2019-2020學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)人教版必修5專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解Word版含答案

1、閱讀理解1、StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakes sense whenyou considerthathes an environmentalscientistwho studies how toreducelitter,including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What iseven more interestingisthatone ofSteinsjobsisdefendingan industrybe

2、hindthe plastic shopping bag.Americansuse more than 100 billionthin filmplasticbags every year.So manyend up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do notallow them at checkouts(收銀臺(tái) ) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities inCalifornia, including Los Angeles. Eyeing

3、these headwinds, plastic-bag makers arehiringscientistslikeSteintomake thecase thattheirproductsarenot asbadfor the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers argument: many cities with bans still allowshopperstopurchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require moreenergytoproduce an

4、d transport.And whileplasticbags may be uglytolookat,they represent a small percentage of allgarbageon the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as itsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.The strongera reusablebag is,thelongeritslifeand themore plastic-baguse itca

5、ncels out. However, longer-lastingreusablebags often require more energytomake. One study found that a cotton bag mustbe used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalistsdontdispute(be banned someday too and want shoppers 1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do? A.H

6、elp increase grocery sales.B.Recycle the waste material.C.Stop things falling off trucks.D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.質(zhì)疑 ) these points.They hope paper bags willtouse thesame reusablebags foryears.2.What does the word“headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Bans on plastic bags.B.Effects of city

7、development.C.Headaches caused by garbage.D.Plastic bags hung in trees.3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A.They are quite expensive.B.Replacing them can be difficult.C.They are less strong than plastic bags.D.Producing them requires more energy.4.What is the b

8、est title for the text?A.Plastic, Paper or NeitherB.Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC.Recycle or Throw AwayD.Garbage Collection and Waste Control2、As we all know, Stephen Hawking writes the book A Brief History of Time thatexplains the origin of the universe. The book spent 147 weeks on The New Y

9、ork Times Best Seller List and has sold 10 million copies. He is, most agree, very smart.In his recently published autobiography My Brief History, Hawking offers fourlife lessons on how to become a genius.（ 1）Dontmiss opportunitiesby beingtoo cool“We showed an airofcompleteboredom and the feeling th

10、at nothing was worth making an effort for. One result of my illness has been to change all that. When you are faced with the possibility ofan early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and that there are lots of things you want to do. M Seize the moment, as Oxford would say.(2) Keep

11、 it simpleWhen writing A Brief History of Time, he tried to make science understandablefor the rest of the US.“Iwas sure that nearly everyone is interested in how the universe operates,but most people cannot follow mathematical equations(數(shù)學(xué)公式 ). ” He has troublewiththem,too.“ Thisispartlybecauseitis

12、difficultfor me to writethem down,butmainlybecauseIdonthave an inbornfeelingforequations.My aim inthebookwas todescribethesemental imagesinwords. Itissuch an easy book thateverybodycan understandit.” The moral:you donthave to be a genius toknow everything.(3) Have funHawking has a longhistoryofbeing

13、a joker,and he has placedlotsofbetswithotherscientistson thenatureofblackholes.One was withCal-Tech scientistJohnPreskill. After paying off his bet by giving Preskill a baseball encyclopedia,Hawking wrote,“ Butmaybe I shouldhave justgivenhim theashes. ” Solightenup!Geniuses like bad jokes too.(4) Al

14、ways look for a silver lining（even if you are seriously ill)Hawkings disease has slowly robbedhim of theabilityto walk, move his arms,even speak But Hawking says.“In some ways I guess my disabilityI havent had to lecture or teach students, and I havent had to sit in meetings.has been an assist:So I

15、have been able to devote myself completelyto research.” In otherwords,Hawkingwas given lemons，and he made Champagne.1. The passage tells us the facts about A Brief History of Time EXCEPT that.A. it explained the origin of the universeB. it has sold 10 million copies up to nowC. it spent 147 weeks on

16、 The New York Times Best Seller ListD. it included Hawkings four life lessons on how to become a genius2.Accordingtothe passage,which ofthe followingstatementsis guidingto be a genius?youA. Place lots of bets with your friends.B. Seize the moment to learn everything.C. Find something good even in ba

17、d situations.D. Get to know everything including mathematical equations.3.Hawking shows his viewpoint by.A. making comparisonsB. quoting a famous sayingC. listing the numbers and equationsD. talking about his own experience4. Which of the following statements is true?A. Hawking was unable to walk gr

