英語必修三module1 reading語言點

1、1.face vt. 面向；面對 nC臉；表面The house faces the sea. 這所房子面向大海。He turned and faced her. 他轉(zhuǎn)過身來面對著她。We are facing the fact that more and more living things have disappeared off the face of the earth.我們正面臨著這樣的事實：越來越多的生物已經(jīng)從地球表面消失了。提示：英語中，表示身體部位的名詞?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為動詞，一般表示相應(yīng)的名詞能夠發(fā)出的動作。語法填空(1)(北京高考改編)We_(face)the difficulty

2、 together，but why didnt you tell me?答案：could have faced本題考查含蓄條件句的虛擬語氣。 句意：我們本來可以共同面對困難，但當(dāng)時你怎么沒告訴我??？完成句子(2)I think we should have a talk_(面對面)(3)I think we should have a_(面對面)talk. 答案：(2)face to face(3)facetoface2introduction n介紹；引進(jìn)Please give me an introduction to the book.請向我介紹一下這本書。知識拓展introduce v

3、. 介紹introduce常用于introduce something/somebody to somebody或introduce to somebody something/somebody把介紹給；其中to somebody?？墒∪ァntroduce something in/into something/some place 引進(jìn)；采用introduce something into something 將某物插入某物The company is introducing a new family saloon car this year.公司準(zhǔn)備今年推出一種新型家庭轎車。It was

4、 she who first introduced me to the pleasure of winetasting.是她第一個讓我領(lǐng)略到參加品酒會的樂趣。The food here is nice enough.My friend _(introduce)me a right place.答案：introduced本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。這里用一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的事實。句意為：我朋友還真給我找對了地方。用across，through和over填空(1)The sunlight came in_the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room

5、.(2)The cat jumped_the fence and caught the mouse.(3)I ran_an old friend of mine yesterday，whom I hadnt seen for ages.(4)The Great Wall winds its way from west to east，_the deserts，_the mountains，_the valleys，till at last it reaches the sea.答案：(1)through(2)over(3)across(4)across；over；through(5)Do yo

6、u think this shirt is too tight_ the shoulders?答案：across“穿過，橫穿”。across表示的動作是在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行的，題中是襯衫在肩膀處太緊，shoulder應(yīng)是在一個范圍內(nèi)，故用across。題干的意思是：“你覺得這件襯衫在肩膀處太緊嗎？”(6)“How could you lose so much money？”Charlie asked his wife，eyeing her angrily from_the kitchen table.答案：across句意：“你怎么會丟了這么多錢？”查理從餐桌那頭生氣地看著他的妻子問。acro

7、ss指“橫過；從一邊到另一邊”，在此意為從桌子的一頭到另一頭，符合題意?；脽羝?94range n. 山脈；范圍；v. 在范圍內(nèi)變動From my window you can see the range in the distance.從我的窗戶往外看，你可以看到遠(yuǎn)處的山脈。(1)這孩子現(xiàn)在走出了她的視線。The child is now_of vision.(2)夏天，每升啤酒的價格從50美分到4美元不等。The price of beer_50 cents_4 dollars per liter during the summer season.(3)The price of the h

8、ouse is well beyond our range.譯：_答案：(1)out of her range(2)ranges from；to(3)這所房子的價格遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我們能承受的范圍。(4)This is a country with a wide_of temperature.答案：range句意：這是一個氣溫變化很大的國家。a wide range of.表示“差距很大的，范圍很廣的”，range表示“范圍，幅度，差距”。(5)Reasons for joining a club at school range from making more friends and enrich

9、ing our social life to_(keep)us busy after school.答案：keeping考查range的搭配。句意：參加學(xué)校俱樂部的原因很多，范圍涵蓋了從多交朋友拓展我們的社交生活到放學(xué)后讓我們有事可做。range from.to.從到變動，from和to都是介詞，后跟v.ing形式，故答案用keeping。5percent n. C百分比；百分?jǐn)?shù) adj. 百分之This company can only supply 30 percent of what we need.這家公司僅能提供我們所需的30%而已。In China only 7 percent o

