unit全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第二版綜合教程PPT學(xué)習(xí)課件

1、B R _ English Song _ main,English Song Abraham, Martin he was the youngest to die.,B R _ People in the Song 3,2. John F. Kennedy,John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the thirty-fifth president of the US. In his Inaugural Address (就職演說(shuō)) he said: “Ask not what your country can do for you ask what you can do fo

2、r your country.” As President, he took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights, calling for new civil rights legislation.,Dr. King was a pivotal (關(guān)鍵) figure in the Civil Rights Movement. His lectures and dialogues stirred (激起) the concern and sparked the conscience of a generation. In one of hi

3、s speeches, he said, “I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged,judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. I have a dream today. I have a dream that . one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black gir

4、ls will be able to join hands with the little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today.”,B R _ People in the Song 4,3. Martin Luther King,Dr. King was shot while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968. Dr. King was in Memp

5、his to help lead sanitation workers in a protest against low wages and intolerable working conditions.,B R _ People in the Song 5,Kennedy enforced a Federal court order admitting the first African American student James Meredith to the University of Mississippi. The riot (暴動(dòng)) that had followed Mered

6、iths registration (注冊(cè)) had left two dead and hundreds injured. Robert Kennedy saw voting as the key,B R _ People in the Song 6,4. Bobby Kennedy,Bobby Kennedy or Robert F. Kennedy, was the brother of President John F. Kennedy. He was appointed attorney general (司法部長(zhǎng)) of the United States in the early

7、 1960s. In September 1962, Attorney General,to racial (種族的) justice (正義) and collaborated (合作) with President Kennedy when he proposed the most far-reaching civil rights statute since Reconstruction, The Civil Rights Act of 1964, passed after President Kennedy was slain on November 22, 1963. Robert

8、Francis Kennedy was slain on June 5, 1968 at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California. He was 42 years old. Although his life was cut short, Robert Kennedys vision and ideals live on today.,B R _ People in the Song 7,1. What is an underground railroad in the normal sense? 2. What is this unde

9、rground railroad special for? 3. Can you imagine what this railroad was built for?,B R _ Text Prediction 1,Text Prediction,Read the introductory part of the text and think about the following questions.,In 2004 a center in honor of the “underground railroad” opens in Cincinnati. The railroad was unu

10、sual. It sold no tickets and had no trains. Yet it carried thousands of passengers to the destination of their dreams.,B R _ Text Prediction 2,4. What probably are the dreams of the passengers? 5. What probably is the destination of their dreams? 6. What is the text probably about?,B R _ Map Reading

11、 1,Map Reading,Read the following three maps and answer the following questions.,Click to see big picture.,B R _ Map Reading 2,1. Find the following states:,Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia.,2. Which states are mo

12、st densely populated with slaves?,Which part do these states belong to, the Northern States or the Southern States?,3. Where did most slaves want to go?,B R _ Map Reading 3,B R _ Map Reading 4,B R _ Map Reading 5,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 1,Timeline of Slavery,1619 Slaves in Virginia Africans brough

13、t to Jamestown are the first slaves imported into Britains North American colonies. 1705 Slaves as Property Describing slaves as real estate, Virginia lawmakers allowed owners to bequeath their slaves. The same law allowed masters to “kill and destroy” runaways.,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 2,1775 Amer

14、ican Revolution Began Battles at the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord on April 19 sparked the war for American independence from Britain. 1776 Declaration of Independence The Continental Congress asserted “that these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent Stat

15、es”.,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 3,1783 American Revolution EndedBritain and the infant United States signed the Peace of Paris treaty. 1808 United States Banned Slave TradeImporting African slaves was outlawed, but smuggling continued. 1860 Abraham Lincoln ElectedAbraham Lincoln of Illinois became th

16、e first Republican to win the United States Presidency.,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 4,18611865 United States Civil WarFour years of brutal conflict claimed 623,000 lives. 1863 The Emancipation ProclamationPresident Abraham Lincoln decreed that all slaves in rebel territory were free on January 1, 1863

17、. 1865 Slavery AbolishedThe 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution outlawed slavery.,The Underground Railroad was not underground. Because escaping slaves and the people who helped them were technically breaking the law, they had to stay out of sight. They went “underground” in terms of co

18、ncealing their actions. Sometimes they even hid in unusual places. Many clever and creative ideas helped slaves during their escape. When abolitionist (廢奴主義者) John Fairfield needed to sneak (偷偷摸摸地進(jìn)行) 28 slaves over the roads near Cincinnati, he hired a hearse (靈車(chē)) and disguised the group as a funera

19、l procession.,B R _ The Underground Railroad 1,The Underground Railroad,1. General Information,B R _ The Underground Railroad 2,Henry “Box” Brown, a slave, had himself shipped from Richmond to Philadelphia in a wooden box.,2. Routes to Freedom,The routes the slaves traveled appear in this map. The t

