一些中藥的英語(yǔ)翻譯

1、Chinese Medical Herbs,The origin of the Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Development of the Science of TCM,Dating back to the ancient China, our ancestor wrote the “Fifty-two disease party(五十二病方）”, which records more than 300 prescriptions and 200 kinds of drugs. Besides, in the book “Rites of Z

2、hou(周禮）”,there are some contents about “the five flavors , the five cereals (rice ,two kinds of millet, wheat and beans.)”,Collect and process of TCM（中藥的采制）,Processing（炮制）,preparation （制劑）,The Performance of the TCM(中藥的性能）,It can also called drug properties(藥性）, and it mainly conclude “four natures

3、of drugs（四氣）”，“the five flavors(五味）”，“channel tropism trupizm （歸經(jīng)）”，“ascending and descending, floating and sinking （升降浮沉）”，“toxicity（毒性）”，and etc.,Four Natures of Drugs（四氣）,It refers to the four properties of drugs, that is, cold, hot ,warm and cool. It reflects the bodys effect of inclination(作用傾向

4、）of the ups and downs of Yin and Yang （陰陽(yáng)盛衰）and the Semi-interior phase change(寒熱變化）after the drugs acting on the body.,In the book “Sheng Nongs herbal classic(神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)），there is a basic principle in treating Cold symptoms（真熱假寒證），which is that “ Treat the cold with hot medicine, treat the hot with cold

5、 medicine.（療寒以熱藥，療熱以寒藥）”,The Five Flavors（五味）,It contains five basic herbal medicines in a prescription（藥味）pungent，sweet, sour, bitter, and salty . It can divided into two parts,Yin : pungent， sweet,Yang： sour, bitter, and salty,The efficacities（功效） of five flavors,Pungent：functions of volatilizatio

6、n（發(fā)散），promoting the circulation of Qi（行氣），invigorating the circulation of blood（活血），and etc. Its always used to treat Exterior Syndrome(表證），such as herba ephedra（麻黃）. Sweet: functions of tonifying（補(bǔ)益），harmonizing the middle warmer（和中），regulating herbal property （調(diào)和藥性）and alleviating pain(緩急止痛）.,The

7、efficacities（功效） of five flavors（2）,Sour: has the actions of astringing（收斂），inducing astringency（固澀）. Bitter: has the functions of depriving the evil wetness(燥濕），discharging the defecation(通泄大便）. Salt: functions of softening hardness to dissipate stagnation(軟堅(jiān)散結(jié)） and defecation.,The Philosophic Foun

8、dation ofTCM- wu xing theory,Metal One of the five phases with which the season autumn the color white the taste acridity-pungent and the lung and large intestine in the body are associated.,Wood One of the five phases with which the season spring the color blue or green the taste sourness and the l

9、iver and gallbladder in the body are associated,Fire One of the five phases with which the season summer the color red the taste bitterness and the heart and small intestine in the body are associated,Water (1) One of the five phases with which the season winter the color black the taste saltiness a

10、nd the kidney and bladder in the body are associated; (2)Pathologic aspect of body fluid,Earth One of the five phases with which the season of late summer the color yellow the taste sweetness and the spleen and stomach in the body are associated.,Ascending and Descending, Floating and Sinking （升降浮沉）

11、,It refers to the drugs four different function trend （up ,down, inside and ouside)to the body.,Channel Tropism trupizm (歸經(jīng)),It refers to the drugs selective function to some part of the body. That is to say ,one kind of drug has a main or special treating function for the pathological changes（病變）of

12、 some organs and meridians （臟腑器官).,Toxicity（毒性）,It has two meaning in history.,: the bias ( 偏性）that the drug has when used in treating diseases.,:the adverse effect（不良影響）and the damage that the drug do to the body.,The application of TCM,Compatibility of medicines(配伍）：means that making use of two or

13、 more than two kinds of drugs selectively according to different needs and different features of the patients condition. It can be concluded by seven aspects, which called the “seven emotions” of the drugs.,The Compatibility of Herbs( seven emotions),Single application （單行） Synergism （相須） Mutual ass

14、istance（相使） Mutual inhibition（相畏） Mutual detoxification（相殺） Mutual antagonism（相惡） Incompatibility（相反）,Contraindication in Using Herbs(用藥禁忌）, Incompatibility ： - eighteen incompatible medicaments（十八反） -nineteen counteraction（十九畏） Contraindication during pregnancy（妊娠用藥禁忌） Dietary Taboos during taking

15、the medicine （服藥時(shí)的飲食禁忌）:,Dosage and usage,The usage: - Decoction（煎煮方法） Be decocted first（先煎） Put the medicine next （后下） Drug wrapped during decocted（包煎） ,Exterior-releasing medicine(解表藥),It refers a category of medicines that have the effect of dispelling external pathogen from the exterior aspect o

16、f the body, usually from sweating .,Wind-cold dispersing medicine (發(fā)散風(fēng)寒藥）,Wind-heat dispersing medicine （發(fā)散風(fēng)熱藥）,Wind-cold-dispersing medicine,Example Ginger（生姜）,Drug Properties: Pungent, warm. In the liver, stomach, spleen.,Efficacy： warming middle energizer arrest vomiting(溫中止嘔）， Exterior-releasing

17、 ,and dissipating cold (解表散寒）,Application: ） vomiting due to coldness in stomach （胃寒嘔吐） ）cold cough（風(fēng)寒咳嗽） ）common cold due to wind-cold（風(fēng)寒感冒）,草類及葉類中藥 葉類指干，枯，嫩葉，如苦竹葉和側(cè)柏葉；單復(fù)葉如番瀉葉，都統(tǒng)稱Folium。,Wind-heat dispersing medicine,Example: Folium Mori,Drug Properties: sweet,bitter,cold. In liver, lung.,Efficacy：

