[專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料]專業(yè)八級(jí)分類模擬275

1、專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級(jí)分類模擬275專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級(jí)分類模擬275專業(yè)八級(jí)分類模擬275LISTENING COMPREHENSIONFrance in the Twentieth Century . France in World War 1914: Germany declared war on France and 1 The Allies won the battle of Verdun, but 700,000 lives were lost 2 : the Germans surrendered . Post-World War France The 1920s:

2、 brimming with 3 , including British and American expatriates The early 1930s: the worldwide 4 . France in World War II 1939: Britain and France were forced to declare war on Germany with Germans 5 into Poland 1940: The French Army collapsed, and Paris was taken without a fight France was divided in

3、to an occupied zone and an unoccupied zone General Charles de Gaulle organized a government 6 to support the resistance effort 7 : German troops marched into the unoccupied zone June 6, 1944: The Allies finally landed on the beaches of Normandy 1944: The allies entered Paris; French troops entered t

4、he city first . 8 France Cities and architectural treasures had been bombed to bits National pride was shattered by defeat and accusations of 9 Politics: Charles de Gaulle returned to power and urged France to adapt to the modern world France alienated 10 and urged Europeans to create a power bloc L

5、iterature: Pessimism of 11 Le petti Prince Theater of the absurd. Fashion: haute couture was revolutionized 12 Cannes . France after 1968 1968: A series of students and 13 riots and a general strike occurred 1969: Charles de Gaulle 14 Mitterrand: most influence on 20th-century French society after d

6、e Gaulle Jacques Chirac: elected in 1995 The Channel Tunnel: Continental Europe was linked to Britain The road and rail link handles 15 of all the traffic between the two countries (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請(qǐng)搜索標(biāo)題名) 1.答案:quickly invaded聽力原文 France in the Twentieth Century Good morning, everyone. Today we will con

7、tinue our discussion about French history, particularly French history in the 20th Century. We may divide the 20th century portion of history into five periods: World War , post-World War , World War , post-World War , and after 1968. First of all, France in World War . In 1914, following the assass

8、ination of Archduke Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne, the German Army declared war on France and quickly invaded. Drawn-out battles in hellish trenches led to devastating losses on both sides. The Allies, namely France, Britain and the United States, won the battle of Verdun, but 700,000 lives

9、 were lost. The tide finally turned and the Germans surrendered in 1918, ceding the hotly-contested regions of Alsace and Lorraine back to France. But at what price? It is evidenced by the long lists of names recorded on solemn memorials in every French town. Paris, on the other hand, emerged from t

10、he wreckage of World War with its customary lan. In the 1920s, it was a gold mine of literary talent, brimming with British and American expatriates like Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Joyce, Henry Miller and Gertrude Stein. Marcel Proust defined the coming of age novel with his A la R

11、echerche du temps perdu. Once again, this giddily optimistic period was short-lived. The worldwide economic depression caught up with France in the early 1930s. Now, about France in World War . In this period of time, ominous military build-up began in Germany and Italy. The Germans reclaimed Alsace

12、-Lorraine in 1936, and invaded Poland in 1939. Because Britain and France had treaties with Poland, they were forced to declare war on Germany. France was overconfident of its famed Maginot Line, a fortified wall stretching across Alsace-Lorraine; the Germans approached from Belgium, surrounded it a

13、nd seized it handily. In 1940, the French Army collapsed, and Paris was taken without a fight. The country was divided into an occupied zone and an unoccupied zone, with its seat of government in Vichy. A famous World War general, Henri Philippe Ptain, was made leader, and the Vichy government was l

14、ater judged to have collaborated with the Nazis. General Charles de Gaulle, the Under-secretary of State for National Defense, had fled to London. He organized a government in exile to support the Free French in their resistance effort. When the Allies landed in French North Africa in 1942, German t

15、roops marched into the unoccupied zone. Two long years later, the Allies finally got a foothold on the beaches of Normandy, June 6, 1944, and entered Paris in 1944. Allied commander Dwight Eisenhower very diplomatically allowed French troops to enter the city first, to riotous cheers, heartfelt embr

