幼師英語Unit1兒童的獨特性

1、The Uniqueness of Each Child 兒童的獨特性 Unit 1 Read the expressions for classroom management. （1）小朋友早。Good morning, kids. （2）小朋友好。Hello, kids. / Hi, kids. （3）你好嗎？How are you? （4）向問早安。Say good morning to . （5）和媽媽/爸爸/爺爺/奶奶再見。Say good-bye to your Mummy/Daddy/Granny/Grandpa 1 （6）請進。Come in, please. （7）請坐。Si

2、t down, please. （8）點名。Take roll. / Roll call. （9）都到齊了嗎？Is everyone here? （10）誰沒來? Who is not here? / Who is absent? （11）為什么遲到了？Why are you late? Play the following game for children.2 Have You Seen My Rabbit?（你看見我的兔子嗎？） Let the children sit in a circle. Teacher will move around outside the circle an

3、d taps somebody on the shoulder, asking, “Have you seen my rabbit?” The child be tapped should answer, “Yes, I have.”Teacher asks, “What is he/she wearing? ”This child should describe someones clothes in the circle, eggreen shirt, brown shoes, long trousers As soon as the one described recognizes hi

4、mself/herself, she/he must run away from the teacher. For example: Teacher: Have you seen my rabbit? Child: Yes, I have. Teacher: What is he/she wearing? Child: Hes wearing . Read the following story. 3 When I Get Bigger(當我長大) When I get bigger Ill be able to do lots of things. Ill go to the corner

5、store by myself and spend my allowance on things I want. Ill wait until the light is green. Then Ill look both ways for cars before I cross the street. Ill have my own watch and Ill tell everyone what time it is. Ill go on a bus to Grandma and Grandpas . Ill go to first grade. When I get bigger Ill

6、have a real leather football, my own radio, and a pair of super-pro roller skates. Ill have a two-wheeler and a paper route. Ill make lots of money. At the playground, Ill help the little kids on the swings. Ill pick out my own boots at the shoe store. Ill make a phone call and dial it myself. Ill o

7、rder something from a catalog and it will come in the mail. When I get bigger Ill camp out in the backyard all night long. Or Ill stay up to see the end of the late movies. Even if I get sleepy, I wont go to bed. But right now I have to go to bed, because Mom and Dad say, Im not bigger yet. Read the

8、 following rhymes. 4 There Was a Little Girl（有一個小女孩） There was a little girl, and she had a little curl, Right in the middle of her forehead. When she was good, she was very, very good, And when she was bad, she was horrid. There Was an Old Lady(有一個老婦人) There was an old lady who swallowed a fly, I d

9、ont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die. There was an old lady who swallowed a spider, That wriggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die. There was an old lady who swallowed a bird, How abs

10、urd, to swallow a bird! She swallowed the bird to catch the spider. etc. There was an old lady who swallowed a cat, Well, fancy that, she swallowed a cat! She swallowed the cat to catch the bird. etc There was an old lady who swallowed a dog, What a hog, to swallow a dog! She swallowed the dog to ca

11、tch the cat. etc. There was an old lady who swallowed a cow, I dont know how she swallowed a cow. She swallowed the cow to catch the dog. She swallowed the dog to catch the cat. She swallowed the cat to catch the bird. She swallowed the bird to catch the spider. That wriggled and wriggled and jiggle

12、d inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why he swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die. There was an old lady who swallowed a horse, Shes died of course. When I Was a Baby（當我是個嬰兒時） When I was a baby, a baby, a baby, When I was a baby, I used to cry. When I was a baby, a baby,

13、 a baby, When I was a baby, I used to cry. 5Read the following chants. Humpty Dumpty(矮胖子) Humpty Dumpty Sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty Had a great fall. All the kings horses And all the kings men. Couldnt put humpty Together again. Sing the following song.6 The More We Get Together(大家在一起越多) 1=F 3/4 1

14、3 | 5. 6 5 4 | 3 1 1 | 2 5 5 | 3 1 1 3 | . . The more we get to - ge- ther, to - ge ther, to - ge ther. The 6 5 4 | 3 1 1 | 2 5 5 | 1 1 | . . more we get to - ge - ther, the hap-pier well be. For 2 5 5 | 3 1 1 | 2 5 5 | 3 1 1 3 | . . . . your friends are my friends, and my friends are your friends,

