時(shí)，附加疑問句中的主語用you。如：I find English very interesting, dont you?I dont like that film, do you?2 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody, anybody, anyone, none, neither等合成代詞時(shí)，附加疑問句中的主語通常用they。但亦可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等作主語，具有否定概念時(shí)。如：Everyone is here, arent t

2、hey?No one knows about it, do they?Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they?Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they?Nobody wants to go there, does he?3當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定代詞everything, nothing, anything, something時(shí)，反意疑問句中的主語一般用it，不用they。如：Everything seems all right now, doesnt it?Nothing is kept in good or

3、der, is it?Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it?Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it?4.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this, that或these, those時(shí)，附加疑問句中的主語分別用it和they。如：This is important, isnt it?That isnt correct, is it?This is a plane, isnt it? These are grapes，arent they? These are your friends Tom a

4、nd Jack, arent they?5. 如果陳述部分是以代詞one作主語，附加疑問句中的主語在正式場合用one，非正式場合用you,在美國英語中，在非正式場合還可以用he。如：One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one?One cant be too careful, can one?或can you?One should do his duty, shouldnt he?6如果陳述部分用Im結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問部分一般用arent I/aint I/am I not。如：I am strong and healthy, arent I.I

5、 am working now, aint I.7當(dāng)陳述句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加疑問句中的主語也用there。如：Theres no help for it, is there?Theres something wrong, isnt there?8陳述部分帶有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing, not, no, no one, nobody, none, neither, never等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)，附加疑問部分的動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。如：Bob rarely got drunk, did he?Fe

6、w people know him, do they?He is never late for school, is he?She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?You got nothing from him, did you? 如果陳述部分的否定詞帶有否定前綴，那么，該陳述部分作肯定處理，附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。如：He was unsuccessful, wasnt he?Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he?It is unfair, isnt it? 9當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，附加疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句的主語

7、和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。如：She says that I did it, doesnt she?I told them not everybody could do it ,didnt I?但當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I，謂語是think, believe, suppose, expect這類動(dòng)詞時(shí)，附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。I suppose that hes serious， isnt he?I dont think she cares, does she?10當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句，附加疑問句則需和就近的分句的主語和謂語一致。如：Xiao Lin

8、has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he?11在由“祈使句+附加疑問”構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中，附加疑問部分一般用will you, wont you, would you,有時(shí)也可用can you, cant you, why dont you, could you等。用will you 多表示“請(qǐng)求”，用wont you 多表示提醒對(duì)方注意。如：Look at the blackboard, will you/wont you?Dont open the door, will

9、 you?Give me some cigarettes, can you?Take a rest, why dont you?但是，以lets開頭的祈使句，附加疑問部分用shall we或shant we;以let us開頭的祈使句，如果含義是allow us，不包括聽話人在內(nèi)，疑問部分用will you。如：Let s go home, shall we/shant we?Let s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?Let us go out for a rest, will you?12當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表示“

10、必須”時(shí)，疑問部分用mustnt。如：You must work hard next term, mustnt you?I must answer the letter, mustnt I?但若表推測這層含義時(shí)，不能用must，而要根據(jù)陳述部分的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（即must之后的動(dòng)詞）以及含義采用相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞形式。 must + have + done 是對(duì)過去情況的推測，當(dāng)陳述部分沒有明確的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，附加疑問要用have的相應(yīng)形式；當(dāng)陳述部分有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，附加疑問要用過去時(shí)。如：You must have made a mistake, havent you?They must

11、 have seen the film last week, didnt they?He must be in the library, isnt he?13當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to時(shí)，疑問部分可用usednt或didnt。如：The old man used to smoke, didnt he?或usednt he?Tom used to live here, usednt he?或didnt he?14. 當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought to時(shí)，疑問部分用oughtnt或shouldnt。如：He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he?W

12、e ought to read this book, oughtnt we?或shouldnt we?15當(dāng)陳述部分含有had better時(shí)，疑問部分用hadnt。如：Youd better finish your homework now, hadnt you?16感嘆句后的附加疑問句的謂語動(dòng)詞需用be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且常用否定形式。如：What a clever boy, isnt he?What a lovely day, isnt it?17陳述句子中的主語為從句、動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或其他短語時(shí)，疑問部分的主語通常用it。如：Learning how to repair motor

13、s takes a long time, doesnt it?Between six and seven will suit you, wont it?Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?What you need is more important, isnt it？18在口語和非正式文體中，為了加強(qiáng)語氣，只是表示某種驚奇、懷疑、反感、諷刺等感情而并不是為了尋求回答，這時(shí)前后兩部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如：Oh, he is a writer, is he?Youll not go, wont you?19陳述句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是wish，表示愿望時(shí)用may，且用肯定形式。如：I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?20當(dāng)陳述部分帶有表示“所有”含義的動(dòng)詞have（has）時(shí)，疑問部分既可用have形式，也可用do形式。如：You have a new bike, havent you（或dont you）?She doesnt have any money in her