中國(guó)工業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查方法簡(jiǎn)介

1、中國(guó)工業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查方法簡(jiǎn)介An Overview of Chinas Industrial Statistical Methodology（國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局工交司 王曉輝）Xiaohui WANGDepartment of Industrial and Transport StatisticsNational Bureau of Statistics, China一、工業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查單位 Units of Industry Statistics and Inquiry工業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查單位分為三類：The Units of Industry Statistics and Inquiry are grouped

2、into three categories1、 獨(dú)立核算法人企業(yè)（經(jīng)常性的月、季、年報(bào)）Corporate industrial enterprises with independent accounting system, which provide monthly, quarterly and annual report regularly法人單位是指具備以下條件的單位：Definition:（1） 依法成立，有自己的名稱、組織機(jī)構(gòu)和場(chǎng)所，能夠獨(dú)立承擔(dān)民事責(zé)任；They are established legally, with their own names, organizations

3、, location, and are able to take civil liability;（2） 獨(dú)立擁有和使用（或授權(quán)使用）資產(chǎn)，承擔(dān)負(fù)債，有權(quán)與其他單位簽訂合同；They possess and use their assets independently, assume liabilities, and are entitled to sign contracts with other units;（3） 會(huì)計(jì)上獨(dú)立核算，能夠編制資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表。They are financially independent and compile their own balance sheets.

4、2、 產(chǎn)業(yè)活動(dòng)單位（年報(bào)中調(diào)查基本情況，生成名錄庫(kù)）Industrial establishments. They appear in the annual report with basic information in the relevant NBS database.法人單位所屬的產(chǎn)業(yè)活動(dòng)單位，是指具備以下條件的單位：(Definition)（1） 在一個(gè)場(chǎng)所從事一種或主要從事一種社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)； They have each one location and are engaged in one kind of industrial activity each;（2） 相對(duì)獨(dú)立組織生產(chǎn)

5、經(jīng)營(yíng)或業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)；They operate and manage their industrial production activities separately;（3） 能夠掌握收入和支出等業(yè)務(wù)核算資料（生產(chǎn)核算資料）。They have accounts of income and expenditures separately.3、企業(yè)集團(tuán)（服務(wù)業(yè)調(diào)查中心的年度調(diào)查）Enterprise Groups. They are included in the annual survey of Sevice Industry Survey Center.二、工業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查范圍 The scope

6、of Industrial Statistics and Inquiry按國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)行業(yè)分類范圍劃分，工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)包括3大門類：Based on the Industrial Classification and Codes for National Economic Activities, there are three major categories of industrial activities 礦業(yè) Mining制造業(yè) Manufacturing電力、煤氣、自來水的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)Production and distribution of electricity,gas and wat

7、er 39個(gè)二位數(shù)編碼的行業(yè)（大類），191個(gè)三位數(shù)編碼的行業(yè)（中類），525個(gè)四位數(shù)編碼的行業(yè)（小類）。39 2-digit level, 191 3-digit level, and 525 four-digit level industries三、工業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查方法Industrial Statistical Methodology按工業(yè)企業(yè)規(guī)模劃分為三種調(diào)查方法：Based on the sizes of industrial enterprise, NBS adopts three different approaches1、 規(guī)模以上工業(yè)：全面調(diào)查 Above-Scale firms

8、: census即全部國(guó)有工業(yè)企業(yè)和年主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)收入500萬元以上的非國(guó)有工業(yè)企業(yè)。This category includes all state owned enterprises (SOEs) and those not-state-owned firms with annual revenue above 5 million (RMB).2、 規(guī)模以下工業(yè)：抽樣調(diào)查 Below-Scale firms: survey年主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)收入500萬元以下的非國(guó)有工業(yè)企業(yè)和個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)單位。Survey for not-state-owned firms with annual revenue belo

9、w 5 million (RMB) and self-employed individuals.3、 大中型工業(yè)企業(yè)：聯(lián)網(wǎng)直報(bào)Large or Medium Size Industrial firms: Online Direct Reporting大中型工業(yè)企業(yè)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：須同時(shí)滿足三個(gè)條件：The three criterions of Large or Medium Size Industrial firms:大型企業(yè)：從業(yè)人員數(shù)2000人及以上，銷售額3億元及以上，資產(chǎn)總額4億元及以上；Large size firms: with minimum 2000 employees, 300

10、million (RMB) annual sales, and 400 million (RMB) asset.中型企業(yè)：從業(yè)人員數(shù)300-2000人以下，銷售額3000萬元-3億元以下，資產(chǎn)總額4000萬元-4億元以下；Medium size firms: with the size of employees equals or above 300 and below 2000, sale equal or above 30 million (RMB) but less than 300 million (RMB), asset equals or above 40 million (RMB

11、) but less than 400 million (RMB).四、規(guī)模以上工業(yè)全面調(diào)查方法Above-Scale firms: Census1998年開始，對(duì)規(guī)模以上工業(yè)實(shí)行全面調(diào)查。1998年約為16萬家企業(yè)，2005增加到28萬家，占全部工業(yè)增加值的80%。From 1998 on, NBS censuses all above-scale firms. It covered about 160,000 firms in 1998, 280,000 firms in 2005, about 80% of all industrial value-added activities.1、