10、f the land can be used for farming.在中國，只有7%的土地可以用來種植作物。(1)當(dāng)percent作名詞表“百分之”時，不論前面的數(shù)字是多少，percent都不能用復(fù)數(shù)。(2)percent作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與of后的名詞保持一致。90 percent of the new books are good.90%的新書是好的。90 percent of the money is mine.90%的錢是我的。知識拓展percentage n. C，U 百分比；百分率80 percent of the information in the worlds co

11、mputers_(be) stored in English.答案：is題意：世界上電腦儲存的信息80%是英文的。percent“百分之幾”，其前往往用具體數(shù)字修飾。percent作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與of后的名詞保持一致，由于information為不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。6cover v.覆蓋，遮蓋Snow covered the ground.大雪覆蓋了地面。The players were soon covered in mud.那些運動員很快就渾身濺滿了泥。cover亦可意為“涉及，包含；報道；占(一片面積)；行走(一段路程)；足夠支付”。be covered by/wi

12、th被覆蓋His article covers teenager education and safety at school.他的文章包含了青少年的教育和在校安全問題。How many reporters will go to London to cover the Olympic Games?有多少記者將去倫敦報道奧運會？ 幻燈片50The reserve covers an area of 1140 square kilometres.保護(hù)區(qū)占地面積為1140平方千米。The army covered 120 miles in a single night.這支軍隊一夜走了120英里。D

13、oes 200 yuan cover your monthly expense?200元錢夠你一個月的消費嗎？Sixty percent of the mountain is covered by/with forest.這座山的60%被森林覆蓋。Forests cover much of the country.Much of the country_forests.答案：is covered with/by幻燈片527situated adj.坐落在(某處)；位于(某處的)Shanghai，situated in the southeast of China，is an internati

14、onal city.位于中國東南部的上海是一個國際化的城市。The worlds tallest building，the Burj Khalifa，is situated in Dubai.世界上最高的建筑物，哈利法塔，位于迪拜。be situated on/in/at.位于的；坐落在的；處于地位(境遇、狀態(tài))的另外，be located at/in/on.及l(fā)ie/stand/sit in/at/on.也表示“位于的；處于的位置”。situate vt. 使位于；使處于situation n. 情形；境遇；(建筑物等的)位置situational adj. 位置的；處境的；形勢的；地/職位

15、的This modern fivestar hotel，_(situate)close to the city center，is always crowded with guests，especially in summer.答案：situated考查非謂語動詞。在該題中，主句為the hotel is always.，中間是定語，修飾hotel。根據(jù)固定搭配：be situated in/on.，可知用過去分詞短語作后置定語，故答案為situated。8locate1)vt.確定的位置；探明；找到Locate the remains of a sunken ship.發(fā)現(xiàn)沉船殘骸。把設(shè)置(

16、在)；使坐落于(常用被動)The restaurant is located near the museum.那家飯店開設(shè)在博物館附近。2)vi. 安頓下來；定居The company hopes to locate in its new office by June.公司希望六月份之前遷入新址辦公?；脽羝?6詞語辨析locate，situate，lie和standlocatelocate和situate通常用過去分詞作表語，指某城鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)村或某物等的地理位置與環(huán)境的關(guān)系，即在何處。situatelie為最常用詞，不及物動詞，指國家、城鎮(zhèn)、道路、湖海等所處的位置。be located/situa

17、ted inlie in“坐落于，位于”。stand多指建筑物等被想象為主體的物體立于某處。The village is located/situated in a valley.The village lies in a valley.那個村莊位于一個山谷中。The straits of Dover lie between France and England.多佛海峽位于英法之間。The Jinggang Mountains stand where the boundaries of four counties meet.井岡山位于四縣的交界處。Ideally_(locate)for Br

18、oadway theaters and Fifth Avenue，the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.答案：located“因為處于(極為方便就能到達(dá)的)百老匯劇院和第五大道的理想之地，紐約公園賓館成為大批客人的首選之處?！本渲衛(wèi)ocated for.為表狀態(tài)的過去分詞，作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于Because it is ideally located for.。9symbol n. C象征；符號A dove is the symbol of peace.鴿子是和平的象征。The sign“”is the symbol fo