15、The 5. 6 5 4 | 3 1 1 | 2 5 5 | . . more we get to- ge-ther, the happier well be. Questions for text discussion 1.Do you think it is important to develop childrens individuality? Why or why not? 2. In what ways can you help children demonstrate their individuality? uniqueness n. 唯一性, 獨特性 individual n

16、.個人, 個 adj. 個別的, 單獨的, 個人的 preschool adj. 未滿學齡的, 入學前的 n.幼兒園 shine v.照耀, 發(fā)光 olive n.橄欖樹, 橄欖枝, 橄欖色 researcher n.研究員 heredity n.遺傳，形質(zhì)遺傳 influence n.影響, 有影響的人(或事) vt. 影響，改變 appreciate vt.賞識, 鑒賞, 感激 sequence n.次序, 順序 patternn.式樣,模式， 樣品 temperament n.氣質(zhì), 性情 similar adj. 相似的, 類似的 timing n.適時, 時間選擇 specific

17、adj. 特定的, 明確的 reaction n.反應 curiosity n. 好奇心 contribute v.捐助, 貢獻 participate vi. 參與, 參加, 分享 factor n.因素, 要素 norm n. 標準, 規(guī)范 indicate vt. 表明, 顯示 range n. 范圍 achievement n. 成就, 功績 crawl vi. 爬行 solo n. 獨奏 adj. 單獨的 demonstrate vt. 示范, 證明 support vt. 支撐, 支持 various adj. 不同的, 各種各樣的 divide v. 分, 劃分 examine

18、v. 檢查, 檢驗 blond hair 金發(fā) rate of growth成長率, 生長速度 Each Child is an Individual Have you ever wondered why some children are so different from their parents or their brothers and sisters? Four-year-old Jason has blond hair and blue eyes and holds his little sisters hand as they enter the preschool. Emil

19、ys big dark brown eyes shine against her black hair and olive skin. Have you ever wondered how your life now would be different if your living environments were different while you were growing up? These questions make researchers to study the heredity influences and to what degree our families and

20、environments continue to influence us As a teacher of young children, you will be surprised to see each child as an individualYou will appreciate that each childs development-the sequence of changes and patterns of his growth-is his ownTemperament, reaction, and level of curiosity all contribute to

21、the childs own way of participatingThe childs rate of growth is also a factor in the childs individualityMost children who are about the same age follow a similar sequence in developmentHowever, the timing of specific achievements，such as crawling and reading, is highly individual. This means that H

22、ector might begin to walk at nine months but Marc might not take his first solo steps until sixteen monthsThe norm indicates that the most children begin to walk at twelve months However, the timing of specific achievements，such as crawling and reading, is highly individual. This means that Hector m

23、ight begin to walk at nine months but Marc might not take his first solo steps until sixteen monthsThe norm indicates that the most children begin to walk at twelve monthsBoth Hector and Marc are within the normal range for walking but also demonstrate individualized behaviorsDevelopment of specific

24、 abilities can occur within two years，from one year before the age to one year beyond Both Hector and Marc are within the normal range for walking but also demonstrate individualized behaviorsDevelopment of specific abilities can occur within two years，from one year before the age to one year beyond

25、 However, although we 1ook at each child as an individual, each child develops as a whole person. The idea of the whole child by educators and care-givers indicates that there is interest in supporting the development of the children all areas of growth. There are various ways to divide these areas

26、of growth in order to examine the outcome of research studies. individual ,ndvdul a. 1. 個人的,個體的 2. 個別的,單獨的3. 特有的,獨特的 n. 個人 individuality ,nd,vdult n. 1. 個性;個人(或個體)的特征2. 個體;個人 3. 個體狀 態(tài);獨立存在 individualized ,ndvdul,azd a. 1. 有個性的,具有個人特色的 2. 個人的,個體的 wonder wnd vi. 1. 納悶;想知道(+about)2. 覺得奇怪;不明白(+at)(+to-v

27、) I wonder at her rudeness. 我對她的粗魯感到驚訝。 3. 感到疑惑 vt. 1. 想知道+wh-2. 對.感到奇怪+(that) We wonder that the little boy is a university stude nt. 我們很驚奇這小男孩是大學生。 3. 對.感到懷疑+wh n. 1. 驚奇;驚異;驚嘆 There was a look of wonder in his eyes. 2. 奇跡;奇觀;奇事 3. 奇才 a. 1. 非凡的 2. 奇妙的 你曾經(jīng)想要知道為什么有些孩子與他們的父母和兄弟姐 妹差別那么大嗎？4歲的杰森是黃頭發(fā)藍眼睛，在

