java簡(jiǎn)單工作流程系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書英文文獻(xiàn)及中文翻譯學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué)號(hào)： 學(xué) 院： 專 業(yè)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 年 月databasedevelopmentprocessbasedoninformationengineeringinformationsystemsplanningdatabaseisasourceofdevelopmentprojects.thesenewdatabasedevelopmentprojectsisusuallyinordertomeetthestrategicneedsoforganizations,suchasimprovingcustomersupport,improveproduct

2、andinventorymanagement,oramoreaccuratesalesforecast.however,manymoredatabasedevelopmentprojectisthebottom -up approachemerging,suchasinformationsystemuserneedsspecificinformationtocompletetheirwork,thusbeginningaprojectrequest,andasotherinformationsystemsexpertsfoundthatorganizationsneedtoimprovedat

3、amanagementandbeginnewprojects.bottom-upeveninthecircumstances,tosetupanenterprisedatamodelisalsonecessarytounderstandtheexistingdatabasecanprovidethenecessarydata,otherwise,thenewdatabase,dataentitiesandattributescanbeaddedtothecurrentdataresourcestotheorganization.boththestrategicneedsoroperationa

4、linformationneedsofeachdatabasedevelopmentprojectsnormallyconcentratedinadatabase.someprojectsonlyconcentratedinthedatabasedefinition,designandimplementationofadatabase,asafollow-uptothebasisofthedevelopmentofinformationsystems.however,inmostcases,thedatabaseandassociatedinformationprocessingfunctio

5、nasacompleteinformationsystemsdevelopmentprojectwaspartofthedevelopment.one.systemdevelopmentlifecycleguidemanagementinformationsystemdevelopmentprojectsisthetraditionalprocessofsystemdevelopmentlifecycle(sdlc).systemdevelopmentlifecycleisanorganizationofthedatabasedesignersandprogrammersinformation

6、systemcomposedofthepanelofexpertsdetaileddescription,development,maintenanceandreplacementoftheentireinformationsystemsteps.thisprocessisbecausewaterfallthanforeverystepintotheadjacentthenextstep,thatis,theinformationsystemisaspecificationdevelopedbyapieceofland,everypieceoftheoutputisunderaninput.h

7、owevershowninthefigure,thesestepsarenotpurelylinear,eachofthestepsoverlapintime(andthu-scanmanageparallelsteps),butwhentheneedtoreconsiderpreviousdecisions,butalsotorollbacksomestepsahead.(andthereforewatercanbeputbackinthewaterfall!)thesystemdevelopmentlifecycleincludingeachstageanddatabasedevelopm

8、ent-relatedactivities,therefore,thequestionofdatabasemanagementsystemsthroughouttheentiredevelopmentprocess.infigure5werepeatofthesystemdevelopmentlifecyclestageoftheseven,andoutlinesthecommondatabaseateachstageofdevelopmentactivities.pleasenotethatthesystemsdevelopmentlifecyclestagesanddatabasedeve

9、lopmentstepsexistsbetweentherelationshipbetweentheconceptofmodelingdatainbothsystemsdevelopmentlifecyclestagesbetween.1.1enterprisemodelingdatabasedevelopmentprocessfromtheenterprisemodeling(systemdevelopme-ntlifecyclestageoftheprojectfeasibilitystudies,andtochooseapart) organizationssetthescopeandg

10、eneraldatabasecontent.enterprisemodelingininformationsystemsplanningandotheractivities,theseactivitiesdeterminewhichpartofinformationsystemsneedtochangeandstrengthentheentireorganizationandoutlinesthescopeofdata.inthisstep,checkthecurrentdatabaseandinformationsystems,developmentoftheprojectasthemain

11、areasofthenatureofthebusiness,withaverygeneraldescriptionofeachterminthedevelopmentofinformationsystemswhenneededdata.eachitemonlywhenitachievedtheexpectedgoalsoforganizationscanbewhenthenextstep.1.2conceptualdatamodelingonehasalreadybegunontheinformationsystemproject,theconceptofdatamodelingphaseof

12、theinformationsystemsneedsofallthedata.itisdividedintotwostages.first,itbegantheprojectintheplanningstage.atthesametimeoutliningtheestablishmentofotherdocumentstotheexistingdatabasewithoutconsideringthecircumstancesspecificdevelopmentprojectsinthescopeoftherequireddata.thiscategoryonlyincludeshigh-l

