完整版現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)導(dǎo)學(xué)案及答案

1、高一英語(yǔ)課前作業(yè)A姓名班級(jí)組別編制 時(shí)間編號(hào) 43 審批課題：Unit 3 Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要用法3.使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)需要注意的問題【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】能夠熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！菊n前預(yù)習(xí)】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合，即“ have + been +動(dòng)詞過去分詞。試比較以下幾組句子的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 主動(dòng)：He has repaired the machine for two hours.（他修理這臺(tái)機(jī)器已有兩小時(shí)了）被動(dòng)：The machi ne has bee n rep

2、aired for two hours.（這臺(tái)機(jī)器已修了兩小時(shí)了）2. 主動(dòng)句：The teacher has borrowed the books.（老師把那些書借走了）被動(dòng)句：The books have bee n borrowed by the teacher.（那些書被老師借走了）【完成目標(biāo)】目標(biāo)一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定式： 由構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。例如： Two win dows have bee n broke n.兩個(gè)窗子被打破了。2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定式：由構(gòu)成。例如： The car has not been repaired .這輛汽車還沒有修好

3、。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般疑問式:由構(gòu)成。例女口：一 Has her work been finished?她的工作完成了嗎？Yes it has.是的，完成了。一Have the cars been repaired ?這些汽車修好了嗎？ 一 No,they have nt .不，還沒有。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊疑問式:由構(gòu)成。例如：How long has her work been finished ?她的工作完成有多久了？Who has been helped by the new computer ?誰已經(jīng)得到了這臺(tái)新計(jì)算機(jī)的幫助?目標(biāo)二：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 主要用法。1.

4、 表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在說話之前（即現(xiàn)在的過去）,強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞為短暫動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可與already或yet連用，但不可與 for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：The door has been locked.門被鎖上了。（結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在沒有人能進(jìn)去）房間已打掃干凈了。 翻譯：2. 表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能將持續(xù)下去，常與for或 since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用， 或用于How long .?句型中。連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：already, yet, lately, recen tly, in the past/last few days/years,

5、since the n, up to now, so far 等。例如：They have been told about it for many times .有人告訴他們這事很多次了。 （可能還會(huì) 有人告訴他們）這機(jī)器使用有多久了？翻譯：目標(biāo)三：使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 需要注意的問題。1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，即have / has和been，兩者缺一不可。2 .注意與一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過去時(shí) 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)時(shí)候，其結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒有影響；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在 過去，但側(cè)重說明該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。例如

6、：The house was built last year .這房子是去年建造的。The house has been built .這房子已經(jīng)建好了。3. 由 finish， buy， start， begin，post， return，borrow， join，marry， open 等非延續(xù)性 詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)如for four days，how long等連 用，而要改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。 例如：譯：這本書買了多久了？誤： How long has this book been bought ? 正: How long ago was this book

7、 bought ?但這類動(dòng)詞的否定式可表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)過程，具有延續(xù)性，因而可與since或for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間段連用。例如：No books have bee n bought si nee last week .自上周以來，沒有人來買過書。4 .短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性，不可省略短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。例如：The orphan has been well looked after .這位孤兒一直受到很好的照顧?！菊n堂小結(jié)】本節(jié)從知識(shí)上學(xué)到了什么？本節(jié)從方法上學(xué)到了什么？高一英語(yǔ)作業(yè)B （課后）、將空白處補(bǔ)充完整，完成下列含有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子（每空一詞）。1. The

8、y have built many houses in the village in the past few years.Many housesin the village in the past few years.2. They should have completed the project earlier this mon th.The projectearlier this mon th.3. Jacks boss has always praised him for his devoti on to work.Jackby his boss for his devoti on

9、to work.4. They have found a good place to build a n est in the com muni ty.A good placeto build a n est in the comm un ity.5. They have nt yet decided how to solve that difficult tech no logical problem.How to solve that difficult tech no logical problemyet.二.選擇題1. 1 can t see any coffee in this cu

10、pboard. ?A. Has it all bee n fini shedB. Was it all fini shedC. Has it all fini shedD. Did it all finish愛屋及烏 Love me, love my dog.第6頁(yè)共6頁(yè)2. Millions of pounds worth of damageby a storm which swept across the northof En gla nd last ni ght.A. has bee n causedB. had bee n causedC. will be causedD. will

11、have bee n caused3. More patie ntsin hospital this year tha n last year.A. treatedB. have treatedC. had bee n treatedD. have bee n treated4. The wi ndow is dirty.I kno w. Itfor weeks.A. has nt clea nedB. did nt clea nC. was nt clea nedD. has nt bee n clea ned5. Paper moneyfor over a thousand years .

12、A.used B. has been used C. has usedD.is using6. Great changesin myhometown and a lot of factories .A.have been taken place; are beingset upB.have taken place;have been set upC.are taken place; had been set upD.had taken place ;willbe set up7. Come and sit down by the fire . Your handcold .A. has bee

13、n felt B. feelsC. is feltD. has felt8. The fireto the fifth floor . all the people ?A. has got; Have; been savedB. has been got; Have; savedC. has got; Do; saveD. has got; Have; saved9. We want to sit at the table n ear the windowI m sorry , but italready .A. has takenB. tookC. was takenD. has been

14、taken10. Some of the chapters （片段）by many students .A. have been widely readB. have read widelyC. were wide readD. had been widely read11. Why don t you go to the book store to buy some books ? Many new booksthere .A. have just broughtB. have just been broughtC. were just broughtD. are just brought1

15、2. Till now , three filmsin that small village this mon th .A. have shown B. have been shownC. were shownD. will be shown13. Do you know the thiefby the police ?A. has caught B. has been catchingC. was caught D. has been caught14. My sister is working in the power plant thatfor just one year .A. was

16、 used B. has been used C. is usedD. has used三、短文改錯(cuò)。My friend Nick told me story about his experienee back in the US, which was very interested.One day he was hav ing a yard sale and the old man livi ng n ext door come by to help. As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold

17、, he stopped at a box of golde n ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say: 25 cents each.” You will never sell these for that much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has bought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced,Tlltake them.

18、”學(xué)生得分【日期】月日批語(yǔ)】導(dǎo)學(xué)案43答案課前作業(yè)Ahave /has + been +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞have /has + not + been +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞have / has +主語(yǔ)+ been +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞疑問詞+ have/ has+主語(yǔ)+ been +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞翻譯：The room has already bee n clea ned.How long has the mach ine bee n used?課后作業(yè)B一填空。1. have bee n built2. should have bee n completed3. has always bee n praised4. has bee n found5. has ntbee n decided二選擇。第1題的第一句話告訴我們，櫥柜里看不到咖啡了，所以緊接著要問咖啡已經(jīng)被喝完了嗎？ ”，故選A。第2題的意思是 昨晚橫掃英格蘭北部的暴風(fēng)雨已經(jīng)造成了上百萬英鎊的損失”，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故選A。第3題中的patients與treat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除 A、B。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this year可知用現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。第4題上句提到 窗戶很臟”，所以下句應(yīng)該是窗戶已經(jīng)有數(shù)周沒有被擦了”，故選Do5-14 BB