12、調(diào)查頻率：年度調(diào)查、季度調(diào)查、月度調(diào)查Census frequency: annual, quarterly, and monthly2、調(diào)查內(nèi)容： Census content（1）年度調(diào)查：Annual census企業(yè)基本情況：企業(yè)名稱、企業(yè)代碼、企業(yè)所在地和行政區(qū)劃碼、電話號(hào)碼、登記注冊(cè)代碼、行業(yè)代碼等。Basic information: Name, code, location and administrative code, telephone number, registration code, industry code, etc.企業(yè)總產(chǎn)出：工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值、其中新產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)值、工業(yè)

13、銷售產(chǎn)值、其中出口交貨值。Total output: Industrial output, output of new products, sales, value of exports.財(cái)務(wù)狀況：共69個(gè)指標(biāo)，包括資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債、主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)收入、利潤(rùn)、增值稅、工業(yè)中間投入、現(xiàn)金流量等方面的指標(biāo)。Finance: 69 indices, including asset, liability, revenue of major activities, profits, value-added-taxes, intermediate industrial input, cash flow, etc.主要

14、產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)能力：30種產(chǎn)品的年末生產(chǎn)能力Production capacity of major products: about 30 such products.（2）季度調(diào)查：Quarterly survey財(cái)務(wù)狀況調(diào)查表：內(nèi)容包括企業(yè)18項(xiàng)主要財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)。The table of financial situations: 18 major financial indices of each enterprise;主要產(chǎn)品銷售、庫(kù)存、訂貨調(diào)查表：內(nèi)容包括100多種產(chǎn)品的銷售量、庫(kù)存量、訂貨量。The table on major products sale, inventory and or

15、der: more than 100 products企業(yè)能源消費(fèi)：29種能源品種的購(gòu)進(jìn)量、消費(fèi)量、庫(kù)存量、加工轉(zhuǎn)換量Energy consumption at the firm level: purchase, consumption, inventory and processing of 19 kinds of energy products.單位產(chǎn)品能源消耗：19個(gè)主要耗能行業(yè)的產(chǎn)品的能源單耗Energy consumption per unit of product: for 19 major energy consumption industries工業(yè)企業(yè)水消費(fèi)量Consumpt

16、ion of water（3）月度調(diào)查：生產(chǎn)調(diào)查表：內(nèi)容包括工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值、其中新產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)值、工業(yè)銷售產(chǎn)值、其中出口交貨值4個(gè)價(jià)值量指標(biāo)和400多種產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)量。Monthly survey: The table of production: 4 indices in terms of RMB (Industrial output, output of new products, sales, value of exports) and indices in terms of quantities produced for over 400 products.3、 數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)送 Data reporti

17、ng企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)送一般流程：The general procedure firms to report:規(guī)模以上企業(yè)區(qū)、縣統(tǒng)計(jì)局地市級(jí)統(tǒng)計(jì)局省統(tǒng)計(jì)局國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局Firms = NBS county and district level offices = NBS city level offices = NBS provincial officess=NBS headquarter五、規(guī)模以下工業(yè)抽樣調(diào)查方法 Survey methodoloy of below-scale firms1、調(diào)查方法：對(duì)規(guī)模以下工業(yè)企業(yè)和個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)單位實(shí)行抽樣調(diào)查。Method:對(duì)110萬家規(guī)模以下工業(yè)企業(yè)，運(yùn)用隨機(jī)抽

18、樣，按2.1%的抽樣比，抽取2.3萬家樣本企業(yè)進(jìn)行調(diào)查,然后推算總體；Using a 2.1% random sample from the 1.1 million industrial enterprises to estimate situations of the overal population.對(duì)全國(guó)75萬個(gè)村級(jí)單位的550-600萬個(gè)個(gè)體工業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)戶，運(yùn)用整群抽樣，按1.5%的抽樣比，抽取1萬個(gè)行政村的15萬個(gè)樣本進(jìn)行調(diào)查,然后推算總體。Using a 1.5% stratified random sample from 5.5 to 6 million of 750,000 vi

19、lige level to estimate situations of the overall population.2、調(diào)查頻率：季度調(diào)查 frequency of survey: quarterly3、調(diào)查內(nèi)容：Content of survey規(guī)模以下企業(yè)調(diào)查指標(biāo)：企業(yè)基本情況指標(biāo)，4個(gè)數(shù)量指標(biāo)：期末從業(yè)人員數(shù)、工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值、主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)收入、下季度從業(yè)人員變動(dòng)數(shù)。Below-scale firms: basic information, 4 quantative indices(number of employees at period end, output, revenue of ma

20、jor activities, expected quarterly changes of the number of employees);個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)單位調(diào)查指標(biāo)：基本情況，2個(gè)數(shù)量指標(biāo)：期末從業(yè)人數(shù)、營(yíng)業(yè)收入。Self-employed individuals: basic information, 2 quantative indices (number of employees at period end, revenue);4、企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)送一般流程：規(guī)模以下及個(gè)體工業(yè)戶樣本企業(yè)地市級(jí)調(diào)查總隊(duì)省調(diào)查總隊(duì)國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局The general procedure of collecting firm data:Firms = NBS city level