高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法冠詞講解及練習(xí)

1、冠詞用法 一. 不定冠詞的用法 1. 表泛指，表首次提到的、不限定的人或物。 There is a book on the desk. 2. a/an+ 單數(shù)n.表類別，指一類人或事物。 A horse is a useful animal. 3.表one, a certain, every, the same Ill return in a day or two. A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs. The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. They are nea

2、rly of an age. 4.用在抽象名詞前，a + 抽象名 詞，即抽象名詞具體化。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. It is a pleasure to talk with you. It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. a surprise/success/failure 5.與物質(zhì)名詞連用，表示“一種，一陣、一份”。 What a heavy rain! What a good supper! Please give me a black coffee! 6. 在同位語(yǔ)中，常

3、用a/an+ n.（one） Mike and Lucy, a newly married couple, had a happy honeymoon in Paris. 7. 用在某些固定詞組中. after a while 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒 all of a sudden 突然 as a rule 通常 as a result 結(jié)果，因此 as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 as a whole 大體上 at a loss 不知所措 in a hurry 急忙 in a way 在某種程度上 in a word 總而言之 put an end to 結(jié)束come to an end

4、結(jié)束come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論have a good time 玩得愉快have a rest 休息一下have a cold 感冒 have a word with 和談一談make a living 謀生make a fire 生火make a fool of 愚弄take a walk a knowledge of, a understanding of, a collection of 8. 不定冠詞的特殊位置 1） as/so/too/how/however+ adj.+ a/an+單數(shù)n. So short a time. Too long a distan

5、ce. 2) what/such/half+ a/an+單數(shù)n. I have never seen such an animal. 二. 定冠詞的用法 1.表特指的人或物 Look at the blackboard. There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book. 2. the+單數(shù)n.表類別 The horse is a useful animal. 3. 表世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物，但若此類名詞前有修飾成分，也可用a/an the sun, the earth, the moon, the sky, the univers

6、e a full moon but: in nature, in space, in society, in history 用在普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群島的名詞前。4. the United States, the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the Rocky Mountains, 5. 用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)、only, very, same前。 the second story, the largest room, the third longest river 但：1）a/an+序數(shù)詞表“又一，再一”；the+序數(shù)詞表排序

7、“第一，第二.” Would you give me a second chance? 2) a most +adj.最高級(jí):very, the most +adj.最高級(jí)表“最.” a most beautiful picture= a very beautiful picture 6. 用在方位名詞前 on the left, in the east / west 7. 用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人,作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。 the poor / rich / dying / young / living / wounded 8. 表“按計(jì)算” by the yard/the dozen/the

8、 month/the day/the week/ton 但： by size by time by weight 9. 在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示全家人或夫婦二人。 The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table 10. 西洋樂(lè)器名詞前 Do you like to play the piano or the violin? 11. 在表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前加定冠詞 The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago. 12. 年代，朝代前 In the 1870s/1870s, the T

9、ang Dynasty 13. 動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體部位 He hit him in the face. beat sb. on the nose, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the head 14. the+比較級(jí)表兩者中“較.的”，a+比較級(jí)表“一個(gè)更.的” He is the taller of the two boys. I dont like the bike. I want a better one. 15. 用在一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。如： all the same 仍然all the time 一直 all the year round

10、 一年到頭at the age of 在歲時(shí)at the beginning of 起初; 開始at the end of 在的盡頭/末尾 16. 定冠詞位置 定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前，但放在exactly, just, all, both，double，half，twice等詞之后，名詞之前。 All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有學(xué)生都出去了 三. 不用冠詞的情況(零冠詞) 1. 專有名詞前 China , America, John, 2. 可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格限制時(shí) This book is m

11、ine. 3. 季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、一日三餐名稱前 spring, summer, autumn / fall, winter, Sunday, October, National Day but: in the spring of that year, I met him on a Monday last month. We had a wonderful supper. 稱呼語(yǔ)，表示頭銜的名詞作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)及同位語(yǔ)時(shí)4. Whats this, Mother? He was made monitor. George W. Bush is president of the USA. 學(xué)科

12、名詞，球類、棋類名詞前5. Do you study mathematics? He likes playing football / chess. 不可數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指前6. Water is very important. Computers are widely used in our daily life. 連用的交通工具名稱前7. 在與byby car( bus, train, water, air, land) 某些固定詞組中8. day and night, brother and sister, hour after hour, here and there 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀

13、語(yǔ)從句中，作表語(yǔ)的名詞不帶冠詞。9. as Child as she is, she knows a lot of French. 解）后作表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前習(xí)慣不用冠詞。變成”10. 系動(dòng)詞turn（作“The young girl has turned writer.= The young girl has become a writer 后面的名詞不用冠詞。之前，such11.no與such連用時(shí)應(yīng)放在suchNo such thing has ever happened in this village “自然”前不用冠詞。 nature 12. man “人類” 常見純不可數(shù)名詞，不

14、與a/an 連用。 13. fun, weather, advice, progress, baggage, luggage, furniture, equipment, space, health, wealth, word=news, information, luck 注意：有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別 at table 在進(jìn)餐 at the table 在桌子旁邊 at desk 在讀書 at the desk 在課桌旁 at school 在上學(xué) at the school 在學(xué)校里 in class 在上課 in the class 在班級(jí)里面 in bed 臥床 in the bed 在床上

15、in prison 坐牢 in the prison （因事）在監(jiān)獄 in hospital 住院 in the hospital （因事）在醫(yī)院 go to school 去上學(xué) go to the school （因事）去學(xué)校 go to bed 上床睡覺 go to the bed 在床上 go to hospital 去看病 go to the hospital 去醫(yī)院 take place 發(fā)生 take the place 代替 in place of 代替 in the place of 在.的地方 in case of 萬(wàn)一 in the case of 就.來(lái)說(shuō) out of

16、 question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) out of the question 完全不可能 1. He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump. A. the; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. a; 不填 meat processing factory food science at college and hopes to open up 2.Carl is studying of his own one day. D. the ; the ；the C. the ;

17、 a A. / ； a B. / 3. Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George. D./, the B. the,/ C the; the A./,/ satisfaction. finished painting with 4. Sarah looked at D. the; a C. the; 不填 B. a; the A.不填；a 5. Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those t

18、ough times. ; a D. 不填 C. a; 不填 A. the; the B. a; a at _ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very 6. The Smiths dont usually like staying nice hotel by _ sea. D. the; a C. /; the A. /; a B. the; the 7.I woke up with _ bad headache, yet by _ evening the pain had gone. D. a; an C. a; the

19、 A. the; the B. the; an 8. We are said to be living in _ Information Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes. A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a 9. The development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout _ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology. A. 不填; the B.

20、 the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a 10. The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples well-being and _ dream of harmony, peace and development. A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the 11. Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man. A. a ; / B. the ; the C. a ; the D. / ; / 12. It was _ cold wint

21、er night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky. A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填 13. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _thirteenth century. A. the; a B. a; / C. /; the D. the; the 14. India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long st

22、ruggle. A.不填;a B. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the 15. People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning. A. a; an B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. the; an 16. The parents were shocked by _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee. A. a;/ B. the; / C. the; an D. a; an 17. Four and_ half hours of