13、eveldata(entities),andmaincontact.theninthesystemdev-elopmentlife-cycleanalysisstagemusthaveamanagementinformationsystemsettheentireorganizationdetailsofthedatamodeldefinitionofalldataattributes,listingalldatatypesthatalldatainter-entitybusinesslinkages,definingdescriptionofthefulldataintegrityrules

14、.intheanalysisphase,butalsotheconceptofinspectiondatamodel(alsocalledtheconceptbehindthemodel)andthegoalofinformationsystemsusedtoexplainotheraspectsofthemodelofconsistencycategories,suchasprocessingsteps,rulesanddataprocessingtimeoftiming.however,eveniftheconceptissuchdetaileddatamodelisonlyprelimi

15、nary,becausefollow-upinformationsystemlifecycleactivitiesinthedesignofservices,statements,displayandinquiriesmayfindthatmissingelementormistakes.therefore,theconceptofdataoftensaidthatmodelingisatop-downmanner,itsareasofoperationfromthegeneralunderstandingofthedriver,ratherthanthespecificinformation

16、processingactivitiesbythedriver.1.3logicaldatabasedesignlogicaldatabasedesignfromtwoperspectivesdatabasedevelopment.first,theconceptofdatamodeltransformintorelationaldatabasetheorybasedonthecriteriathatmeans-between.then,asthedesignofinformationsystems,everycomputerprocedures(includingproceduresfort

17、heinputandoutputformat),databasesupportservices,statements,andinquiriesrevealedthatadetailedexamination.inthisso-calledbottom-upanalysis,accurateverificationoftheneedtomaintainthedatabaseandthedataineachaffairs,statementsandsoontheneedsofthoseinthenatureofthedata.foreachseparatestatements,services,a

18、ndsoontheanalysismusttakeintoaccountaspecific,limitedbutcompletedatabaseview.whenstatements,services,andotheranalysismightbenecessarytochangetheconceptofdatamodel.especiallyinlarge-scaleprojects,thedifferentanalyticalsystemsdevelopmentstaffandtheteamcanworkindependentlyindifferentproceduresorinacent

19、ralized,thedetailsoftheirworkuntilallthelogicdesignstagemaybedisplayed.inthesecircumstances,logicdatabasedesignstagemustbetheoriginalconceptofdatamodelanduserviewtheseindependentormergedintoacomprehensivedesign.inlogicdesigninformationsystemsalsoidentifyadditionalinformationprocessingneedsofthesenew

20、demandsatthistimemustbeintegratedintothelogicofearlieridentifiedinthedatabasedesign.logicaldatabasedesignisbasedonthefinalstepfortheformationofgooddataspecificationsanddeterminetherules,thecombination,thedataafterconsultationspecificationsorconvertedintobasicatomicelement.mostoftodaysdatabase,theser

21、ulesfromtherelationaldatabasetheoryandtheprocessknownasstandardization,#.thisstepistheresultofmanagementofthesedatahavenotcitedanydatabasemanagementsystemforacompletedescriptionofthedatabasemap.logicaldatabasedesigncompleted,webegantoidentifyindetailthelogicofthecomputerprogramandmaintenance,therepo

22、rtcontentsofthedatabaseforinquiries.1.4physicaldatabasedesignanddefinitionphysicaldatabasedesignanddefinitionphasedecisionscomputermemory(usuallydisk)databaseintheorganization,definitionofaccordingtothelibrarymanagementsystemforphysicalstructure,theproceduresoutlinedprocessingservices,producethedesi

23、redmanagementinformationanddecisionsupportstatements.theobjectiveofthisstageistodesignaneffectiveandsafemanagementofalldata-processingdatabase,thephysicaldatabasedesigntocloselyintegratetheinformationsystemsofotherphysicalaspectsofthedesign,includingprocedures,computerhardware,operatingsystemsanddat

24、acommunicationsnetworks.1.5databaseimplementationthedatabasepreparedbytherealizationstage,testingandinstallationproceduresforhandlingdatabases.designerscanusethestandardprogramminglanguage(suchascobol,corvisualbasic),thededicateddatabaseprocessinglanguages(suchassql),ortheprocessofthenon-exclusivela

25、nguageprogramminginordertoproduceastatementofthefixedformat,theresultwillbedisplayed,andmayalsoincludecharts.inachievingstage,butalsothecompletionofallthedatabasefiles,trainingusersforinformationsystems(database)usersetupprogram.thefinalstepistouseexistingsourcesofinformation(documentslegacyapplicat