20、rip is 560 miles (900 kilometers) long. A strong, lucky runaway might have made it to freedom in two months. For others, especially in bad weather, the trek (跋涉) might have lasted a year.,B R _ The Underground Railroad 3,B R _ The Underground Railroad 4,B R _ The Underground Railroad 5,Uncle Toms Ca

21、bin, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, is one of the most famous and popular pieces of Civil War literature. Drawn from selected pieces of real life anecdotes, Uncle Toms Cabin was a book that drew many people into the fight over the institution of slavery. Northerners hailed (歡呼) the book, while so

22、uthern slaveholders abhorred it.,B R _ Uncle Toms Cabin,Uncle Toms Cabin,G R _ main,True or False,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,G R _ Further Understanding,Further Understanding,Text Analysis,Questions and Answers,G R _ True or False 1,True or False,1. Just like Uncle Tom in Uncle

23、Toms Cabin, Josiah Henson was a long-suffering slave who was unwilling to stand up for himself.,F,According to Barbara Carter, Josiah Henson was a man of principle and totally different from Uncle Tom.,( ),2. All the men and women who forged the Underground Railroad were blacks.,F,Some whites were d

24、riven by religious convictions and took part in this movement.,( ),G R _ True or False 2,3. These railroad conductors were frequently faced with death threats and warnings from the local government.,T,( ),4. Many fugitives chose Canada as their primary destination because slavery had been abolished

25、there.,T,( ),G R _ Part Division of the Text,Part Division of the Text,Parts,Para(s),Main Ideas,1,15,It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.,2,623,By citing examples the author praises the expl

26、oits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.,G R _ Questions and Answers 1,Questions and Answers,Uncle Tom was an enduring slave and unwilling to struggle for himself, while Josiah Henson did what he believed was right and took an active part in the anti-

27、slavery movement.,1. Both Josiah Henson and Uncle Tom were slaves. But in the eyes of Barbara Carter, they were different. In what way was Josiah Henson different from Uncle Tom?,G R _ Questions and Answers 2,In the Bible, Moses was the leader who brought the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and l

28、ed them to the Promised Land. Just like Moses, Henson helped hundreds of slaves escape to Canada and liberty, so he was called an African-American Moses.,2. Why was Henson called an African-American Moses?,The Underground Railroad was a secret web of escape routes and safe houses. Many men and women

29、, including both the blacks and whites, together forged it.,3. What was the Underground Railroad? Who forged it?,G R _ Questions and Answers 3,Because most of them remain too little remembered and their exploits are still largely unsung.,4. Why does the author want to tell the readers the stories of

30、 the heroes of the Underground Railroad?,G R _ Text Analysis 1,Text Analysis,In this part, the author tells the stories of three civil-rights heroes. Who are they? Give the main idea of each story.,Stories,Main Ideas,1,After winning his own freedom from slavery, John Parker helped other slaves escap

31、e north to Canada to get freedom.,Heroes,Para(s),John Parker,610,G R _ Text Analysis 2,Stories,Main Ideas,3,Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves escape at huge risk to himself.,Heroes,Para(s),Josiah Henson,1623,2,Levi Coffin,1115,By traveling the

32、Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last.,A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house. Alongside me was a slender woman in a black dress, my guide back to a time when the surrounding settlement in Dresden, Ontari

33、o, was home to a hero in American history. As we walked toward a plain gray church, Barbara Carter spoke,proudly of her great-great-grandfather, Josiah Henson. “He was confident that the Creator intended all men to be created equal. And he never gave up struggling for that freedom.”,D R _ Text 1,THE

34、 FREEDOM GIVERS,Fergus M. Bordewich,Carters devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor. For Josiah Henson has lived on through the character in American fiction that he helped inspire: Uncle Tom, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms

35、Cabin. Ironically, that character has come to symbolize everything Henson was not. A racial sellout unwilling to stand up for himself? Carter gets angry at the thought. “Josiah Henson was a man of principle,” she said firmly.,D R _ Text 2,I had traveled here to Hensons last home now a historic site

36、that Carter formerly directed to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African-American Moses. After winning his own freedom from slavery, Henson secretly helped hundreds of other slaves to escape north to Canada and liberty. Many settled here in Dresden with him. Yet this stop was only p

37、art of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South. Between 1820 and 1860, as many as 100,0

38、00 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom.,D R _ Text 3,D R _ Text 4,In October 2000, President Clinton authorized $16 million for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U. S.,The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And

39、 its about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. I was intent on telling their stories.,D R _ Text 5,John Parker tensed when he heard the soft knock. Peering out his door into the night, he recognized the face of a trusted