18、 dispelling wind and heat from the body （疏散風(fēng)熱），clearing the lung and moistening dryness（清肺潤(rùn)燥），Liver Eyesight（清肝明目，restrain the liver Yang （平抑肝陽(yáng)）,Application: Wind-heat exterior syndrome （風(fēng)熱表證） cough with lung heat （肺熱咳嗽），cough caused by dryness-heat（燥熱咳嗽）and so on.,Heat-clearing medicinal material（清

19、熱藥）,Definition ：a category of medicine that have the effect of clearing up internal heat in cases of externally contracted febrile diseases or fever due to yin deficiency.,Heat-clearing and fire-clearing drug（清熱瀉火）,Heat-clearing and damp-drying drug （清熱燥濕）,Clearing away heat and toxic material（清熱解毒）

20、,Removing pathogenic heat from blood drug（清熱涼血）,中草藥（Chinese herbal medicines),中藥的譯名國(guó)際上是根據(jù)動(dòng)植物學(xué)名中屬名或種名加上其根，莖，花，實(shí)，葉，皮及全草等藥用部分共同組成的。,根類中藥,板藍(lán)根 Radix 黃連 Rhizoma 連翹 Forsythia 甘草 Licorice,莖類中藥,竹茹 Caulis 桑寄生 Cacumen 通草 Medulla,皮類中藥,桔梗 Dry orange peel 阿膠（驢皮）Corium 丹皮Cortex radicis 陳皮 Pericarpium,花類中藥,紅花 Flos

21、夏枯草 Spica 金銀花 Gemma,果實(shí)及種子類中藥,櫻桃核 Nux 柿蒂Calyx 肉豆蔻 Semen,中醫(yī)藥藥劑的英語(yǔ)譯名,1.藥劑專用詞（Medicine terms) 浸膏 extractum 氣霧劑 aerosolum 膠囊劑 capsulae 水劑 solution,茶，酒（drinks, tonic),長(zhǎng)壽長(zhǎng)樂補(bǔ)酒 Happy Longevity Tonic 龜壽酒 Tortoise Longevity Tonic 藥酒 medicated wine 人參茶 Renshen Drink (花旗參茶 Ginseng root tea) 蟻寶茶 Ant Essence Drink

22、 涼茶 herbal tea,素，精（extracts),烏雞精 Black-Bone Chicken Tonic 蜂王精 Roy extracts 蜂王漿 Spirits of honey,沖劑，湯，水，液或露(syrup),板蘭根沖劑 Banlangen Drink 藿香正氣水 Herbal Agastachis Syrup,洗劑，搽劑（Lotion),膏藥 Plaster 防曬油 Sunlotion,中藥音譯,逍遙散 Xiaoyao Powder 二陳湯 Erchen Decoction,中藥音譯混譯,貴州神奇 Guizhou Wonder Drugs 中國(guó)藥膳 Chinese herb

23、al cuisine,直譯,玉瓶散 Jade Screen Powders 小青龍散 Small Blue Dragon Powder,中藥其他譯法,1.以所含主要藥加上功能來命名 丹參注射液 Intejectio Salviae Miltiorrhizae 2.以研制者姓名加上主要藥的藥名或功能來命名 陰虛丸 Pills for yin Asthenia,3.以藥物產(chǎn)地來命名 天臺(tái)烏藥散 Powder of Tiantai Linderae 4.以方劑主治病癥來命名 清風(fēng)散 Powder for Dispersing Wind-Evil 5.以方劑的形狀，顏色來命名 紫雪丹 Purple-s

24、now Pellet,6.中藥醫(yī)療器械 減肥腰帶 diet medicinal belt 7.以所含藥物數(shù)加方劑的功能來譯 六味地黃丸 Pill of six drugs containing rehmanniae praeparata,醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)翻譯,國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局 State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine 中國(guó)中醫(yī)藥行政主管部門。 中華中醫(yī)藥學(xué)會(huì) China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy 中國(guó)中醫(yī)藥全國(guó)性學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體。 世界針灸學(xué)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì) The

25、World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies 中國(guó)針灸國(guó)際性學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體。,中國(guó)針灸學(xué)會(huì) China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 中國(guó)針灸全國(guó)性學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體。 中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合學(xué)會(huì) Chinese Association of the Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine 中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合全國(guó)性學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體。 中國(guó)民族醫(yī)藥學(xué)會(huì) Chinese Association of Minority Medicine 中國(guó)少數(shù)民族醫(yī)藥全國(guó)性學(xué)術(shù)

26、團(tuán)體。,小組介紹,主講人： 李輝 范佳慧 材料整理：王薇 ppt制作： 高珊 我們的口號(hào)： 我們很年輕，我們很直溜！ ！,The efficacities（功效） of five flavors（2）,Sour: has the actions of astringing（收斂），inducing astringency（固澀）. Bitter: has the functions of depriving the evil wetness(燥濕），discharging the defecation(通泄大便）. Salt: functions of softening hardness t

27、o dissipate stagnation(軟堅(jiān)散結(jié)） and defecation.,Water (1) One of the five phases with which the season winter the color black the taste saltiness and the kidney and bladder in the body are associated; (2)Pathologic aspect of body fluid,Earth One of the five phases with which the season of late summer the color yellow the taste sweetness and the spleen and stomach in the body are associated.,Ascending and Descending, Floating and Sinking （升降浮沉）,It refer