26、ionsanddatabasesandnowneedsnewdata)loadingdata.loadingdataisoftenthefirststepindatafromexistingfilesanddatabasestoanintermediateformat(suchasbinaryortextfiles)andthentoturnintermediateloadingdatatoanewdatabase.finally,runningdatabasesandrelatedapplicationsfortheactualusermaintenanceandretrievalofdat

27、a.inoperation,theregularbackupdatabaseandthedatabasewhendamagedoraffectedresumedatabase.1.6databasemaintenanceduringthedatabaseintheprogressivedevelopmentofdatabasemaintenance.inthisstep,inordertomeetchangingbusinessconditions,inordertocorrecttheerroneousdatabasedesign,databaseapplicationsorprocessi

28、ngspeedincrease,deleteorchangethestructureofthedatabase.whenaprocedureorfailureofthecomputerdatabaseaffectordamagethedatabasemayalsobereconstruction.thisstepusuallyisthelongestinthedatabasedevelopmentprocessstep,asitcontinuedtodatabasesandrelatedapplicationsthroughoutthelifecycle,thedevelopmentofeac

29、hdatabasecanbeseenasabriefdatabasedevelopmentprocessanddatamodelingconceptsarise,logicalandphysicaldatabasedesignanddatabasetoachievedealingwiththechanges.two.informationsystemdevelopedbyothermeanssystemdevelopmentlifecycleminorchangesinlaworitsvariantoftheoftenusedtoguideinformationsystemsanddataba

30、sedevelopment.informationsystemisalife-cyclemethodology,itishighlystructuredapproach,whichincludesmanychecksandbalancestoensurethateverystepofproduceaccurateresults,andneworalternativeinformationsystemanditmustcommunicationsordatadefinitionsconsistentexistingsystemneedsconsistency.systemdevelopmentl

31、ifecyclebecauseoftheregularneedtohaveaworkingsystemforalongtimebeencriticizedbecauseonlyworkinthesystemuntiltheendofthewholeprocessgenerated.moreandmoreorganizationsnowuserapidapplicationdevelopmentmethod,itisaincludesanalysis,designandimplementationofstepstorepeattherapiditerativeprocessuntilconver

32、gencetousersthesystemsofar.rapidapplicationdevelopmentactrequiredthedatabasehasbeeninexistence,andenhancesystemismainlytotheapplicationofdataretrievalapplication,butnottothosewhogenerateandmodifydatabaseapplications.themostwidelyusedmethodofrapidapplicationdevelopmentisoneoftheprototype.theprototype

33、systemisamethodofiterativedevelopmentprocess,analystsandusersthroughcloseco-operation,continuingtorevisethesystemwilleventuallyconvertalltheneedsofaworkingsystem.inthisdiagramwecontainsnotes,brieflydescribeseachstageoftheprototypeofthedatabasedevelopmentactivities.normally,wheninformationsystemsprob

34、lemswereidentified,triedonlyaroughconceptofdatamodeling.inthedevelopmentoftheinitialprototype,thedesignoftheuserwantstodisplayandstatements,andthatanynewdatabaseneedsanddefineatermprototypedatabase.thisisusuallyanewdatabase,copythepartoftheexistingsystem,butmightalsoaddedsomenewcontent.whentheneedfo

35、rnewcontent,theseelementsareusuallyfromexternaldatasources,suchasmarketresearchdata,thegeneraleconomicindicatorsorindustrystandards.whenaprototypeofanewversiontorepeattheachievementandmaintenanceofdatabaseactivities.usuallyonlyaminimumlevelofsecurityandintegritycontrol,becauseatthistimethefocusisass

36、oonaspossibletoproduceaprototypeversioncanbeused.butdocumentmanagementprojectalsodeferredtothefinal,onlybeusedinthedeliveryofusertraining.finally,onceconstructedanacceptableprototype,developers,anduserswillbethefinaldecisionofwhethertoprototypedeliveryandtheuseofthedatabase.ifthesystem(includingdata

37、base)efficiencyisverylow,thenthesystemanddatabasewillbere-programmingandre-organizationinordertoachievethedesiredperformance.alongwithvisualprogrammingtools(suchasvisualbasic,java,visualc+andfourthgenerationlanguage)increasinglypopularuseofvisualprogrammingtoolscaneasilychangetheuserinterfacewiththe