28、和妹妹 一塊去幼兒園的時候會拉著妹妹的手。艾米麗深棕色的 大眼睛閃爍著，映襯著她的黑色頭發(fā)和橄欖色肌膚。 Have you ever wondered how your life now would be different if your living environments were different while you were growing up? 虛擬語氣 在含有虛擬條件句的復合句中，主句和從句的謂語都要 用虛擬語氣。 heredity hrdt n.遺傳 influence nfluns n. 1. 影響,作用 (+on/upon) 2. 影響力;勢力,權(quán)勢(+ over/w

29、ith) 3. 有影響的. vt. 1. 影響,感化;左右 to some degree 在某種程度上 你有沒有想過在你的成長過程中如果你的生活環(huán)境不同， 你現(xiàn)在的生活會有什么不一樣嗎？這些問題使研究者去 研究遺傳的影響 ，在何種程度上我們的家庭和環(huán)境繼續(xù) 影響著我們。 appreciate pri,et vt. 1. 欣賞,賞識 Her talent for music was not app reciated. 她的音樂才能無人賞識。 2. 感謝,感激 They deeply appreciated his kin dness. 他們對他的好意深表感謝。 3. 體會,領會,察知+(that

30、) I am afraid you have not appreciated the urgency of the matter. 恐怕你還沒有意識到這件事的緊迫性。 4. 正確地評價,鑒. vi. 1. (土地、貨幣等)增值(+in) Sequence sikwns n.次序, 順序 pattern ptn n. 式樣, 模式, 樣品 temperament tmprmnt n. 氣質(zhì), 性情 reaction rkn n. 反應 Curiosity ,kjurst n. 好奇心 contribute to 有助于 similar sml a.相像的,相仿的,類似的(+to) specifi

31、c spsfk a. 1. 特殊的,特定的 Education should not be restricted to any one specific age group. 教育不應限制在任何特定的年齡組上。 2. 明確的;具體的 The trouble with Bill was that he never had a specific aim in life. 比爾的問題是他從未有過明確的人生目標。 3. 有特效的 4. 獨有的 Fins are a feature specific to fish. 魚鰭是魚類特有的特 征。 n. 1. 特性 2. 特效藥 3. 詳情;詳細說明書 wi

32、thin wn prep. 1. 在.范圍內(nèi);不超過 2. 在.里面,在.內(nèi)部 ad. 1. 在里面;在內(nèi)部;在心中 2. 在戶內(nèi) n. 1. 里面,內(nèi)部 range rend n. 1. 排, 行; 一系列 2. 山脈 3. (變化等的) 幅度; (知識等的) 范圍; 區(qū)域 The houses are sold out within this price range. 在這個價位范圍之內(nèi)的房子已售完。 vt. 1. 排列, 將.排成行 2. 使并列; 使進入行列 3. 把.分類; 使系統(tǒng)化 . vi. 1. 平行; 列成一行 2. 綿亙, 延伸 3. 漫游; (范圍) 涉及 (+over)

33、 4.(在一定范圍內(nèi)) 變動, 變化 The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade. 溫度在攝氏三十度與四十度之間。 作為一名幼兒老師，你將會驚訝地看到每個幼兒都是一 個單獨的個體。你會欣賞到每一個孩子的發(fā)展-變化 的順序和成長的模式，性情、反應和好奇心的強度都造 就了孩子自身特有的參與方式。大多數(shù)年齡相仿的幼兒 以相同的順序發(fā)展。但是，特定的獲得時間，比如爬、 閱讀，是非常個性化的。這意味著，赫克托爾可能在9個 月是開始會走路，而馬克指導16個月時才邁出個人的第 一步。 indicate nd,ket vt. 1. 指

34、示;指出+(that)+wh- 2. 表明;象征;暗示+(that) +wh- vi. 1. (人,車)亮起指示燈表示轉(zhuǎn)向 achievement tivmnt n. 1. 達成;完成 2. 成就,成績 demonstrate dmn,stret vt. 1. 論證,證明+(that)2.(用實驗,實例等)說明, 3. 示范 操作 vi. 1. 示威,舉行游行示威(+against) Beyond bijnd ad. 1. 在更遠處;往更遠處;再往后 The dog came to the front door, but not beyond. 狗走到前門,但沒有再向前走。 2. 此外 The