19、r division.“”是除法符號?；脽羝?0辨析wymbol, sign, mark和signalsymbol意為“符號、記號或象征”，指作為象征或表達(dá)某種深邃意蘊的特殊事物sign意為“符號、招牌、征兆、跡象”，代表有固定意義的符號或標(biāo)記mark意為“標(biāo)記、斑點、痕跡、分?jǐn)?shù)、刻度、記號”，既可指為便于辨認(rèn)而有意做的標(biāo)記，又可指自然形成的標(biāo)記或有別于其他事物的特征signal意為“信號”。指有意發(fā)出的代表一定含義的符號(1)We all know the lion is considered the king of the forest and it is a(n)_of courage

20、and power.答案：symbol考查名詞。句意：眾所周知，獅子被看作森林之王，它是勇敢和權(quán)力的象征。symbol“象征，符號”，符合題意?；脽羝?3用symbol/sign/signal/mark填空。(2)Dragons and the Great Wall are both the_of China.(3)His feet left dirty_all over the floor.(4)The road_is easy to read because the words stand out.(5)The railway_was on red，so the train stopped

21、.(6)here is no_of the old man picking up at present.(7)Youd better make a_where you have a question.答案：(2)symbols(3)marks(4)sign(5)signal(6)sign(7)mark10produce vt. 生產(chǎn)；制造n. (土特)產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品That factory produces cars.那家工廠生產(chǎn)小汽車。知識拓展producer n. 生產(chǎn)商；制造商；制片人productive adj. 多產(chǎn)的；富饒的；生產(chǎn)性的produce evidence 提出證據(jù)prod

22、uce electricity 發(fā)電the agricultural produce 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品the native produce 土特產(chǎn)品production n. 生產(chǎn)；制造；(藝術(shù)、影視等)作品；產(chǎn)品flow line production 流水生產(chǎn)daily production 日產(chǎn)量詞語辨析produce，product，production單詞produceproductproduction數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞詞義農(nóng)產(chǎn)品或沒有加工過的自然產(chǎn)品的總稱產(chǎn)物、產(chǎn)品，多指工業(yè)產(chǎn)品；亦可指任何體力勞動或腦力勞動所產(chǎn)生的東西可以指生產(chǎn)的行為“生產(chǎn)、制造”，也可指產(chǎn)量或(藝術(shù)、影視等)

23、作品，產(chǎn)品例句Things produced on a farm are produce.在農(nóng)場里生產(chǎn)的東西為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。Machinery，cars，ships are all industrial products.機(jī)器、車、輪船都是工業(yè)產(chǎn)品。This book is the product of 5 years hard work.這本書是5年辛勤勞動的結(jié)果。Production is up this month.本月產(chǎn)量提高了。The production of the crops was damaged by the storm.莊稼的收成被那場風(fēng)暴毀了。The play_(produc

24、e)next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.答案：to be produced考查不定式作后置定語。由句中時間狀語next month可以看出指將來時間，又因為play和produce是被動關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動語態(tài)。幻燈片6811influence vt.影響；對有作用 n. U影響；作用；勢力1.in the south ofin the south of“在的南部/邊”，是表示方位的短語。知識拓展off，in，on，to等可以作為表示方位的詞。off表示在某地范圍以外、離該地不遠(yuǎn)的某個方位。in表示在某地范圍內(nèi)的某個方位。o

25、n表示在某地范圍以外、與該地相鄰的某個方位。to表示在某地范圍以外、與該地距離較遠(yuǎn)的某個方位。幻燈片72There are many beautiful islands off the coast.沿海有許多美麗的島嶼。Shandong Province is in the east of China.山東省在中國的東部。Canada is on the north of America.加拿大位于美國的北面。England is to the northwest of China.英格蘭在中國的西北方向?；脽羝?3(1)Japan is_the east of Asia.答案：in題意：日本