38、system,theprototypeisbecomingthechoiceofsystemdevelopmentmethodology.customersusingtheprototypemethodstatementsandshowchangestothecontentandlayoutisquiteeasy.intheprocess,thenewdatabaseneedswereidentified,soitisthedevelopmentoftheuseoftheexistingdatabaseshouldbeamended.thereiseventhepossibilityofane

39、edforanewdatabasesystemprototypemethod,insuchcircumstances,whenthesystemdemandintheiterativeprocessofdevelopmentintheever-changingneedsaccesstosampledata,theconstructionorreconstructionofthedatabaseprototype.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)過程基于信息工程的信息系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃是數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)來(lái)源。這些開發(fā)新數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的項(xiàng)目通常是為了滿足組織的戰(zhàn)略需求，例如改善客戶支持、提高產(chǎn)品和庫(kù)存管理或進(jìn)行更精確的銷售預(yù)測(cè)。然而

40、許多數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目更多的是以自底向上的方式出現(xiàn)的，例如信息系統(tǒng)的用戶需要特定的信息來(lái)完成他們的工作，從而請(qǐng)求開始一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，又如其他信息系統(tǒng)的專家發(fā)現(xiàn)組織需要改進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)管理而開始新的項(xiàng)目。即使在自底向上的情況下，建立企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)模型也是必須的，以便理解現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是否可以提供所需的數(shù)據(jù)，否則，新的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)體和屬性都應(yīng)該加到當(dāng)前的組織數(shù)據(jù)資源中去。無(wú)論是戰(zhàn)略需求還是操作信息的需求，每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目通常集中在一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上。一些數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)項(xiàng)目?jī)H僅集中在定義、設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，以作為后續(xù)信息系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的基礎(chǔ)。然而在大多數(shù)情況下，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)及其相關(guān)信息處理功能是作為一個(gè)完整的信息系統(tǒng)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目的一部分而被開發(fā)的

41、。一系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期指導(dǎo)管理信息系統(tǒng)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目的傳統(tǒng)過程是系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期(sdlc)。系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期是指一個(gè)組織中由數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)人員和程序員組成的信息系統(tǒng)專家小組詳細(xì)說明、開發(fā)、維護(hù)和替換信息系統(tǒng)的全部步驟。這個(gè)過程比作瀑布是因?yàn)槊恳徊蕉剂鞯较噜彽南乱徊?，即信息系統(tǒng)的規(guī)格說明是一塊一塊地開發(fā)出來(lái)的，每一塊的輸出是下一塊的輸入。然而如圖所示，這些步驟并不是純線性的，每個(gè)步驟在時(shí)間上有所重疊（因此可以并行地管理步驟），而且當(dāng)需要重新考慮先前的決策時(shí)，還可以回滾到前面某些步驟。（因而水可以在瀑布中倒流！）系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期的每一階段都包括與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)相關(guān)的活動(dòng)，所以，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理的問題遍布整個(gè)系統(tǒng)開發(fā)過

42、程。請(qǐng)注意，系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期的階段和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)步驟之間不存在一一對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系，概念數(shù)據(jù)建模發(fā)生在兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期階段之間。1.1企業(yè)建模數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)過程從企業(yè)建模（系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期中項(xiàng)目論證和選擇階段的一部分）開始，設(shè)定組織數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的范圍和一般內(nèi)容。企業(yè)建模發(fā)生在信息系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃和其他活動(dòng)期間，這些活動(dòng)確定信息系統(tǒng)的哪個(gè)部分需要改變和加強(qiáng)并概述出全部組織數(shù)據(jù)的范圍。在這一步中，檢查當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和信息系統(tǒng)，分析作為開發(fā)項(xiàng)目主體的業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域的本質(zhì)，用非常一般的術(shù)語(yǔ)描述每個(gè)信息系統(tǒng)在開發(fā)時(shí)所需要的數(shù)據(jù)。每個(gè)項(xiàng)目只有當(dāng)它達(dá)到組織的預(yù)期目標(biāo)時(shí)才可以進(jìn)行下一步。1.2概念數(shù)據(jù)建模對(duì)一個(gè)已經(jīng)開始的信息系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目而言，概

