考研英語(yǔ)閱讀B考前模擬試題及答案

1、姓名：_ 班級(jí)：_ 學(xué)號(hào)：_-密-封 -線- 考研英語(yǔ)閱讀b考前模擬試題及答案考試時(shí)間：120分鐘 考試總分：100分題號(hào)一二三四五總分分?jǐn)?shù)遵守考場(chǎng)紀(jì)律，維護(hù)知識(shí)尊嚴(yán)，杜絕違紀(jì)行為，確?？荚嚱Y(jié)果公正?？佳杏⒄Z(yǔ)閱讀b考前模擬試題及答案part bdirections:the following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. for questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the lis

2、t a-g to fill in each numbered box. the first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in boxes. mark your answers on answer sheet1. (10 points)a ten volunteers responded to the placebo much better than the rest. by the end of the experiment, their anxiety scores had halved, whereas the othe

3、rs stayed the same. brain scans also showed that activity in the amygdala, the brains “fear” centre, had dropped by 3 per cent。b he and his colleagues recruited 25 people with an exaggerated fear of public humiliation, otherwise known as social anxiety disorder. participants had to give a speech at

4、the start and end of an eight-week treatment - which unbeknownst to them and their doctors, was actually a placebo。c to see if there were genetic differences between responders and non-responders, furmark screened them for a variant of the gene for tryptophan hydroxylase-2, which makes the brain che

5、mical, serotonin. previous studies suggested that people with two copies of a particular “g” variant are less anxious in standard “fear” tests. sure enough 8 of the 10 responders had two copies, while none of the non-responders did (journal of neuroscience (doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.2534-08.2008)。d the

6、 gene might not play a role in our response to treatment for all conditions, and the experiment involved only a small number of people. nonetheless, the discovery is a milestone in the quest to understand this phenomenon, which often blurs the results of clinical trials “to our knowledge, its the fi

7、rst time anyone has linked a gene to the placebo effect,” says tomas furmark of uppsala university in sweden。e furmark believes the effect of the gene may extend to other conditions where the amygdala is involved, such as phobias, pain disorders and even depression. however, he cautions that only fu

8、rther studies will reveal whether the gene influences the placebo effect more generally。f echoing furmarks caution is fabrizio benedetti of the university of turin, italy. “we know that theres not a single placebo effect but many.” some may work through genetics, he adds, others through the expectat

9、ion of a reward。g for the first time, a gene is being linked to increased susceptibility to the placebo effect, the mysterious capacity some people have to benefit from sham treatments。order:g 41.42.43.44.45.f參考答案part b(10 points)41. d42. b43. a44. c45. e全文翻譯g 研究人員首次將基因與更容易產(chǎn)生安慰劑效應(yīng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。安慰劑效應(yīng)是指有些人所具有的

10、從偽治療中獲益的神奇能力。d 這類(lèi)基因也許并不能在治療任何疾病時(shí)都影響到我們的反應(yīng)，并且只有少數(shù)人參加了這次試驗(yàn)。盡管如此，今天的發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于人們理解這種通常干擾臨床試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的現(xiàn)象來(lái)說(shuō)，仍然具有里程碑式的意義。瑞典烏普薩拉大學(xué)的托馬斯富爾馬克說(shuō)：“據(jù)我們所知，這是人類(lèi)第一次將基因與安慰劑效應(yīng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)?！眀 富爾馬克和同事征集了25名患者社交恐懼癥的志愿者。參與者必須在為期8周的治療開(kāi)始和結(jié)束時(shí)各做一次演講他們自己和他們的醫(yī)生都不知道這實(shí)際上是一種安慰劑療法。a 10名志愿者對(duì)這種安慰劑療法所產(chǎn)生的反應(yīng)比其余的人要好得多。試驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí)，他們的焦慮分值已經(jīng)減半，而其他人則維持不變。大腦掃描結(jié)果顯示，大腦“恐懼”中樞扁桃核的活動(dòng)已減少30%。c 為了查看反應(yīng)者與無(wú)反映者是否存在基因差別，富爾馬克為他們檢查了色氨酸羥化酶2基因的一種變體，這種基因變體能生成一種大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)血清素。此前的研究表明，具有兩組“g”基因變體的人在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)“恐懼”測(cè)試中焦慮程度較低。完全可以肯定的是10位反映者中8位都具有這兩組變體，而無(wú)反應(yīng)者中則沒(méi)有一個(gè)人具有這兩組變體。e富爾馬克認(rèn)為，