18、adually.B. Hawking tried to make physics understandable.C.Most people think he isnt smart enough.D. He has been able to devote himself to maths.3、One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience. This idea has inspired the award-winni

19、ng photographer Andrew Zuckerman. He interviewed and took photos of fiftyover-sixty-five-year-olds all over the world. His project explores various aspects of their lives. The photos and interviews are now available on our website.Click on the introductions to read the complete interviews.Let us now

20、 have a culture of peace.Federico Mayor Zaragoza,SpainFederico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy(藥學(xué) ) from theComplutense University of Madrid in 1958. After many years spent in politics, hebecame Director-General of UNESCO in 1987. In 1999,he created the Foundation fora Cultureof Peac

21、e, of which he isnow the president.In additionto many scientificpublications,he has publishedfourcollectionsof poems and severalbooks of essays.Writing is a discovery.Nadine Gordimer,South AfricaDue to a weak heart,Nadine Gordimer attendedschooland universitybriefly.She read widely and began writing

22、 at an early age. She published her first short story at the age of fifteen, and has completed a large number of works, which have been translated into forty languages. In 1991, Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.Jazz is about the only form of art today.Dave Brubeck,USADave Brubeck studied

23、music at the University of the Pacific and graduatedin 1942. After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz. In 1951, he recordedhis firstalbum( 專(zhuān)輯 ).Brubecks 1959 album has become a jazzstan dard.He receiveda Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.1. Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty

24、 elders for his project? A.Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on.B.Because they are physically impressive. C.Because their accomplishments inspired him. D.Because they have similar experiences.2.According to the web page, Federico Mayor Zaragoza_. A.has won many awards for his work in politi

25、csB.has served as the president of a university C.has devoted all his life to the field of science D.has made achievements in different areas3.Who most probably said“My education has been the library and books” in theinterview when reflecting on his/her experience?A.Andrew Zuckerman.B.Federico Mayor

26、 Zaragoza.C.Nadine Gordimer.D.Dave Brubeck.4.What is the main purpose of this web page?A.To show Zuckerman s awards.B.To publicize Zuckermans project.C.To spread the wisdom of the three people.D.To celebrate the achievements of the three people.4、A world-famous Canadian author, Margaret Atwood, has

27、created the worlds firstlong-distance signing device(裝置 ), the LongPen.Aftermany tiringbook-signingtoursfrom cityto city,Atwood thoughttheremust be a better way to do them. She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2004. Together they designed the LongPen. Heres how it works: T

28、heauthor writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet(手寫(xiě)板 ) usinga special pen. On the receiving end, in another city, a robotic arm fitted with aregular pen signs the book. The author and fan can talk with each othervia webcams(網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像機(jī) ) and computer screens.Work on the LongPen began

29、in Atwoods basement( 地下室). At first, they hadno idea it would as hard as it turned out to be. The device went through several versions, including one that actually had smoke coming out of it. The inventingfinally completed, test runs were made in Ottawa, and the LongPen was officiallylaunched at the

30、 2006 London Book Fair.From here,Atwood conductedtwo transatlanticbook signings of her latest book for fans in Toronto and New York City.The LongPen produces a unique signature each time because it copies themovement of the author in real time. It has several other potential applications. It could i

31、ncrease credit card security and allow people to sign contracts from another province. The video exchange between signer and receiver can he recordedon DVD for proof when legal documents are used.Its really fun, said the owner of a bookstore, who was present for one of the test runs. Obviously you c

32、ant shake hands with the author, but there are chances for a connection that you dont get from a regular book signing.The response to the inventionhasntbeen allfavorable.Atwood has receivedcriticism from authors who think shes trying to end book tours. But she said, It will be possible to go to plac

33、es that you never got sent to before because the publishers couldnt afford it.1.Why did Atwood decide to invent the LongPen?A.To set up her own company.B.To win herself greater popularity.C.To write her books in a new way.D.To make book signings less tiring.2.How does the LongPen work?A.It copies th

34、e authors signature and prints it on a book.B.It signs a book while receiving the authors signature.C.The webcam sends the authors signature to another city.D.The fan uses it to copy the authors signature himself.3.What do we know about the invention of the LongPen?A.It has been completed but not pu

