高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題

1、高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題主語和謂語的一致(agreement between subject and verb)1 definition: 主語要和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致叫主謂一致。2 主謂一致包括三個原則：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。 語法一致原則：指用作主語的名詞詞組的中心詞和謂語動詞在單復(fù)數(shù)形式上的一致。 介詞短語 with, as well as, including, except, except for, but, together, besides, rather than, along with, together with 等修飾主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)

2、的形式與介詞前面的名詞或代詞的人 稱和數(shù)保持一致。e.g. i, along with my parents, am a football fan.the girl as well as boys likes playing basketball. 由 each 和 every 修飾的名詞以及由 every-, any-, some-, no- 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞都當(dāng)作單 數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. every hour and every minute is important.every boy and every girl enjoys the holiday.someone is wai

3、ting for you.everyone is here.everything is ready. 動名詞（短語），不定式（短語）和從句作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g. to see is to believe.walking on the moon is very difficult.what he said is wrong.注：. 在用形式主語 it 的句中和在用 it 作主語的強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，謂語動詞總用單數(shù)。 e.g. it isnt obvious who will be the best.it was he who taught us english last year. wha

4、t 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，謂語一般用單數(shù)，但如果表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。 e.g. what he left me are some old books. 定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和先行詞保持一致，但如果先行詞受到 one of 的修 飾時定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞受到 the only (very, last) one of 的修飾時定 語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. he has some books which were bought yesterday.he is one of the students who have passed the exam.he is the

5、 only one of the students who has passed the exam. many a + n.(單數(shù))/ more than one +n.(單數(shù)) 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. more than one student likes the popular song- fly freely.many a boy and many a girl has been to beijing. a number of , a good/ great many, quite a few, scores of 加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式時，謂語動 詞用復(fù)數(shù)； a large

6、amount of, a great deal of 加不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, plenty of 等后面如果接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式 , 如果接不可數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 ; amounts of, masses of, quantities of, varieties of 無論后接什么名詞，謂語動詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1 / 7高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題注：the number of +n.(pl.)謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于 of 后面名詞的形式。e

7、.g. one third of the books are worth reading.20% of the students are absent today. kind/ sort/ type/ form/ series/ species of + n. 作主語時，謂語動詞形式取決于這些名詞的單 復(fù)數(shù)而不是它們后面的名詞。e.g. this new type of buses is new on show.(但 buses of this kind are new on show.)all kinds of difficulties have to be over come. 意義一致原

8、則：指在意義上，主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式需要與謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。 有時主語形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)。 主語是 the people, the police, the public, the cattle, the youth 等集體名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù) 數(shù)形式。e.g. the police are questioning everyone in the house. 集體名詞 army, audience, enemy, family, committee, company, public, couple, group, staff, crew, team 等，若作 “整體” 對待，謂語

9、動詞用單數(shù)形式，若著眼于其中各個成員，謂 語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. the couple is talking with their son.the team are cheering for their success. 主語是 “the+ adj.” 表一類人或物時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如 the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the wounded.e.g. the old are taken care of here. 表時間、金錢、距離、溫度、度量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，具有 “整體” 概念，謂語動詞 用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. two years

10、is enough.a hundred miles is a long distance. 一些由兩個相同部分組成一個整體的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如 glasses, shoes, trousers, scissors 等作 主語時，如主語前有 “一條” “ 一把” “一雙”等量詞修飾，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，如主 語前是復(fù)數(shù)修飾語或沒有修飾語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. this pair of shoes is toms.the shoes are toms. 以 “-ics”和 “-s” 結(jié)尾的表學(xué)科的名詞和不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式。 (news, plastics, wroks 等)。e.g

11、. physics is not easy to learn.plastics is a kind of matter. 兩個名詞由 and 或 bothand連接作主語時，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式， 但當(dāng) and 不表并列意義，連接兩個在意義上表同一人、物或概念或由兩個部件配成的物品時，謂 語動詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g. my brother and i have both seen the film.both rice and wheat are grown in china.the professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.one more

12、 knife and fork is needed.war and peace is a long theme in history. 表示國家、城市、人名、書名、報紙、雜志及組織等的專有名詞作主語，常作為整體看2 / 7高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g. shanghai is the biggest city in china.the united states lies in north america. 表示國家、民族的形容詞與 the 連用，指整個民族，有多數(shù)的含義，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形 式，但表語言時用單數(shù)。e.g. the french are bra

13、ve.french is a beautiful language. “a+單數(shù)名詞+or two”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，但 “one or two+復(fù)數(shù)名詞” 作主語， 謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. a day or two has passed.one or two days have passed. 兩個主語，一個表肯定，另一個表否定，謂語動詞的數(shù)與表肯定的主語一致。e.g. i, not you, am the right person to do the work. 一些以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的單復(fù)同形名詞，作主語時，其謂語動詞的單復(fù)形式要根據(jù)句子的 具體含義來定，常見的這類以復(fù)數(shù)形式

14、出現(xiàn)的單復(fù)同形詞有： means( 方法，手段 ), bellows( 風(fēng)箱，減壓艙 ), species( 種類 ), series( 系列 ),works( 工廠 ), barracks( 兵營，營 房),lazybones(懶骨頭), headquarters(司令部),gallows(絞臺),links(高爾夫球場).e.g. one means every means has been tried.all means such means are unpleasant. 英語中有些單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞是以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的，這些詞主要有下面幾種：. 某些動物名稱：sheep，deer 等。.