26、在亞洲的東部。Japan是Asia的一部分，在某一范圍之內(nèi)應(yīng)用介詞in。(2)Fujian Province is_the south of Jiangsu Province.答案：to題意：福建省在江蘇省的南部。根據(jù)常識可知，福建和江蘇屬于并不接壤的兩個省，故用介詞to。幻燈片752be known as 作為而出名；聞名3work on繼續(xù)工作；影響；研究(制)；激起(發(fā))；努力說服There are always new problems for chemists to work on.總是有新問題供化學(xué)工作者研究。My parents spent the weekend working

27、 on me to go on holiday with them.我父母用了一個周末來說服我和他們一起去度假。work at致力于work out設(shè)計出；解決；算出；做出out of work失業(yè)Janes English isnt very good，but she works at it.珍妮的英語不太好，但她學(xué)習(xí)很用功。This math problem is too difficult.I cant work it out.這道數(shù)學(xué)題太難，我算不出來。(1)他正在致力于將于年底完成的一項新工程。He_a new project which will be finished by th

28、e end of the year.(2)他說服了他的朋友去幫忙。He_his friends to help.答案：(1)is working on(2)worked on語法填空(3)We need to work_how we are going to get there.答案：outwork out“解決”，符合題意。4because of因為；由于Tom was late for class because of the heavy rain.Tom was late because it rained heavily.湯姆因大雨而遲到。He was fired because of

29、 his laziness.He was fired because he was lazy.他因懶惰而被解雇。注意：because of為介詞短語，后跟n./pron./doing/what從句；because為連詞，后跟句子，千萬不要混淆哦！表示“因為，由于”的短語還有thanks to，due to，owing to，as a result of，on account of等。其中due to表示原因時，不置于句首。This accident was due to/owing to his careless driving.這場車禍?zhǔn)撬_車疏忽大意造成的。Thanks to your a

30、dvice，much trouble was saved.多虧你的建議，減少了許多麻煩。(1)He failed in the exam because of his carelessness.He failed in the exam_very careless.答案：because he was(2)The openair celebration has been put off because_the bed weather.答案：ofbecause of意為“因為”。句意為：露天慶?；顒油七t是因為天氣惡劣。5ever since 自從一直We came to the UK in 197

31、4 and have lived here ever since.我們1974年來到英國，此后就一直在這里生活。Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想作一次了不起的自行車旅行?；脽羝?6詞語辨析ever since，since then，from then onever since“自從一直”，常作現(xiàn)在完成時句子的時間狀語。since then“從那時以來”，常作現(xiàn)在完成時句子的時間狀語。from then on

32、“從那時起”，常作一般過去時句子的時間狀語。I have lived in New York ever since 1996.我自從1996年以來一直住在紐約。Many changes have taken place since then.自那時以來，發(fā)生了許多變化。From then on she knew she would win.從那時起，她就知道自己會贏。The waste water has been made clean before it goes into the river ever _ the new rule was made.答案：since題意：自從制定新規(guī)則以來

33、，廢水經(jīng)過凈化后才能流進(jìn)河里。ever since“自從以來”，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，符合題意。1.Between Italy and France，there is a mountain range called the Alps.在意大利和法國之間，有一個山脈被稱為阿爾卑斯山。called the Alps是過去分詞短語作后置定語。This is a book written by a farmer.這是一本農(nóng)民寫的書。The present given by his mother is very expensive.他媽媽給的禮物非常昂貴。過去分詞作定語1)單個的過去分詞作定語用時，通常放

34、在所修飾的名詞前；過去分詞短語作定語用時，通常放在所修飾的名詞后。polluted water 被污染的水death caused by the accident 由意外引起的死亡a trip organized by the League 由共青團(tuán)組織的旅行2)過去分詞作定語時相當(dāng)于一個定語從句，其“被動”與“完成”的含義可以從句中察覺出來。An organized trip is a trip which is organized by somebody or some organization.有組織的旅行就是由某人或某機(jī)構(gòu)組織的旅行。(被動)Fallen leaves are the