35、t into use.B.The basement caught fire by accident.C.Some versions failed before its test run.D.The designers were well-prepared for the difficulty.4.How could the LongPen be used in the future?A.To draft legal documents.B.To improve credit card security.C.To keep a record of the authors ideas.D.To a

36、llow author and fan to exchange videos.5.What could be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6?A.Atwood doesn t mean to end book tours.B.Critics think the LongPen is of little use.C.Bookstore owners dont support the LongPen.D.Publishers dislike the LongPen for its high cost.5、The British live on a small is

37、land. They are surrounded by the sea, so it isnot surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives. After the development of large, ocean-going sailing ships in the fifteenth century, thesea became even more important to the countrys development. Ships set sail fromEngland

38、determined to extend Britains territories, its wealth and its knowledgeof the world. Ships returned to England bringing goods, people and new ideas fromforeign places. By the nineteenth century, Britain had the largest, most powerful navy in the world.The great sailing ships were so much a part of B

39、ritish life that they even affected the language. Many English expressions we use today were originallynautical (航海的 )terms, although most people no longer realize this. For example,people commonly describean honestand fair businessdealas being aboveboard.Thisexpressionwas originallyused insailingsh

40、iptimeswhen secretive,dishonestship s business would be carriedout below decks (i. e. below the boards ) outof publicview.On the other hand,honestbusinesswas alwaysconducted on deck (abovethe boards) , in the open where everyone could see what was going on.Pipedown !,meaning” Be quiet!,isanothe rcom

41、monexpressionthathasnauticalorigins.The ship s boatswain( 水手長(zhǎng) )wouldblowa whistle,orpipe,attheend of the day to indicate (表明 )to the sailors it was time to quieten down and goto sleep.Most native English-speakers have heard the expression not enough room toswing a cat , but few know that the cat doe

42、s not refer to a small furry animalwithfourlegsand a tail.The catisactuallya shortformof cat ofninetails* a whip with nine, knotted (打結(jié)的 )tails. A boatswain needed a lot of space inordertoswingthewhipproperlywhen lashing( 鞭打 )a poorsailorunderhiscontrol!1.The British have been strongly influenced by

43、 the sea because.A.they occupied more land around the worldB.they got more wealth from the seaC.they live on an island surrounded by the seaD.they had the largest navy ever2.If someone is open and aboveboard, it means he is.A.secretiveB.honestC.cheerfulD.dishonest3.Which of the following is TRUE acc

44、ording to the passage?A.You need to go to sleep when asked to pipe down.B.You will be whipped if you do business below decks.C.A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D.There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.4.The passage is mainly about.A.the business on British sailing shipsB.the infl

45、uence of British sailors language on EnglishC.the sailing history of EnglandD.the sailing story of British sailors6、There are many beautiful places in Europe worth visiting. Among them Greeceis right at the top. A vacation to Greece will give you everything you ever wantin a holiday. The attractive

46、hot springs, beautiful villages, rich history,deliciousseafood and beautifulbeachesare allhere.The streetsare alwaysalivewithmusic,fireworksand celebrations.Winteris the time to enjoysome greatskiing,with so many mountains around here that offer this sport.Spainisthesecondlargesttouristdestination(

47、目的地 ) in the world.It soneof thefirstcountriesintheworldto develop summer beachvacations.Spain,alongwithItaly,officiallyhas themost worldheritagesites, 42 to be exact. Withso many mountainsregions,Spain isbigwhen itcomes tothe wintervacation.Lastly,for great nightlife, youd love to be in Barcelona o

48、r Madrid.Switzerlandisthe most popularwinter destinationin theworld.Ithas 15,000miles running through mountainous regions. The Swiss Alps attract people from allover theworld.Ifyou thinkSwitzerlandisonlya winterholidaydestination,youremistaken. The same places are popular in summer too. Hiking is po

49、pular in summer.Switzerland is also proud of Jungfraujoch- the highest train station inEurope.Switzerlandhas developedan amazingtransportnetwork,and each and everymountain village can be got to by some kind of public transport.VeniceofItalyisanothergreat destination.Ithas an amazinghistoryandis famous foritsbeautifularchitecture.Thereare many old churches worthvisiting.Venice isalsofilledwithmany artgalleries.The Grand Canalisa longcanalthatruns right through the city. This is referred to as the most beautiful street inthe whole of Venice. The city, made up of 117 small islands, is amaz