16、aces, and unashamed tears. Fourthly, about Post-War France. Frances position in 1945 was more tenuous than it had been for centuries. Its cities and architectural treasures had been bombed to bits by both the Germans and the Allies. Its national pride was shattered by defeat and accusations of colla

17、boration. In a world now dominated by the United States and the Soviet Union, where did France fit in? Immediately after the war, thousands of suspected collaborators were executed. Former colonies like Indochina and Algeria were deemed too troublesome and divested. Charles de Gaulle returned to pow

18、er and urged France to marry the century and adapt to the modern world. Alienating his wartime AlliesBritain, Russia and the U.S.he urged Europeans to stick together and create a power bloc. French culture underwent yet another resurgence, led by the chic pessimism of existentialist philosophers Jea

19、n-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus. Antoine de Saint-Exuperys Le petit Prince depicted a world without poetry and love. Playwrights Samuel Beckett and Eugne Ionesco pioneered the theater of the absurd. Clothing designers Chanel, Dior, St. Laurent, Givenchy and other designers revolutionized haute coutur

20、e in the postwar years. Frances importance in European and world cinema is evidenced by the International Film Festival in Cannes each year. De Gaulle held onto power for 10 years after having installed the V Republic in 1958. That marked the fifth period of modern France. In 1968, a series of stude

21、nts and leftist riots and a general strike paralyzed the country, and the next year, he stepped down. He was succeeded by his former Prime Minister George Pompidou. Subsequent elections swung between rightists and leftists. After de Gaulle, Mitterrand has had the most influence on 20th-century Frenc

22、h society. He declared, Visitors will come to see the Paris of architecture, sculpture, museums and gardens; a city open to imagination, ideas and youth The conservative, Jacques Chirac, ex-mayor of Paris, was elected in 1995 and finished his second term in 2007. But another Mitterrand project chang

23、ed forever the relationship of France and England. With British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Mitterrand agreed to create one of the 20th centurys grandest engineering projects: the Channel Tunnel. When French and British construction workers met beneath the English Channel in 1990, Continental

24、Europe was linked to Britain for the first time in 7,000 years. Today, the road and rail link handles one third of all the traffic between the two countries. Although leaders like de Gaulle, Pompidou, Giscard, Mitterrand and Chirac were wildly different, France has continued to function with continu

25、ity and minimal turmoil. The system of cohabitationoverlapping terms of office of a president and a premier from opposing political campsseems to give French government the checks and balances it needs. France continues to both impress and confound the rest of the world, just as it always has! OK. W

26、ith this background, you should understand the chain of events and the artistic and architectural trends that accompanied historic events in France. As you visit monuments and museums during our orientation program next week, we hope that having this background will help you enjoy more fully your cr

27、oss-cultural experience in France. 解析 錄音首先講到法國(guó)在一戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的情況。1914年德國(guó)軍隊(duì)向法國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)并且很快侵占了法國(guó)。本題填quickly invaded。2.答案:1918解析 本題是細(xì)節(jié)題，考查德國(guó)在一戰(zhàn)時(shí)投降的時(shí)間。根據(jù)講座內(nèi)容，德國(guó)是在1918年投降。因此，填1918。3.答案:literary talents解析 在20世紀(jì)20年代，法國(guó)是文學(xué)家們的金礦，這里居住著海明威、菲茨杰拉德、喬伊斯等美國(guó)和英國(guó)的旅法作家。因此本題答案可概括為literary talents。4.答案:(economic) depression解析 20世紀(jì)30年代早期

28、，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條席卷法國(guó)。因此本題的答案為(economic)depression。5.答案:invasion解析 1936年，德軍占領(lǐng)了法國(guó)的阿爾薩斯-洛林，并于1939年入侵波蘭。本題的答案為invasion。本題考查的是將invade轉(zhuǎn)化為invasion。6.答案:in exile解析 戴高樂將軍組織了流亡政府(government in exile)支持“自由法國(guó)”的抵抗運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此本題的答案為in exile。7.答案:1942解析 本題考查某個(gè)事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間年份。錄音提到，1942年當(dāng)同盟軍踏上了法屬北非的土地上，德國(guó)軍隊(duì)就向這片未被占領(lǐng)的地區(qū)進(jìn)發(fā)。8.答案:Post-War解析

