18-19Unit1SectionⅢ虛擬語氣(Ⅰ)

1、Secti on 山 Grammar虛擬語氣（I ）第3頁語境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句后自主感悟1f the rules of perspectivehad not bee n discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.2. Without the new paints and the new technique , we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.3.

2、There are scores of moder n art styles but without the Impressionists , many of these painting stylesmight not exist.1. 例句1中的f引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中謂 語動詞 had not been discovered為過去 元成式，表示與過去事實相反，主句的 謂語動詞 would have been 為 would + have +過去分詞。2. 例句2和例句3中的介詞without構(gòu)成 的介詞短語表示假設(shè)的條件，為含蓄虛 擬語氣，兩者都是表示與現(xiàn)在事實相 反，主句的謂語動詞要用 w

3、ould/should/might/could + 動詞原形。語法精要點(diǎn)撥一、動詞的語氣語氣是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法或態(tài)度。英語中的動詞在句中有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。1 陳述語氣表示動作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實的、確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某 些感嘆句。There are two sides to every questio n.每個問題都有兩面性。2 祈使語氣表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。Please lend me your dicti on ary.請把你的字典借給我用一下。3 虛擬語氣用來表示所說的不是事實，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而

4、是一種假設(shè)、愿望 或建議等。虛擬語氣通過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.上掃一0如果我是一只小鳥，我就能在空中飛行二、虛擬條件句的謂語形式假設(shè)情況if條件從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式與過去事實相反過去完成式（had+過去分詞）would/should/might/could +have +過去分詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反過去式（be的過去式常用were）would/should/might/could +動詞原形與將來事實相反 過去式 should+動詞原形 were to+動詞原形would/should/might/coul

5、d +動詞原形If he had time now，he would/could/might go with you.（與現(xiàn)在事實相反）要是他現(xiàn)在有時間，他會和你一起去的。If I were you， I would take an umbrella.（與現(xiàn)在事實相反）如果我是你，我會帶把傘。If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would/could/might have met the famous sin ger.與過去事實相反）如果你早來幾分鐘，你就會見到那位著名歌手了。If it were to snow this evening, th

6、ey would not go out.（與將來事實相反 ）如果今天晚上下雪，他們就不會出去。If he came/should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.（與將來事實相反）如果他明天來這兒的話，我就會跟他談?wù)劇＜磿r演練1用所給動詞的正確形式填空 If my father were（be） here now, he would tell me what to do. If there were（be） a heavy snow n ext Sun day we would not go skati ng. If he had known（k

7、now） your address yesterday， he would have visited（visit） you.三、幾種特殊的虛擬條件從句1 省略if形式的虛擬語氣在if虛擬條件句中，若省略if，則將should，were，had前置，構(gòu)成主謂倒裝句式。Should he agree to go there(= If he should agree to go there), we would send him there.要是他答應(yīng)去的話，我們就派他去。Were she my daughter If she were my daughter) I would nt allow h

8、er to study abroad.如果她是我的女兒的話，我就不讓她出國學(xué)習(xí)了。Had I worked harder(= If I had worked harder), I would have succeeded. 如果我當(dāng)時努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，我就會成功的。2混合虛擬語氣 若主句和從句所表示的時間不一致，就構(gòu)成了混合虛擬語氣或錯綜虛擬語 氣，此時，主句和從句的時態(tài)形式根據(jù)實際的時間概念來定。If shehad followed the doctors words，shewould feel better now.如果當(dāng)初她聽從了醫(yī)生的建議，現(xiàn)在就會好多了。If he were free t

9、oday，we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的話，我們就會已經(jīng)派他去北京了。3含蓄虛擬語氣 有時候假設(shè)的條件不是通過條件從句表達(dá)， 而是隱含在某些介詞短語中， 如 without., but for.等； 某些畐寸詞或連詞中，女口 otherwise, however, or, but 等。Without music (= If there were no music), the world would be dull. 世界若無音樂將會很枯燥。But for your help(= If there had not been your help

10、), I would not have succeeded in the experiment.如果沒有你的幫助,我的實驗就不會成功。rm really very busy , otherwise( = if I were not so busy) I would certainly go there with you.我真的是太忙了，不然我就會同你一起去了。She would have come here but she was too busy with her homework.她本來要到這里來，但是她當(dāng)時忙于做作業(yè)。即時演練 2用所給動詞的正確形式填空 Were(be) it to r

11、ain tomorrow, we would have to stay at home. If I had worked (work) hard at school, I would be an engineer now. We did nt know his teleph one nu mber, otherwise we would have telephon ed(teleph one) him.語法應(yīng)用落實I .單句語法填空1. If you were(be) here, you would see the famous star.2. Were(be) it to rain, the

12、 crops would be saved.3. But for the rain, we would have finished(finish) the work already.4. If it had rained last night, the ground would be(be) wet now.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：98892019】5. If you had taken(take) your teachers advice, you would not have failed the exam last week.6. Without the help of my English teac

13、her, I would have missed(miss) the first prize in the English Writing Competition.7. I did nt know you would come, otherwise I would have met(meet) you at the airport.8. If you had told(tell) me the n ews yesterday I would nt be so worried now.9. Sorry, I am too busy now.lf I had(have) time , I woul

14、d certainly go for an out ing with you.10. Had I worked harder at school I would have got a better job.n .單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1. Mary looks hot and tired.So will you if you had a high fever.will would2. If he was free, he would help us.was were3. Has he learned about computers we would have hired him to work here.Has Had4. But for electricity , there will be no modern industry.will would5. Were it rain tomorrow, we would have to call off the picnic.rain 前力廿 to 或 Were Should6. If I had had any money with me now, I could lend you some.去掉一個had7. We would be grateful when you could join us