40、 neighbor. “Theres a party of escaped slaves hiding in the woods,in Kentucky, twenty miles from the river,” the man whispered urgently. Parker didnt hesitate. “Ill go,” he said, pushing a pair of pistols into his pockets.,Born a slave two decades before, in the 1820s, Parker had been taken from his

41、mother at age eight and forced to walk in chains from Virginia to Alabama, where he was sold on the slave market. Determined to live free someday, he managed to get trained in iron molding. Eventually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom. Now, by day, Parker wor

42、ked in an iron foundry in the Ohio port of Ripley. By night he was a “conductor” on the Underground Railroad, helping people slip by the slave hunters. In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive.,D R _ Text 6,Crossing the Ohio River on that chilly n

43、ight, Parker found ten fugitives frozen with fear. “Get your bundles and follow me,” he told them, leading the eight men and two women toward the river. They had almost reached shore,D R _ Text 7,Parker saw a small boat and, with a shout, pushed the escaping slaves into it. There was room for all bu

44、t two. As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forced to leave behind.,shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.,The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take t

45、hem to the next “station” on the Underground Railroad the first leg of their journey to safety in Canada. Over the course of his life, John Parker guided more than 400 slaves to safety. While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by relig

46、ious convictions. Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina, explained, “The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color.”,D R _ Text 8,D R _ Text 9,In the 1820s Coffin moved west to Newport (now Fountain City), Indiana, where he opened a store. Word s

47、pread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home. At times he sheltered as many as 17 fugitives at once, and he kept a team and wagon ready to convey them on the next leg of their journey. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the Gran

48、d Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad.,D R _ Text 10,For his efforts, Coffin received frequent death threats and warnings that his store and home would be burned. Nearly every conductor faced similar risks or worse. In the North, a magistrate might have imposed a fine or a brief jail senten

49、ce for aiding those escaping. In the Southern states, whites were sentenced to months or even years in jail. One courageous Methodist minister, Calvin Fairbank, was imprisoned for more than 17 years in Kentucky, where he kept a log of his beatings: 35,105 stripes with the whip.,As for the slaves, es

50、cape meant a journey of hundreds of miles through unknown country, where they were usually easy to recognize. With no road signs and few maps, they had to put their trust in directions passed by word of mouth and in secret signs nails driven into trees, for example that conductors used to mark the r

51、oute north.,Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder. Quakers often dressed their “passengers,” both male and female, in gray dresses, deep bonnets and,and full veils. On one occasion, Levi Coffin was transporting so many runaway slaves that he disguis

52、ed them as a funeral procession.,D R _ Text 11,D R _ Text 12,Canada was the primary destination for many fugitives. Slavery had been abolished there in 1833, and Canadian authorities encouraged the runaways to settle their vast virgin land. Among them was Josiah Henson. As a boy in Maryland, Henson

53、watched as his entire family was sold to different buyers, and he saw his mother harshly beaten when she tried to keep him with her. Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owners regard.,D R _ Text 13,Money problems eventually compelled his master to send Henson, hi

54、s wife and children to a brother in Kentucky. After laboring there for several years, Henson heard alarming news: the new master was planning to sell him for plantation work far away in the Deep South. The slave would be separated forever from his family. There was only one answer: flight. “I knew t

55、he North Star,” Henson wrote years later. “Like the star of Bethlehem, it announced where my salvation lay. ”,At huge risk, Henson and his wife set off with their four children. Two weeks later, starving and exhausted, the family reached Cincinnati, where they made contact with members of the Underg

56、round Railroad. “Carefully they provided for our welfare, and then they set us thirty miles on our way by wagon.” The Hensons continued north, arriving at last in Buffalo, N. Y. There a friendly captain pointed across the Niagara River. “Do you see those trees? he said. They grow on free soil.” He g

57、ave Henson a dollar and arranged for a boat, which carried the slave and his family across the river to Canada.,D R _ Text 14,“I threw myself on the ground, rolled in the sand and danced around, till, in the eyes of several who were present, I passed for a madman. Hes some crazy fellow, said a Colon

58、el Warren.” “Oh, no! Dont you know? Im free!”,D R _ Text 15,D R _ Sentence 1 _ Josiah Henson was ,Paraphrase the sentence.,Josiah Henson observed/followed moral principles.,Josiah Henson was a man of principle.,D R _ Sentence 2 _ I had traveled ,1. Who was Moses?,In the Old Testament, Moses was the

59、Hebrew prophet and lawgiver who led the Israelites out of Egypt.,I had traveled here to Hensons last home now a historic site that Carter formerly directed to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African-American Moses.,2. Why was Henson called an African-American Moses?,Henson, a black

60、who lived in America, helped other blacks escape from the US.,D R _ Sentence 3 _ Josiah Henson is ,Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad,What is the part of speech of but in this sentence? And what does but mean?,Here bu