29、此題考查法國(guó)在20世紀(jì)的第四個(gè)時(shí)期戰(zhàn)后法國(guó)。因此本題填Post-War。9.答案:collaboration解析 本題問的是法國(guó)的民族榮譽(yù)感受挫源自哪兩個(gè)方面。講座提到，一是法國(guó)戰(zhàn)敗，二是法國(guó)被指控勾結(jié)外敵。因此，這里填的是collaboration。10.答案:wartime Allies解析 二戰(zhàn)勝利以后，戴高樂將軍逐漸疏遠(yuǎn)了法國(guó)在二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的盟友英國(guó)、蘇聯(lián)和美國(guó)，并敦促歐洲國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)起來，建立一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的聯(lián)盟。本題的答案為wattle Allies。11.答案:existentialist philosophy解析 錄音提到，法國(guó)文化經(jīng)歷了又一次死灰復(fù)燃，這次是由存在主義哲學(xué)家薩特和加繆的悲觀

30、主義引導(dǎo)的。因此本題填existentialist philosophy。12.答案:Cinema(industry)/Film(industry)解析 本題考查考生通過例子概括信息點(diǎn)的能力。問題問的是法國(guó)的哪方面在二戰(zhàn)后還發(fā)生了重大的變化。講座中提到的是：國(guó)際戛納電影節(jié)佐證了法國(guó)對(duì)歐洲以及世界電影的影響。因此，這里填的是Cinema(industry)或Film(industry)。13.答案:leftist解析 1968年，法國(guó)爆發(fā)了一系列的學(xué)生和左翼分子的暴動(dòng)，還引發(fā)了一次導(dǎo)致全國(guó)陷入癱瘓狀態(tài)的大罷工。因此本題的答案為leftist。14.答案:stepped down解析 錄音提到，1

31、968年法國(guó)學(xué)生和左翼分子的暴動(dòng)以及全國(guó)大罷工導(dǎo)致了戴高樂在次年下臺(tái)。即戴高樂在1969年下臺(tái)。本題填入動(dòng)詞的過去式stepped down。15.答案:one third/1/3解析 今天，英法大隧道的道路和鐵路承載了英國(guó)和法國(guó)之間三分之一的交通。因此本題的答案為one third或1/3。The Importance of Literature . Definition of Literature The word literature dates back to 16 In connection with ideas Characteristic of expression and fo

32、rm Poetry, novels, history, 17 , and essays Gets better with age . Views of Literature Individual 18 reading literature a) Expand vocabulary b) Educate on international issues and cultures c) Improve 19 and serf-discipline d) Be more creative e) 20 Refusal to read literature a) Less willing to 21 fo

33、r entertainment b) Spoiled by TV c) Boring or hard to understand . Historical and Cultural Benefits of Literature Example of 22 Created entertainment Our language was shaped and influenced by him Historical benefit: appreciate history in a(an) 23 way a) Themes of everyday life remain the same b) Rea

34、ders of novels written years ago feel 24 to the past c) Reader can also 25 the past and the present Cultural benefit: insights into the ways of life, 26 views of people in a time and place Example: different versions of Cinderella Different elements denote different pervasive 27 in a given culture L

35、oss of readership a) The advent of entertainment from 28 b) Literature has been adapted for popular 29 c) Reading the book is replaced by watching the movie Side effect: a(n) 30 (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請(qǐng)搜索標(biāo)題名) 16.答案:14th century聽力原文 The Importance of Literature Good morning, everyone. Today, I will give you a

36、brief account of the importance of literature. My talk today will cover three parts. The first part is about the definition of literature; the second part is about views of literature and third, about historical and cultural benefits of literature. First of all, lets talk about literature itself. Th

37、e word literature just looks boring. Very Englishvery oldvery stuffy. Not anything you want much to do with. It sounds like something over-educated. Non-working white-hairs from the motherland sit around and talk about it all day because they have nothing better to do. I mean, the word itself dates

38、back to the 14th century. The definition, as given on is a noun meaning writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, and poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. Somehow, that doesnt exactly make

39、 it sound better. Maybe its because I just completed two literature classes and a minor in English, but I would definitely argue that while literature and the concept of literature may be very old, the importance it holds has not fadedif anything it grows even stronger and even more important as tim