43、念數(shù)據(jù)建模階段分析信息系統(tǒng)的全部數(shù)據(jù)需求。它分為兩個(gè)階段。首先，它在項(xiàng)目開始和規(guī)劃階段建立一張圖。同時(shí)建立其他文檔來(lái)概述不考慮現(xiàn)存數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的情況下特定開發(fā)項(xiàng)目中所需的數(shù)據(jù)范圍。此時(shí)僅僅包括高層類別的數(shù)據(jù)（實(shí)體）和主要聯(lián)系。然后在系統(tǒng)開發(fā)生命周期的分析階段產(chǎn)生確定信息系統(tǒng)必須管理的全部組織數(shù)據(jù)的詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)模型，定義所有數(shù)據(jù)屬性，列出全部數(shù)據(jù)類別，表示數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)體間所有的業(yè)務(wù)聯(lián)系，確定描述數(shù)據(jù)完整性的全部規(guī)則。在分析階段，還要檢查概念數(shù)據(jù)模型（在后面也稱作概念模式）與用來(lái)解釋目標(biāo)信息系統(tǒng)其他方面的模型類別的一致性，例如處理步驟、處理數(shù)據(jù)的規(guī)則以及時(shí)間的時(shí)序。然而，即使是這樣詳細(xì)的概念數(shù)據(jù)模型也只是初步的，

44、因?yàn)楹罄m(xù)的信息系統(tǒng)生命周期中的活動(dòng)在設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)、報(bào)表、顯示和查詢時(shí)可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)遺漏的元素或錯(cuò)誤。因此，經(jīng)常說到的概念數(shù)據(jù)建模是以一種自頂向下的方式完成的，它由業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域的一般理解所驅(qū)動(dòng)，而不是由特定的信息處理活動(dòng)所驅(qū)動(dòng)。 1.3邏輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)邏輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)從兩個(gè)角度進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開發(fā)。首先，將概念數(shù)據(jù)模型變換成基于關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)理論的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)表示方法關(guān)系。然后像設(shè)計(jì)信息系統(tǒng)的每個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序（包括程序的輸入和輸出格式）那樣，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持的事務(wù)、報(bào)表、顯示和查詢進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的檢查。在這個(gè)所謂的自底向上的分析中，精確地驗(yàn)證數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中需要維護(hù)的數(shù)據(jù)和在每個(gè)事務(wù)、報(bào)表等等中需要的那些數(shù)據(jù)的性質(zhì)。對(duì)于每個(gè)單獨(dú)的報(bào)表、事務(wù)等等的分

45、析都要考慮一個(gè)特定的、有限制的但是完全的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)視圖。當(dāng)報(bào)表、事務(wù)等被分析時(shí)有可能根據(jù)需要而改變概念數(shù)據(jù)模型。尤其在大型的項(xiàng)目中，不同的分析人員和系統(tǒng)開發(fā)者的團(tuán)隊(duì)可以獨(dú)立地工作在不同的程序或程序集中，他們所有工作的細(xì)節(jié)直到邏輯設(shè)計(jì)階段才可能會(huì)顯示出來(lái)。在這種情況下，邏輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)階段必須將原始的概念數(shù)據(jù)模型和這些獨(dú)立的用戶視圖合并或集成到一個(gè)全面的設(shè)計(jì)中。在進(jìn)行邏輯信息系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)也可以確定額外的信息處理需求，此時(shí)這些新的需求必須集成到前面確定的邏輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)中。邏輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)的最后一步是根據(jù)為生成結(jié)構(gòu)良好的數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)格說明而確定的規(guī)則，將組合的、協(xié)商后的數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)格說明轉(zhuǎn)換成基本的或原子的元素。對(duì)當(dāng)今的

46、大部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)而言，這些規(guī)則來(lái)自關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)理論和稱作規(guī)范化的過程。這一步的結(jié)果是產(chǎn)生管理這些數(shù)據(jù)的、不引用任何數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)的完整的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)描述圖。在完成邏輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)后，開始確定詳細(xì)的計(jì)算機(jī)程序的邏輯和維護(hù)、報(bào)告數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)內(nèi)容所需的查詢。1.4物理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)和定義物理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)和定義階段決定計(jì)算機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器（通常是磁盤）中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的組織，定義數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)的物理結(jié)構(gòu)，概述處理事務(wù)的程序，產(chǎn)生期望的管理信息和決策支持的報(bào)表。本階段的目標(biāo)是設(shè)計(jì)能夠有效、安全地管理所有數(shù)據(jù)處理的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，因此物理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)需緊密結(jié)合物理信息系統(tǒng)其他方面的設(shè)計(jì)，包括程序、計(jì)算機(jī)硬件、操作系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。1.5數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)現(xiàn)階段編寫、測(cè)試和安裝處理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的程