小升初英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、小升初英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的事情或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與 now, listen, look 等詞連用，結(jié)構(gòu) 是主語(yǔ)+be 動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞 ing.如：it is raining now.it is six oclock now. my parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room. look! the children are having a running race now.listen! who is singing in the music room.問(wèn)句將 be 動(dòng)詞移前，否定句在 be 動(dòng)

2、詞后+not.2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與 often, usually, sometimes, always,every day(week year) on sundays 等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人 稱(chēng)單數(shù)即 he,she, it, tom, my mother, the boy 等詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞后加 s 或 es.如：we have an english lesson every day.my brother often catches insects at the weekends.do the boys run faster than the g

3、irls? yes, they do.ben doesnt do well in pe.問(wèn)句借助于 do, does 否定句借助于 dont,doesnt，后面動(dòng)詞一定要還原。3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，常與 just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用，結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（was; were）或主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。注意：be 動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞 過(guò)去式不可同時(shí)使用。如：my earphones were on t

4、he ground just now.where were you last week? i was at a camp.what did you do yesterday? i visited a farm問(wèn)句有 be 動(dòng)詞將 be 動(dòng)詞移前，沒(méi)有 be 動(dòng)詞借助于 did，后面動(dòng)詞還原；否定句有 be 動(dòng) 詞在后面加 not，沒(méi)有借助于 didnt 后面動(dòng)詞還原。4. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要打算發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與 tomorrow, next week(year; tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today 等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)

5、是主語(yǔ) +be(am, is, are) going to + 動(dòng)原或主語(yǔ)+will +動(dòng)原。如：what are you going to do tomorrow? i am going to have a picnic.my sister is going to play the piano at the concert.the children are going to have a sports meeting next week.tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.問(wèn)句將 be 動(dòng)詞或 will 移

6、前；否定句在 be 動(dòng)詞或 will 后加 not.5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can; cant; should; shouldnt; must; may 后一定加動(dòng)詞原形。如：the girlcant swim, but he can skate.dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.6. 肯定祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭；否定祈使句以 dont 加動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。如：open the boxfor me ,please.請(qǐng)為我打開(kāi)盒子。 liu tao! please get up earlier tomorrow. 劉濤

7、，明天 請(qǐng)?jiān)琰c(diǎn)起床！dont walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！helen! dontclimb the tree,please. 海倫！不要爬樹(shù)。7. 去干嘛用 go +動(dòng)詞 ing 如: go swimming; go fishing; go skating; go camping; go running; go skiing; go rowing8.than 前用比較級(jí)；asas 之間用原級(jí)。如：my mother is two years younger than my father.我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。 liu tao jumps as far as ben.劉濤跳

8、得和本一樣遠(yuǎn)。9. 喜歡做某事用 like +動(dòng)詞 ing 或 like+ to + 動(dòng)原。如：su yang likes growing flowers. 蘇陽(yáng)喜歡種花。 the children like toplay with lanterns at spring festival.孩子們喜歡在春節(jié)去玩花燈。10. 想要做某事用 would like +to+動(dòng)原或 want + to +動(dòng)原。id like to visit the history museum.=i want to visit the history museum.11. some 用于肯定句中，在否定句和問(wèn)句中改為

9、 any,但當(dāng)表示委婉語(yǔ)氣時(shí)仍用如：can i have some writing paper? would you like some orange juice?12.人稱(chēng)代詞主格做主語(yǔ)用，一般放在句首或動(dòng)詞前，主格分別是 i you he she it we you they。賓格做賓語(yǔ)用，一般放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后如：open them for me.let us , join me 等。賓格分別是 me you him her it usyou them。形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用，分別是 my your his her its ouryour their。名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于

10、形物加名詞，它只能單獨(dú)使用后面不好加名詞，分別是 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。13. 介詞后要么不加動(dòng)詞，加動(dòng)詞只能加動(dòng)詞 ing 形式，如：be good at running; do well in jumping;14. 季節(jié)前，月份前用介詞 in，如：in summer；in march，具體的哪一天如星期幾，幾月幾日用介詞 on 如：on saturday; on the second of april; on wednesdaymorning ,在幾點(diǎn)鐘前用介詞 at 如： at a quarter to four; 只在上下

11、午晚上用 in 如：in themorning/ afternoon/ evening; 但在夜間用 at night。另：季節(jié)，月份和星期前不好加 the.15. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成的方法有規(guī)則的有(1)直接在名詞后加 s 如 orangeoranges; photophotos;(2) 以 x, s, sh, ch 結(jié)尾的加 es 如：boxboxes; glassglasses; waitress waitresses; watchwatches;peach-peaches(3) 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的改 y 為 i 加 es 如：studystudies；librarylibraries;

12、 hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;(4)以 f, fe 結(jié)尾的改 f, fe為 ves 如：knifeknives; thiefthieves（注:以 o 結(jié)尾的我們學(xué)過(guò)的只有 mango 加 es, mangomangoes 其余加 s,）不規(guī)則的有：manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren 16. 動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的構(gòu)成(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加 s 如：runruns;dancedances(2) 以 s,sh,ch,o 結(jié)尾的加 es 如：dodoes;gogoes;washwashes;catch catche