40、e goes on. Like wine, it simply gets better with age. Secondly, views of literature. Reading has a wide range of benefits to an individual. It can expand vocabulary, educate on world issues and cultures, improve memory and serf-discipline, increase the flow of ones creative juices, and last but not

41、least, entertain. Nonetheless, I know only a small handful of my peers that are willing to sit down and enjoy a piece of good literature that has shaped the culture of the world that we live in. I quote a recent saying from one of my friends while hiking, I refuse to read it because there are too ma

42、ny words. We werent even talking about some ancient work that is hard to get through. We were talking about Harry Potterbooks that are written at around a 4th or 5th grade reading level. For some reason, people today have become less willing to work for their entertainment. Weve been spoiled by tele

43、vision to the point that all we want to do in our free time is to allow our bodies and minds to vegetate. At the mere mention of Shakespeare, many people retreat back and throw up their hands in frustration. They say hes boring, or they cant understand his language use, or theyre just not into it. T

44、hirdly, and the most important part of my talk, the historical and cultural benefits of literature. While all three of those could be legitimate reasons depending on the person, Shakespeare is most definitely one of the most important literary influences. He was a geniushe created entertainment that

45、 was intriguing to even the toughest audiences of his day. In fact, many movies, books, and sayings we are very familiar with and love so much today either came directly from him or were influenced by him. For example, the commonly known phrase dead as a doornail came from Shakespeares Henry IV. As

46、stated above, there are a number of intellectual benefits to reading that will help a persons thought process in addition to providing entertainment. Literature, especially classic literature, gives people a greater appreciation for history in a non-historical way. Themes of everyday life remain the

47、 same even though times are certain to change. Reading a work of fiction written one hundred or more years ago and being able to visualize and understand the events gives the reader a special connection to time periods past. Readers can also look at what is happening in these works and identify how

48、certain things would be different or similar in the context of today. In addition, ancient literature and the evolution of it throughout time speak greater than any actual historical documents about the ways of life and political and moral views of people living in a certain place and time. For exam

49、ple, the most ancient Cinderella tale can be traced back to Chinapossibly explaining why it was so important for her to have such small feet. However, many different strands of the tale developed with different outstanding elements; some being small feet, talking trees, magical fish, a fairy godmoth

50、er, an evil step-family, troubled fathers, and even incest. When these different elements are interpreted, they tell what types of values were pervasive in a given culture, good and bad. However, with the advent of radio entertainment, then movies, then television, people have lost interest in liter

51、ature at an almost exponential rate, which is unfortunate, because everyday life is full of referencesboth literal and abstract. Lately, some of the most popular blockbusters have been derived from literature. Movies based on books by Jane Austen, such as Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility h

52、ave become increasingly popularalong with the Lord of the Rings trilogy, Narnia, and Harry Potter. In addition, the most popular tales of ancient literature like Cinderella and tales from Arabian Nights have been told and retold in countless ways. Often times today, watching the movie is seen as bei

53、ng just as good as taking the time to read the book. Even better actually, because it only takes a couple of hours. This could be true ff youre trying to cram a lot into a short period of time, but it does not allow for the benefits of reading to develop within an individual, and will even go in the

54、 other direction of causing some of the bad side effects of watching televisionsuch as a shorter attention span. In short, literature is not something to be tossed to the wayside. It is a valuable tool in understanding culture and history, and even for creating modern entertainment. And one of the c

55、oolest things about it is that it is still being created today. Take the Harry Potter books for example. The first one has only been in circulation for fifteen years, and already Harry is a household name all over the world. And there is even a theme park, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, openin

56、g this summer. So literature actually is important to us. I hope my talk today has rekindled your interest on literature. Thank you. 解析 錄音提到，“文學(xué)”這個(gè)詞可以追溯到14世紀(jì)。因此本題填14th century。17.答案:biography解析 本題考查“文學(xué)的定義”的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。其中，講座談到了幾處并列內(nèi)容，包括詩(shī)歌、小說、歷史、傳記和散文。題目缺的是傳記。這里填biography。18.答案:benefits from解析 此題考查講座第二個(gè)要點(diǎn)的第一點(diǎn)，閱讀文學(xué)作品對(duì)個(gè)人有很大的好處。因此本題填入benef