15、 以 “-ese”或 “-ss” 結(jié)尾的國家名稱：chinses, japanese, swiss 等。. 漢語音譯的表示度量衡、貨幣等單位的名稱：jin(斤), yuan(人民幣元)等。. craft(指船或飛機(jī))，aircraft(飛機(jī))等。注：有時此類動物名稱加 “-s”表示不同種類：e.g. two fish (同種)兩條魚two fishes 兩條不同的魚 就近一致原則：指謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的名詞或代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式保 持一致。 由 or, eitheror, neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut連接的并列主語。 e.g. either

16、tom or you are going to help us.not only the students but also the teacher is enjoying the film. 在 there be 和 here be 表 “存在”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞與最近的主語保持一致。e.g. there is an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates.here are my answers to your questions.注：as well as 遵循就前一致原則(前面已有例句)step 3. exercises and

17、homework【2006 上海春季】china has promised to revise its existing regulations and _ new policies according to wto requirements.a. forming b. to formc. to be forming d. have formed2.【2005 全國】while watching television, _.a. the doorbell rang b. the doorbell rings3 / 7高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題c. we heard the doorbe

18、ll ringing d. we heard the doorbell rings3.【2005 北京】the prize of the game show is $30 000 and all expense_vacation to china. a. paying b. paidc. to be paid d. being paid4.【2005 上?！縫rofessor smith, along with his assistants, _on the project day and night to meet the deadline.a. work b. workingc. is w

19、orking d. are working5.【2005 上?！縜t last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _down to eat our picnic lunch.a. sitting b. having satc. to sit d. sat6.【2005 遼寧】nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _in the clothing industry.a. is wor

20、king b. worksc. work d. worked7.【2005 山東】with more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _each year. a. is washing away b. is being washed awayc. are washing away d. are being washed away8.【2005 江西】_ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering fro the terrible disease, the patient s

21、ought her doctors help to end her life.a. having given up hope of cureb. with no hope for curec. there being hope for cured. in the hope of cure9.【2005 上?！縯he purpose of new technology is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. a. not making b. not makec. not to make d. nor to make10.【2005 上海】tele

22、phone message for the manager _ on her desk but she didnt notice them. a. were left b. was leftc. was leaving d. were leaving11.【2004 北京】the teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.a. was b. werec. had been d. would be12.【2004 上?！縣aving been atta

23、cked by terrorists,_.a. doctors came to their rescueb. the tall building collapsedc. an emergency measure was takend. warnings were given to tourists13.【2004 福建】she has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _50 million. a. have reached b. has reachedc. are reaching d. had reached14

24、.【2004 廣東】all the employees except the manager _ to work online at home.4 / 7高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題a. encourages b. encouragec. is encouraged d. are encouraged15.【2003 上海】when and where to go for the on-salary holiday_ yet.a. are not decided b. have not been decidedc. is not being decided d. has not been

25、 decided16.【2003 北京】how are the team playing? theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt.a. got b. getsc. are d. were17.【2001 上海】fishing is his favorite hobby, and_.a. hed like to collect coins as wellb. he feels like colecting coins, tooc. to collect coins is also his hobbyd. collecting coins also

26、 gives him great pleasure18.【2001 上海】in order to improve english, _.a. jennys father bought her a lot of tapesb. jenny bought a lot of tapes for herselfc. a lot of tapes were bought by jennyd. a lot of tapes were bought by jennys father19.【2009 四川】 the teacher together with the students_ discussing

27、reading skillthat_ newly published in america.a. are; were b. is; werec. are; was d. is; was20.【2008 陜西】did you go to the show last night?yeah. every boy and girl in the area _ invited.a. were b. have beenc. has been d. was21. the white family_ very large. all the family _ animal lovers.a. is; are b

28、. is; isc. are; is d. are; are22. the youth of china today _ trying their best to study modern science and technology.a. is b. was c. were d. are23.【2009 湖南】either you or one of your students_ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.a. are b. is c. have d. be5 / 7高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題38. nobody but m

29、ary and john _ the secret.a. know b. knows c. have known d. is known 39. more than one glass _ needed.a. are b. is c. prove d. sound 40. i dont think _ rich _ the happiest in the world.a. /; is b. the; is c. the; are d. /; are41. many a man and many a woman _ a walk in the park.a. is taking b. are t

30、aking c. take d. is taken 42. dprk_ the democratic peoples republic of korea.a. mean b. are meant c. stands for d. represent 43. the letter uk_ the united kingdom.a. stand for b. stands for c. means d. represents 44. all but one_ here just now.a. is b. was c. has been d. were45. not only i but also

31、jane and mary_ tired of having one examination after another.a. is b. are c. am d. be46. the number of people invited to the party _ fifty, but a number of them_ absent for different reasons.a. were; was b. was; was c. was; were d. were; were6 / 7高考英語主謂一致完全解析及高考真題47. either you or the headmaster _ t

32、he prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.a. is handing out b. are to hand outc. are handing out d. is to hand out48. apples of this kind_.a. tastes good b. tastes well c. taste good d. taste well49. the olympic games_ held every four years.a. is b. are c. was d. has been50. he is the only one of the students who_ elected.a. are b. have c. has d. is51. “all _ present and all _ going on well,” our monitor said.a. is; is b. are; are c. is; are d. are; is52. the chinese _ hard-working and brave.a. are b. is c. has been d. is being53. the family _ all sports lover