13、s (3)以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的改 y 為 i 加 es 如：studystudies; carrycarries; 17. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加 ing 如：singsinging; skiskiing;(2)雙寫(xiě)詞尾加 ing 如：swimswimming;jogjogging;run running;(3)以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的去 e 加 ing 如：rideriding; dance dancing; makemaking;18. 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加 ed，如：cleancleaned; milkmilked;playplayed;(2)以 e 結(jié)

14、尾的直接加 d 如：dancedanced; tastetasted;(3) 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的改 y 為 i 加 ed 如：studystudied;carrycarried;(4)雙寫(xiě)詞尾加 ed 如：stop stopped; jogjogged;不規(guī)則的有 am,iswas; arewere; do,doesdid; have,hashad; gowent; meetmet; sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; comecame; stealstole; readread;19.形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則的(1)直接在形容詞或副詞后

15、加 er 如；smallsmaller; lowlower;(2)以 e 結(jié)尾的加 r 如：latelarer;(3)雙寫(xiě)詞尾加 er 如：bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;(4) 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的改 y 為 i 加 er 如：heavyheavier; early earlier;不規(guī)則的有：good, wellbetter(最高級(jí)為 best); many, much- more(最高級(jí)為 most); far-farther; 20.rain 與 snow 的用法(1)作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不可數(shù)名詞如：there is a lot of ra

16、inthere in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。(2) 作為動(dòng)詞意思是下雨和下雪，有四種形式分別是動(dòng)詞原形 rain； snow，第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù) rains ；snows，現(xiàn)在分詞 raining； snowing 和過(guò)去式 rained； snowed;如：look! itis raining now. 瞧！天正在下雨。it often rains in nantong in summer.南通夏天經(jīng)常下雨。 it rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。 it is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3)形容詞為 rainy 和 snowy 意思

17、是有雨的和有雪的如：it is often rainy here inspring.這兒的春天經(jīng)常是有雨的。if it is rainy tomorrow, ill stay at home.如果明天是 有雨的，我將呆在家里。21. 比較級(jí)時(shí)注意只有同類(lèi)事物才可進(jìn)行比較。如：my eyes are bigger than hers.your school bag is heavier than mine. my computer is nicer than nancys. my brother is stronger than me.22.have, has 表示某人有(has 用于第三人稱(chēng)單

18、數(shù))；there is/ are;there was/ were 表示某地存在有，注意 there be 句型的就近原則，單數(shù)或不可數(shù)用 there is /was; 復(fù)數(shù)用 there are/ were.23. 眼鏡 glasses; 耳機(jī) earphones; 鞋 shoes;褲子 trousers 等詞本身是復(fù)數(shù)。如：myglasses were on the chair just now.但如果表示這雙，這副，一雙的時(shí)候用單數(shù)如：there is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. this pair of earphones is for you.

19、24. 五個(gè)元音字母分別是 aa, ee, ii, oo, uu;25.a 用于輔音音素前；an 用于元音音素前。如：there is an s,at, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.26. 時(shí)間表示法有兩種(!)直接讀時(shí)鐘和分鐘。如 6:10 讀成 six ten;7:30 讀成 seven thirty; 8:45 讀成 eight forty-five;(2) 用 to 與 past 表示。在半小時(shí)包括半小時(shí)以內(nèi)用幾分 past 幾點(diǎn)如：6：10 讀成 ten past six; 7:30 讀成 half past se

20、ven; 過(guò)了半小時(shí)用下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)差幾分，如 7：45 讀成 a quarter to eight; 9:50 讀成 ten to ten;27. 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：基變序有規(guī)律，結(jié)尾加上 th; 一二三特殊例，結(jié)尾字母 tdd(即first, second, third); 八去 t， 九去 e， ve 要用 f 替（即 eigheighth; nineninth; five-fifth ;twelvetwelfth ）；ty 改 y 為 ie 后加 th 別忘記(即整十?dāng)?shù)如 twenty twentieth ；fortyfortieth);幾十幾十位為基個(gè)位為序（如第二十一為 twent

21、y-first）。另外強(qiáng)調(diào)序數(shù) 詞前一定要加 the。28. 日期的表示法用 the+序數(shù)詞+ of +月如三月三日 the third of march; 12 月 25 日 the 25th of december.29.both 表示兩者都，如：my parents are both teachers.all 表示三者以上都如：the students are all very excited.30. 有 day 的節(jié)日前用 on. 沒(méi)有 day 的節(jié)日前用 at, 如：at christmas; on christmas day; at new year; on new years d

22、ay.31.excited 表示激動(dòng)的，興奮地主語(yǔ)是人；exciting 表示令人激動(dòng)的，令人興奮的主語(yǔ)是事情如：the running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.賽跑非 常令人激動(dòng)，因此所有的學(xué)生都很激動(dòng)。32. 兩者比較用比較級(jí)，三者以上比較用最高級(jí)如：who runs faster, the boy or the girl?the boy does.誰(shuí)跑得更快，男孩還是女孩？男孩。which season do you like best? i like autumnbest.你最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)？我最喜歡秋天。which season do youlike better, summer or winter? i like winter better.你更喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)，夏天還是冬天