35、leaves which have fallen on the ground.落葉就是已經(jīng)落到地上的樹葉。(完成)(1)Time，_ (use)correctly，is money in the bank.答案：used考查非謂語動詞。句意：時間，如果用得合理，就是銀行里存的錢。time和use之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動。(2)Now that weve discussed our problem，are people happy with the decisions_(take)?答案：taken句意為“既然，我們已經(jīng)討論了問題，人們滿意要采取的決定嗎？”tak

36、e 與the decisions之間存在的關(guān)系是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動。(3)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit_(grow) on his own farm.答案：grown本題題意：至于早餐，他只飲用從他自己的農(nóng)場里種植的新鮮水果里所榨取的果汁。本題考查過去分詞短語擔(dān)任后置定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句which/that is grown on his own farm。(4)A great number of students _(question)said they were forced to practis

37、e the piano.答案：questioned考查非謂語動詞作定語。question與students 存在被動關(guān)系，question表示的動作也已完成，故用過去分詞。2Between France and Spain is another mountain rangethe Pyrenees.法國與西班牙之間橫亙著另一條山脈比利牛斯山。本句是個完全倒裝句。between France and Spain表方位，is為系動詞，another mountain range為主語；破折號“”對another mountain range起補充說明作用，相當(dāng)于that is。倒裝句多用一般現(xiàn)在時

38、或一般過去時，其常用句型主要有以下四種：1)down/up/in/out/away等表方向的副詞，后接不及物動詞，主語放在謂語后面。但此句型中的主語如果不是名詞而是人稱代詞時，主謂語序不變。Up went the rockets into the air.火箭直沖天空。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.一枚導(dǎo)彈(突然)從轟炸機(jī)下面發(fā)射出來。Ahead sat an old woman.前面坐著一位老夫人。Away they went.他們走了。2)“Therebe/exist/lie/live/stand/seem to be/appear

39、to be主語”表示“有，存在”等。There lies a building.那里有一棟樓。3)There/Here/Then/Thuscome/go/be/run名詞(主語)There goes the bell.鈴響了。Here is your letter.你的信。Here comes the school bus.校車來了。Here he comes.(代詞作主語，主謂語序不變)他來了。4)表語(形容詞、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞)be主語Hanging on the wall is a picture.掛在墻上的是一幅畫。即學(xué)即用語法填空Never before_ she seen any

40、body who can play tennis as well as Robert.答案：has考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。never為否定詞，位于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；由can可知，本句中要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。完成句子公園長凳上坐著一位老人。On the bench of the park_.一家小型工廠坐落在河的南岸。South of the river_.孩子們沖了出去。_the children.答案：sat an old manlies a small factoryOut rushed3About twothirds of Frances artists and writers live

41、in Paris.法國約2/3的藝術(shù)家和作家住在巴黎。twothirds三分之二表示分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；分子如果大于1，分母須加s(a)twothirds of the students (b)two thirds of the students 2/3的學(xué)生注意：“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)of名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)of后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。Twothirds of the trees have been cut down.2/3的樹木被砍掉了。Twothirds of the work has been done. 2/3的工作已經(jīng)做完了。Fourfifths of the

42、 people on the net_(believe)Chinas economy is among the strongest in the world.答案：believe題意：4/5的網(wǎng)民認(rèn)為中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平處于世界前列。作主語的名詞由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾時，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)該與其所修飾名詞(people)的數(shù)保持一致，因此用復(fù)數(shù)。4One of Barcelonas most famous landmarks is the church of the Sagrada Familia，which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi

43、.巴塞羅那最出名的一個標(biāo)志性建筑是圣家大教堂，由一個叫安東尼奧高迪的建筑師設(shè)計。which was designed by.是非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句只是先行詞的附加說明，與先行詞之間一般用逗號隔開；如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是單個的名詞或代詞，也可以是句子的一部分或整個句子。除that外，能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞都能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。在of which/whom之前可以使用表達(dá)數(shù)量或定位的數(shù)詞或代詞：1)all，none，both，neither，any，each，either2)基數(shù)詞，a few，several，many，a lot of，a large number，a great many，a great deal，a large qu