35、y provided the essentials of education but nothing beyond. 他們提供教育的要點,但僅此而 已。 prep. 1. 在.的那一邊;向.的那一邊;越過 Beyond the mountains is a thick forest. 山那邊是一片濃密的森林。 2. 遲于,晚于 Dont stay there beyond the visiting hours. 呆在那兒別超過會客時間。 3. (指程度)深于;(指范圍)越出 Its benefits go beyond this. 它帶來的好處還不止于此。 4. (指品質(zhì)等)處于.之外,超脫于

36、 She has intelligence beyond the ordinary. 她聰明過人。 5. (常用于含疑問或否定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)中)除.之外 He has nothing beyond the house. 除這幢房子外,他別的什么也沒有。 n.遠處 Young Columbus dreamed of crossing the ocean someday to the great beyond. 年輕時的哥倫布夢想有一日渡過大洋到達遠方的彼岸。 常模標準說明大多數(shù)孩子在12個月時開始會走。赫克 托爾和馬克都在會走路的正常年齡范圍，同時也說明 具有個人特色的行為。具體能力的發(fā)展可能在2年

37、之內(nèi) 發(fā)生，從這個年齡的前一年到這個年齡的后一年。 然而，雖然我們把每個孩子都視為一個獨特的個體，每 個孩子都是作為完整的人而發(fā)展的。教育者和照顧者完 整的幼兒的觀念表明是興趣支持著孩子在成長的各個領 域中的發(fā)展。為檢驗研究的結(jié)果，有多種方式將成長劃 分為不同領域。 Remove the Rock 移 石 Spend sometime (in) doing sth 花費去做某事 In the process of doing sth 在做的過程中 Truck 卡車 Pail 桶 Shovel 鏟子 Discover dskv vt. 1. 發(fā)現(xiàn) 2. 發(fā)覺;找到 在一個周六的早上，一個小男孩在

38、他的沙箱里玩耍， 還帶了一盒子的玩具車、一只塑料桶和一把閃閃發(fā) 亮的塑料小紅鏟。在柔軟的沙中堆砌道路和隧道的 過程中，他在沙箱的中央發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊大石頭。 dug挖掘 dislodge dsld vt. 1. 用力(或設法)移動;逐出 (+from) vi. 1. 離開住處 小男孩在石頭的周圍挖呀挖，成功地把它從泥沙中挖了 出來。接著，他有點吃力用腳把石頭往沙箱上推。（他 只是個小男孩，石頭顯得很大。）當他把石頭推到沙箱 的邊緣時，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒辦法把石頭滾過沙箱那堵矮小 的墻。 Made some progress取得一些進步 grunt grnt vi. 1. 作呼嚕聲 2. 咕噥,發(fā)哼聲 vt

39、. 1. 咕噥著表示;咕噥著說 (+out)+that Smash vt.粉碎;打碎,打破(+up) 擊潰,擊毀 chubbytbi a. 圓胖的;豐滿的 小男孩下定決心要把石頭移走，他推了又推，但每次 自以為取得一些成果時，那石頭又滾了下來掉回沙箱 中。小男孩咕噥著，使盡全力去推。但唯一的結(jié)果就 是石頭滾回來，撞到他胖胖的手指上。 burst into tears 突然哭起來 Frustration沮喪 All the time 一直 Available adj.可用的，可得到的 Sob 嗚咽 最后，小男孩沮喪地大哭起來。小男孩的父親一直在客 廳的窗戶旁注視著這一幕。當小男孩開始掉眼淚的時候

40、， 一個大大的身影落在小男孩和他的沙箱上。那是父親的 影子。 他溫和而堅定地問： “兒子，為什么你沒有用盡你所 有的力量？”小男孩很受挫，嗚咽地回答道： “我用 了，爸爸，我用了！我用盡了我全身的力量?！薄安?， 兒子，”父親溫和地糾正他說： “你沒有用盡你所有 的力量。你沒有叫我來幫你?！?父親邊說著邊彎下腰， 撿起那塊石頭丟出了沙箱。 在你的生命中，你也遇到過需要移開的“石頭”嗎？你 有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)你缺少挪動它的力量？但無論如何，總會有 某個人在我們需要幫助的時候愿意向我們伸出援手。 （6）請進。Come in, please. （7）請坐。Sit down, please. （8）點名。Take roll. / Roll call. （9）都到齊了嗎？Is everyone here? （10）誰沒來? Who is not here? / Who is absent? （11）為什么遲到了？Why are you late? For example: Teacher: Have you seen my rabbit?